搜索
Keywords＆expressionsLesson65Jumboversusthepoliceversusprep.(v/vs)拉丁语对抗ChinaV(ersus)BrazilChinaV(ersus)TurkeyChristmasn.圣诞节（X'mas）ChristmasDayChristmaspresentsChristmastreeChristmasEve平安夜FatherChristmas/SantaClaus圣诞老人awhiteChristmas有雪的圣诞节agreenChristmas无雪的圣诞节present1.n.(gift)礼物weddingpresents结婚礼物Birthdaypresents生日礼物2.adj.出席的，在场的bepresentEverybodypresentwelcomedtheidea.在场的每个人都赞成这个主意本句中present作后置定语修饰everybodyeg.Present!Sir.到！Allarepresentandallisallright.所有人都到了并且一切正常3.adj.现存的，现有的presentpresident现任总统atthepresent4.n.目前，当前atpresent目前，现在eg.I'mfreeatpresent.thepast,thepresentandthefuture过去、现在和将来5.v.赠予[pri'zent]presentsthtosbpresentsbwithsth将...赠予某人Thewinnerwaspresentedwiththeprize.Theprizewaspresentedtothewinner.accompany(accompanied)1.v.陪伴，随行I'llaccompanyyoutothepolicestation,don'tworry.Hewasaccompaniedbyhisgirlfriend.Thebigfishappearedatthemeetingaccompaniedby6bodyguards.这个大人物由6个保镖陪同出席会议thebiggun/shot/potato/boy2.为...伴奏Sheaccompaniedthesingeronthepiano.她弹钢琴为歌手伴奏companionn.同伴，伙伴Adogisafaithfulcompanion.approachv.(在时间或空间上)接近eg.Weapproachedthebirdsquietlyandwatchedthem.我们悄悄接近那些鸟然后观察它们Asyouapproachthetown,thefirstbuildingyouwillseeisthechurch.Newtermisapproaching.新学期就要开始approachmanhood即将成年Ifindhimdifficulttoapproach.我发现他很难接近oughtto应该(+v原形)语气比should稍强oughttodosth应该做...eg.Yououghttosaysorry.Suchthingsareoughttobeallowed.Theyoughttolettheirdogsrunontheroad.oughttohavedone/shouldhavedone本该做某事却没有做Yououghttohaveworkedharder.你本该更努力些的Yououghttohaveknownbetter.你跟应该知道更多的weigh1.v.称重量Thefarmerweighedthetomatoesbeforesellingthem.2.v.重Thatladymustweigh200kilograms.那个女士肯定有200公斤重Theelephantmustweigh10tons.这头象一定有10吨重3.v.仔细考虑，权衡，斟酌weighone'swords推敲，斟酌词句weightn.重量eg.Thatmanistwicemyweight.那个人有我两倍这么重loseweight减肥putonweight长胖taketheweightoffone'sfeet坐下weightyadj.沉的，重的heavyfortunateadj.幸运的luckyIamfortunatetomeetyou.我很幸运碰到了你fortunatelyadv.幸运地Iwaslate,butfortunately,theteacherwasevenlaterthanme.fortune1.[u]运气，机会(好的，不好的，尤其指对人们生活有重要影响的)Ihadthegoodfortunetobechosentorecitepassages.2.[c]命运Agypsytoldmyfortune.一个吉普赛人给我算命fortune-teller3.[c]大笔钱，巨款Thediamondringmustcostafortune.LanguagePointsKeystructuresshould1.比较肯定的推测猜测Itshouldbethepostmanatthedoor.JaneshouldbeinNewYorkbynow.2.最好，应该...Youshouldlistentoyourparents.Weshouldn'till-treatanimals.3.本应该...实际上没有...shouldhavedoneYoushouldhavelistenedtome.Keystructuresoughtto1.比较肯定的推测猜测Itoughttobethepostmanatthedoor.2.最好，应该...Yououghttolistentoyourparents.3.本应该...实际上没有...oughttohavedoneYoushouldhavelistenedtome.4.一般情况下，oughtto不用于否定句和疑问句Youshouldn'tbeimpatientwiththechild.ShouldItellhimthetruth?oughtto比should语气更强烈一些，多用于肯定句，疑问句和否定句多用shouldKeystructuresmust1.非常肯定的推测猜测Shemusteattoomuch,orshewouldn'tbesofat.Ourguestmustarrivebynow.2.必须...通常表达说话人的主观意愿YoumustturninyourpaperbeforeFriday.Youmustkeepquiet,orhewilllosehistemper.must通常只用在现在时和将来时Keystructureshaveto迫于某种外界因素不得不做某事通常表示句子的主语从客观上讲不得不做某事Ihavetohurryup,orIwillbelate.Itisgoingtorain,soIhavetogohomebycar.当表示过去某时不得不做了某事，只能用hadto,不能用mustKeystructures情态动词must,haveto,should,oughttomust表示“必须做某事“，通常表达说话人的主观意愿haveto表示”不得不，必须“，通常表示句子的主语从客观上讲不得不做某事eg.Imustleavenow.(表示主观意愿)Ihavetoleavenow.(某种客观原因导致)Imissedthetrain,soIhadtotakeataxi.当表示过去某时不得不做了某事，只能用hadto,不能用mustshould和oughtto表示”应该做某事“强调一种义务和责任，其中oughtto比should语气更强烈一些1.shouldhavedone/oughttohavedone本应该做（发生），实际上没做（发生）I'msorryI'mlate.Ishouldhavetakenataxi.I'msorryI'mlate.Ioughttohavetakenataxi.2.should/oughtto可能Johnshouldbeathome.Johnoughttobeathome.约翰可能在家情态动词表示说话人对某种可能性感到的肯定或者不肯定的程度，可以按照从最不肯定might到最肯定must列出来：mightmaycouldcanshouldoughttowouldwillmustExercises:1.shouldcome/oughttocome2.hadto3.shouldhavecomeoughttohavecome4.shouldhaveaskedoughttohaveasked5.hadtoexplain1.LastChristmas,thecircusowner,JimmyGates,decidedtotakesomepresentstoachildren'shospital.thecircusowner是句子主语，JimmyGates作主语的同位语，补充主语叫什么名字atthecircus在马戏团eg.Atthecircuswesawtheanimalsdotricks.我们在马戏团看动物的特技表演2.DressedupasFatherChristmasandaccompaniedbya'guardofhonor'ofsixprettygirls,hesetoffdownthemainstreetofthecityridingababyelephantcalledJumbo.dressedup和accompanied都是过去分词短语作伴随状语riding是现在分词短语作伴随状语called是过去分词作定语guardofhonor仪仗队down相当于along，沿着（prep）dressup盛装打扮，使...打扮dressvt.（给...）穿衣Shedressedherdoll.dressoneselfin穿着（表动作）Shedressedherselfinagown.她给自己穿一件长袍bedressedin穿着（表状态）Theladywasdressedinwhiteattheparty.3.Heshouldhaveknownthatthepolicewouldneverallowthissortofthing.shouldhaveknown本该知道（却不知道）allow+n./doingallowsbtodostheg.I'llneverallowsuchbehavior.Wedon'tallowsmoking.Myparentswon'tallowmetostayoutlate.4.ApolicemanapproachedJimmyandtoldhimheoughttohavegonealongasidestreetasJumboasholdingupthetraffic.apoliceman一位警察（谓单）thepolice警察群体（谓复）oughttohavegone本该走...sidestreet小道holdup1.阻止，停顿，使延误Wewerehelduponourwaytotheairportinatrafficjam.2.举起，拿起IhelduphandtoshowthatIhadaquestion.3.抢劫holdupabank抢劫银行5.ThoughJimmyagreedtogoatonce,Jumborefusedtomove.agreetodosth同意做某事eg.Weallagreedtostartatonce.agreethat承认，同意eg.Heagreedthatheshouldhavebeenmorecareful.agreeto+n.同意（某协议、安排）eg.Iagreetohisplan.agreeon+n.决定eg.Weagreedonaplan.我们商量后决定某一计划agreewith与...一致eg.Hisstoryagreedwiththefacts.refuseto