高级英语第一课Middle Eastern Bazaar

LessononeMiddleEasternBazaar1.MiddleEast:SouthwestAsiaandNortheastAfrica,includingtheNearEastandIranandAfghanistan.FromAfghanistantoEgypt,includingtheArabianPeninsula,Cyprus塞浦路斯（地中海东部一岛）,andAsiaticTurkeyEconomyAbundantOilResourcesShortageOfWaterResourcesPeculiarCorps---DatePalm枣椰BazzarAbundantOilResourcesTheMiddleEasthastherichestoil,especiallyPersiangulfwhereoilisratherabundant.Themainoil-producingcountriesintheMiddleEast,suchasSaudiArabia,KuwaitandtheunitedArabemirates阿拉伯联合酋长国,becomerichcountriesfromoilexports.INthemiddleeast,theshortageofwaterresourcehasbeenaseriousproblem,andwaterisfarmoreexpensivethanoil.InSaudiArabia,aliterofgasoline汽油prices$0.12andaliterofbottledwaterpriceofabout$0.40inEgypt,aliter升ofpetrolpricerises90or$0.33,andaliterofwaterpriceforabout$0.34.ThedatepalmisthetraditionalcropintheArabareas.Arabcountriesown70%productionoftheworld’sdatepalm,amongwhichIraq'sdatepalmproductionisonthetopoftheworld.AccordingtothestatisticsfromUK,thereare100,000,000Datepalm,whileinArabiccountries,thereare70,000,000datepalm.TheMiddleEasternbazzarTheMiddleEasternbazzarwasfoundedinthe15thcentury,whichhadbeenlastforhundredsofyears.Withthedevelopmentofhundredsofyears,itcoversanareaof300,000squaremeters.Islamism伊斯兰教DevelopmentofIslamismMainworkandreligiousdoctrineArchitecturalstyleClothingcharacteristicImportantfestivalBackgroundDuringthe6to7century,theArabianpeninsulahadn’tbuiltaunifiednation,mostofthembelongedtodifferenttribesandtheyjustbelievedintheirownnaturegods,theireconomygotworseatthebeginningof7century,andatthesametimetherewerealwayswarsbetweentribes.Itwasnecessaryfortheresidentstobuiltaunitednationtogetridofthesituation.Insuchcircumstances,Islamismwasfounded.Founder:MohammedMeaningofIslam:ThewordIslamisArabiclanguage,whichmeansobedience.PeoplewhobelieveinMuslam穆斯林arecalledMoslem,thefollowers.theKoranDoctrineofIslamismBasiccreed:ThereisnogodbutAllah,andMuhammadisthemessengerofAllah!MuslinsbelieveinAllah,HisAngel,HisScriptures,HisMessengers,theLastDay,thePredestination宿命andResurrection复活.Muslinspurifytheirmindbycleaningfivetimesonedaytostrengthentheirbeliefs.MuslimCultureROLESOFMENANDWOMEN1)Wivesareconsideredthesexualpropertyoftheirhusbands.2)Muslimwivesaretobetotallydependentandobedienttotheirhusbands.3)Mencandivorceandremarrythesamewomenmanytimes.4)Mencanmarryuptofourwomeniftheycansupportthemcurrently.5)ChildbearingMuslimwomenshouldbefullycoveredinpublic.6)Onlyoldwomencangooutinpublicwithoutbeingfullycovered.MUSLIMFORBIDDENFOODS1)FaithfulMuslimscannoteatbaconorsausageforbreakfastinthenameofJesusChrist.2)FaithfulMuslimscannoteatahamsandwichforlunchinthenameofJesusChrist.3)FaithfulMuslimscannoteatporkchopsfordinnerinthenameofJesusChrist.4)FaithfulMuslimswillstarveunlessthefoodisblessedinthenameofAllahonly.ArchitecturalstyleTheroofofthebuildingsareoftenroundorcone圆锥形,whichgettheideasfromthekoran.Thesebuildingsaresolemnbutnotunchangeable;theyaregrandiose宏伟butnotunrefined粗俗.IslamismhasagreatimpactontheArchitecturalstyleofmiddleeast,andmanybuildingsarewithvaultedroofs.ClothingcharacteristicMenofmiddleeastalwayswearwhitegowns长袍，andveiledwomenwearblackgowns.AllthesephenomenonareaffectedbyIslamism.Butnowtheyarefree.Ramadan伊斯兰斋月,Muslimmonthoffasting节制饮食,istheninthmonthislamiccalendarUsually,Ramadanlastsfor29daysor30days.Thisyear’sRamadanbeganfromAugust11thtoSeptember10thMostdedicatetheirtimeduringtheholymonthtobecomeclosertoAllahthroughself-restraint,gooddeedsandprayer.DuringtheholymonthofRamadan,Muslimswillbeonboardtheconceptofminaret清真寺的尖塔building,decidedtobreaktheirfasttimeforLent斋期Bazaar:(inOrientalcountries)amarketorstreetofshopsandstandswhereavarietyofgoodsissold.Noway-outtoavoidatrafficjamnearUrduBazaar.veiledwomenGothic-arched:astyleofarchitectureoriginatedinN.Francein11thcentury,characterizedbypointedarches,ribbed有棱纹的vaulting拱形圆顶,steep,highroofsetc.Goth:oneoftheGermantribes(哥特部落）arch拱门:acurvedtopsometimeswithacentralpointrestingon2supportsasaboveadoor.Copper-Smith’marketacopper-smith’sstoreabellows:aninstrumentforblowingairintoafiretomakeitburnquicklyabellowsCarpet–market,Spice-marketFood–market,Dye-marketPottery–market,Carpenters’marketMosqueMosque—aMoslemtempleorplaceofworship.AmosqueissymbolicallyveryimportanttoMuslims,andisahumblewayformantorecreatepuredivinepresenceonearth.MosquecaravanseraiAninnwithalargecentralcourtyardwherecaravans(groupofpeople/merchantstravelingacrossthedeserttogether)canstayforthenightcaravanseraientranceCamels—‘shipsofthedesert’.—‘shipsofthedesert’.Thefirst,knownasanArabian,ordromedary单峰骆驼,camel,hasasinglehumponitsback.Theother,knownasaBactriancamel,hastwohumps.Camels—‘shipsofthedesert’.Figureofspeech:(修辞格）historicalpresent历史现在时一种特定的修辞手法，使用这种时态是为了使所描写事件显得更为生动、形象、逼真。Eg:TheMiddleEasternbazaartakesyoubackhundreds----eventhousandsofyears.（动词的一般现在时）contrast作比较形成悬殊的差别Eg:1).Youpassfromtheheatandglareofabig,opensquareintoacool,darkcavernwhichextendsasfarastheeyecansee…Simile（明喻）:Asimilemakesacomparisonbetweentwounlikethingshavingatleaston