商务英语 Unit 6 Trade

Unit6Trade‘Everytimewebuyaforeigncarweputsomeoneelseoutofwork.’StartingupRich&poorAWhichofthefollowingproductsyouownareimported?Whereweretheymade?BWhatareyourcountry’smajorimportsandexports?Doyouthinkproductsmadeinyourcountryarebetterthanproductsmadeinothercountries?StartingupRich&poorrelatedexpressionsontrade&economyWTO(GATT:GeneralAgreementonTariffsandTrade)dumping/anti-dumpingtradebarriers(barriertotrade)tariffbarriernon-tariffbarrier倾销/反倾销贸易壁垒关税壁垒非关税壁垒世界贸易组织StartingupRich&poor•freetrade•NAFTA(theNorthAmericanFreeTradeOrganization)•laissez-faire•strategicindustryGDP(GrossDomesticProduct)GNP(GrossNationalProduct)自由贸易北美自由贸易区放任政策，不干涉主义战略产业国内生产总值国民生产总值StartingupRich&poor•importandexporttrade进出口贸易•breakintothemarket打入市场•makeaninvestment投资•placeanorder下订单，订货•deliverydate交货日期•shipment装运•insurancecover保险金额，保险范围StartingupRich&poorThegrossdomesticproduct(GDP)orgrossdomesticincome(GDI)isabasicmeasureofacountry'seconomicperformanceandisthemarketvalueofallfinalgoodsandservicesmadewithinthebordersofanationinayear.Itisafundamentalmeasurementofproductionandisveryoftenpositivelycorrelatedwiththestandardofliving.GDPStartingupRich&poorCPlacethesecountriesonthechartbelow.PoorinnaturalresourcesRichinnaturalresourcesLowGDPpercapitaHighGDPpercapitaBrazilFranceGermanyGreeceItalyJapanSingaporeUKUSAChinaUSADWhyaresomeofthecountriesonthechartricher?VocabularyFreetradeFreetradeisatypeoftradepolicythatallowstraderstoactandtransactwithoutinterferencefromgovernment.Underafreetradepolicy,pricesareareflectionoftruesupplyanddemand,andarethesoledeterminantofresourceallocation.Freetradediffersfromotherformsoftradepolicywheretheallocationofgoodsandservicesamongsttradingcountriesaredeterminedbyartificialpricesthatdonotreflectthetruenatureofsupplyanddemand.Theseartificialpricesaretheresultofprotectionisttradepolicies,wherebygovernmentsinterveneinthemarketthroughpriceadjustmentsandsupplyrestrictions.VocabularyFreetradeThegeneralmeaningofLaissez-faireistoalloweventstotaketheirowncourse,ortoletpeopledowhattheychoose.ThetermisaFrenchphraseliterallymeaningletdoorleaveittobe.IneconomicsoftheChicagoSchool,ithasbecomeadoctrinethatholdsthatthestateshouldneverinterveneinthemarketplace.Thetermisoftenusedtorefertovariouseconomicphilosophiesandpoliticalphilosophieswhichseektominimizeoreliminategovernmentinterventioninmostorallaspectsofsociety.Laissez-faireA“strategicindustry”isonewhichisconsideredtobeimportantandessentialforthepromotionandstabilizationoftheeconomy,onewhichservesaspecific“strategic”purposetotheeconomy,andtherefore,needstobeprotectedtopreventitfromdisappearing.Infantindustriesarebydefinitionthosethatarenotstrongenoughtosurviveopencompetition–theyaredependentongovernmentsubsidiesandprotectionisminordertosurvive.StrategicindustryInfantindustryVocabularyFreetradeAUsethewordsintheboxtocompletethetable.barriersdumpingprotectionismquotasopenborderstariffslaisser-fairederegulationfreeportstrategicindustriesliberalizesubsidizeinfantindustriesrestrictionscustomsInfavoroffreetradeAgainstfreetradeopenbordersbarriersdumpingprotectionismquotastariffslaisser-fairederegulationfreeportstrategicindustriesliberalizesubsidizeinfantindustriesrestrictionscustomsVocabularyFreetradeBDiscussthesequestions1Isfreetradealwaysagoodthing?2Doyouthinkitleadstothecreationofjobs,ortounemployment?VocabularyFreetradeCMatchthefirsthalvesofthesentencestothesecondhalves.1We’retryingtobreakinto2Youshouldcarryout3Ifyouwouldliketoplace4Ifyoucan’tmeet5They’vequoted6Letusknowifyouwantustoarrange7It’sessentialtocomplywitha)allregulationsifyouwantthedeliverytogothroughwithoutproblems.b)thedeliverydate,letusknowassoonaspossible.c)insurancecoverfortheshipment.d)amarketsurveybeforeyoumakeamajorinvestmente)theJapanesemarketf)anorder,dialonenow.g)usaverygoodpricefortheconsignment.VocabularyFreetradeDFindverb+nounpartnershipsinExerciseC.Whichofthemisnormallydonebythe:a)exporter?b)importer?c)both?tobreakintoamarkettocarryoutamarketsurveytoplaceanordertomeetadeliverydatetoquoteapricetoarrangeinsurancecovertocomplywithregulationsexporterbothimporterexporterexporterbothbothReadingLettersofcreditAletterofcreditisaletterfromabankguaranteeingthatabuyer'spaymenttoasellerwillbereceivedontimeandforthecorrectamount.Ifthebuyerisunabletomakepaymentonthepurchase,thebankwillberequiredtocoverthefullorremainingamountofthepurchase.Lettersofcreditareoftenusedininternationaltransactionstoensurethatpaymentwillbereceived.Duetothenatureofinternationaldealingsincludingfactorssuchasdistance,differinglawsineachcountryanddifficultyinknowingeachpartypersonally,theuseoflettersofcredithasbecomeaveryimportantaspectofinternationaltrade.Thebankalsoactsonbehalfofthebuyer(holderofletterofcredit)byensuringthatthesupplierwillnotbepaiduntilthebankreceivesaconfirmationthatthegoodshavebeenshipped.BackgroundinformationReadingLettersofcreditAReadtheletteronpage49andcompletetheapplicationform.NationalBankofCommerceExporter________________Goods:________________Importer________________Quantity:________________Value____________