高中被动语态

被动语态passivevoice一：英语的谓语动词有两种语态WespeakEnglish.主语谓语宾语Englishisspokenbyus.主语谓语宾语主动语态被动语态被动语态的基本结构：be+done(过去分词)二、主变被解题步骤:1.找宾语----即动作的承受者Theymakeshoesinthatfactory.Shoes2.判断宾语的单复数----即be动词的单复数.are3.判断动词的时态----即be动词的时态.4.修改谓语的时态----即原句动词改为过去分词made5.修改原句的主语----即by+主语/宾格.bytheminthatfactory主动变被动练习1.Tombrokethewindow.ThewindowwasbrokenbyTom.2.Hebrokethewindows.Thewindowswerebrokenbyhim.三、被动语态的时态（以do为例）1)am/is/are+done(过去分词)一般现在时Thisshirtiswashedonceaweek.2）现在进行时am/is/arebeingdoneVolleyballisbeingplayed(bythem)now.3）现在完成时has/havebeendoneTheexperimenthasbeencompletedsuccessfully.4）was/weredone一般过去时Somefruitswereboughtyesterday.5）was/werebeingdone过去进行时Thefamousmanwasbeinginterviewedbyher6）hadbeendone过去完成时Thisfilmhadbeenseenbyusbeforeyoucamehere.7）willbedone一般将来时被动语态am/is/aregoingtobedoneTheworkwillbefinishedintendaysAneveningpartyisgoingtobeheldtomorrow.8）should/wouldbedone过去将来时Hesaidanewschoolwouldbebuiltintwoweeks.三、何时使用被动语态1.不知道动作的执行者是谁，或没有必要指出动作的执行者时。Theglassisbroken.玻璃杯破了。Lettersarecollectedateighteverymorning.信件每天早晨八点收取。2.为了强调或突出动作的承受者时。ThedeskwasmadebyMr.Wang.这张课桌是王师傅做的。Thebagwastakenawaybyhissister.那个口袋是她姐姐提走的。3.Itissaidthat+从句及其他类似句型一些表示“据说”或“相信”的动词如believe,consider,expect,report,say,suppose,think等可以用于句型“It＋be＋过去分词＋that从句”或“主语＋be＋过去分词＋todosth.”。Itissaidthat…据说Itissaidthattheboyhaspassedthenationalexam.（＝Theboyissaidtohavepassedthenationalexam.）四、特殊形式的被动语态（1）含有情态动词的被动语态一般式：情态动词+be+done完成式：情态动词+have+过去分词①Thiscanbedonebyhand.这可以手工做。②Theprojectmighthavebeencompletedearlier.这项工程本可以早些完工的。（2）make，hear，see，watch，feel，let，have等动词在主动语态的句子中，其后作宾补的不定式一般不带to，但当用在被动句时，后面作宾补的不定式必须带to。①Hidmothermadehimdohishomeworkagain.→Hewasmadetodohishomeworkagainbyhismother.②Shesawamangointotheroom.→Amanwasseentogointotheroom.（3）相当于及物动词的动词短语也有被动语态形式。Theylookedaftertheoldmancarefully.→Theoldmanwaslookedaftercarefullybythem.（4）get＋过去分词构成的被动语态get＋过去分词也可以构成被动语态，用这种结构的句子侧重于动作的结果而不是动作本身。①Howdidtheglassgetbroken?杯子怎么破了？（5）.主动形式表示被动意义的词1）某些感观动词和系动词加形容词可以表示被动意义，look，smell，taste，wear，sound等Theflowersmellssweet.花闻起来很香。Thedishtastesdelicious.菜吃起来非常可口（6）want,deserve,need,worth等词的后面可以用动名词的主动形式表示被动意义Thepointdeservesmentioning.这一点值得提到。---Thepointdeservestobementioned.Thetablewantscleaning.这张桌子该擦了。---Thetablewantstobecleaned.课堂练习：1.Eachchild______anappleattheendofyesterday’sparty.A.hasbeenofferedB.wereofferedC.wasofferedD.hasoffered2.Johngotangrywhenherealizedhe____.A.wasbeingmadefunofB.hasbeenmakingfunofC.wasneverthoughtofD.didnotthinkof3.“Look!Theflagis_____now.”A.beingroseB.risenC.beingraisedD.raising4.Allthemachines_____bytheendofthefollowingweek.A.wererepairedB.wouldberepairedC.willhavebeenrepairedD.werebeingrepaired5.HarvardUniversity,which______in1936,isoneoftheoldestuniversitiesintheUnitedStatesofAmerica.A.foundB.foundedC.wasfoundD.wasfounded6.Thispageneeded___again.A.beingcheckedB.checkedC.tocheckD.tobechecked7.___manytimes,theboystilldidn’tknowhowtodotheexercisesA.HavingtaughtB.HavingbeentaughtC.taughtD.Teaching