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CharlesDickens,wasthemostpopularEnglishnovelistoftheVictorianeraandoneofthemostpopularofalltime.Hecreatedsomeofliterature'smostmemorablecharacters.Thegreatestrepresentative(代表)ofEnglishcriticalrealism(批判现实主义),Dickenslovedthestyleof18thcenturygothicromance,althoughithadalreadybecomeatargetforparody.OnecharactervividlydrawnthroughouthisnovelsisLondonitself.Allaspectsofthecapitalaredescribedoverthecourseofhisbodyofwork.狄更斯所处的19世纪，正是英国维多利亚的盛世时代当时的英国，一方面是工业的蓬勃发展带来了社会全面的繁荣；另一方面，经济的快速发展，加剧了社会矛盾和劳资矛盾，贫富两级分化，贫民的生存问题日益严重，悲惨的城市流浪儿童成为严重的社会问题之一Dickens'snovelsworkstoexposesocialproblems,suchasalmshouses,childlabor,aswellasgangabsorptionofyoungpeopleinvolvedincrime.Thismayalsohavetheshadowofhisexperience.Attheageof12,hisfathergotsometroubleandwentinprison,DickenswassenttoLondon,ashoepolishfieldasanapprentice,working10hoursaday.Perhapsbecauseofthisexperience,makesDickensmoreconcernedaboutthelivingconditionsoftheworkingpeoplewholiveinthelowerrungsofsociety.Aboutthebook,Ithink,Dickenswanttoletthereadersknowthe19th-centuryLondon’sdarkness,terror,violence,anddeception!AndalsowantustoseeaboynamedOliverwhohadatragiclifebutdon’tlosehiskindness.Inaworldfullofpovertyandcrime,hehadmanyexperience,hemeetmanypeoplesuchasanoddmanFagin,abraveboyDodger,agentlemanMr.Brownlow,apitygirlNancy,aferociousguySikes…allofthem,giveOliveradifferentlifeandeachofthemgivethereaderadifferentthought.“Givemeback!”Olivercried.“thosebooksbelongtothekindoldgentlemanwhotookmeintohishome.Sendhimbackthebooksandthemoney-he’llthinkIstolethem!”First,Oliverisapityboy,whowasborninaworkhouseandtreatedcruellythereaswasthenormatthetimeforpauperchildren.Hislifebeginwithpainthatmadehimtimidandweakness.Andthat’swhyhetrustsFagineasily.Howeverhestillakindboy,hewouldratherleadawanderinglife,isnotwillingtobecomeathief.Heyearnsforthegoodlife,andtheyearningsupportinghim.Hejustwantsasimplelifewhichhasawarmplacetosleep,ameaningthingtodo.Andthat’swhyhedependsonMr.Brownlow.OnegoodturndeservesanotherGoodreport,OliverhadagoodlifewithMr.Brownlowafterheexperiencedatwistsandturns.Ibelieveitcanhelphimbestrong!Thegirlshookherhead.“I’mchainedtohim,badastheyare.I’vegonetoofartochangemylifenow.”shelookednervouslyoverhershoulder.“Icanfeelthosedreadfulterrorsagain–visionofbloodanddeath.Imustgohome.”“Bill!”shesaid,pleasedtoseehim.Butwhenshesawhisexpression,thecolourwentoutofherface.“What’sthematter?”shesaidinalarm.“youknowwhat.”Sikestookouthisgun,butrealizing,eveninhismadness,thatashotmightbeheard,hebeathertwiceacrossthefacewithitashardashecould.Shefell,withalowcryofpainandterror,almostblindedbythebloodthatflowedfromthecutonherforehead.Themurdererstaggeredtoacorner,seizedaheavystickandstruckherdown.SecondisNancy.Nancy'smoralcomplexityinseveralofthemaincharactersandveryunique.ThereisnotmuchdescriptionofNancybutherworldwecanslightlyfeelit:helplessness,anger,andcontradiction.Nancyisathiefinherchildhood,drinkingexcessiveandsheisaprostitute,sheplungedintosteal,despisedforhersocial,butwhenshesacrificetheirlivestoprotectOliverwhosheisnotveryfamiliarwith.Herbehaviorisverytouching.ThirdisFagin.AbouthimIthinkheisoneofthemostcontroversialfigure.Heisabadguyandalsoagoodguy.Asabadguy,hisgreedy,cunningmadehimcrazyanddead.Butasagoodguyhegivesallchildrenaplacetolive.AlthoughFaginletstheboystosteal,buthealsotakesgoodcareofthem,hemakesthemhappyandgivesallthisorphanaplacetolive.ThatwhyOlivermadeaprayerforhim!Thisbooktomydeepfeelingisoliver’sbravespirit,althoughhavemanyhardshipinthedarknessoftheexperience,pleasedidnotletsuchagoodheartcoveredbydust.