高考英语语法填空PPT

高考英语语法填空解题公式河北泊头市第二中学张朝杰April22.2018一、语法填空考点简介：名词、动词、形容词、副词、介词、代词、连词、冠词。二、语法填空题的命题方式及解题要求：给出单词提示的主要是名词、动词、形容词、副词和代词，每空最多填写三个词;空白不给提示的空格处只能填介词、代词、连词和冠词，且每空格只能填一个词。三、考点解题分析：1.名词：空格处给出可数名词提示的一般变成复数即可。（2015新课标I）byartistsinsomanyChinese65._(painting).(2016语法填空新课标I）Thenurseryteamswitcheshimeveryfew68___(day)withhissistersothatwhileoneisbeingbottle-fed(2016新课II）Recent66___(study)showthatwearefarmoreproductiveatworkifwetakeshortbreaksregularly.(2016语法填空四川）Anysmellmightattractnatural65_____(enemy)2.动词：给出动词提示的要首先辨别是谓语动词还是非谓语动词。1）:如果是谓语动词，要先考虑语态和时态（2014广东）We18_____（tell）thatourroomshadn’tbeenreservedforthatweek,（2014辽宁）TaiChi66(call)“shadowboxing”inEnglish.（2014全国I）It1___(be)unimaginablethatitcouldeverbecleanedup.2）:如果是非谓语动词，则要从现在分词、过去分词和不定时三方面进行考虑A：现在分词即-ing形式通常用于以下四方面：a.与逻辑主语是主动关系时。【2015·全国I】69.regularlyarrangesquickgetawayshereforpeople70._____(live)inShanghaiandHongKong.b.修饰表示事物的名词时（2014年新课标卷I）Whilethereare_______68(amaze)storiesofinstanttransformation,c.位于介词后面时。【2015·全国II语法填空】ahousewithout64________（use）electricequipment.d.逗号后面的动词多用-ing形式。如：（2010广东）Hespititout,37(say)itwasawful.（2012广东）Hesuddenlyappearedinclassoneday,16(wear)sunglasses.B.过去分词即-ed形式通常用于以下三方面：a.与逻辑主语是被动关系时。(2014·天津高考)Clearlyandthoughtfully_____(write),thebookinspiresconfidenceinstudentswhowishtoseektheirownanswers.b.修饰表示人的名词时I’m__________(disappoint)atthenews.c.位于介词前面时。【2015·全国I语法填空】Astudyoftravelers68.__________(conduct)bythewebsiteTripAdvisornamesYangshuoasoneofthetop10destinationsintheworld.C.不定式即to-V形式通常用于一些比较简单常见的固定句型中，另外，如果所给的非谓语动词不会填时，一般蒙不定式即可。2014年全国卷IIIheardapassengerbehindmeshoutingtothedriver,butherefused____66___(stop)untilwereachedthenextstop.2014年新课标卷IIttookyearsofwork______65(reduce)industrialpollutionandcleanthewater【2016·新课标全国II语法填空】you’llbelesslikely69(bring)yourworkhome.【2016·四川III语法填空】For25days,sheneverleftherbaby,noteventofindsomething64(eat)!3.形容词和副词：1）.形容词和副词的形式互换（偶尔名词和形容词的互换）。(2014·新课标全国卷Ⅰ语法填空)Justbe____(patience)．(2015·全国卷ⅠI)Wallsmadeofadobetakeintheheatfromthesunonhotdaysandgiveoutthatheat65______（slow）duringcoolnights,(2015·全国卷Ⅰ)As69______(nature)architects,2）.形容词和副词的比较级变化(有than必有比较级)，最高级很少考到。(2015·全国卷Ⅰ)Finally,thathardworkpaidoffandnowthewaterintheriveris66_____(clean)thanever.3）.形容词和副词形式不知填什么时蒙比较级即可。(2014广东）Wehadmadeourreservationsixmonths__17____（early）,（2014辽宁）The68(hard)youtrytobeathim,themorelikelyyouwillgethit.(2013·天津高考)IthinkwatchingTVeveryeveningisawasteoftime—thereare_____(meaningful)thingstodo.4）.所给单词为-al,-ar,-ous结尾时直接加ly即可。(2016·全国卷Ⅰ)Thetitlewillbe63(official)giventomeataceremonyinLondon.(2016·全国卷II)Recentstudiesshowthatwearefarmoreproductiveatworkifwetakeshortbreaks67(regular)4.介词：一般都是固定搭配。(2014·辽宁高考语法填空)OK.Don’tlaugh________me.Imaylookfunny.(2014·浙江高考)Whilestayinginthevillage,Jamesunselfishlysharedwhateverhehadwiththevillagerswithoutaskingforanything________return(2014·湖南高考)Inthisway,everyonewilllive55peace.5.代词：1）人称代词It、第三人称的宾格及物主代词是主要的考察点。（2014福建）Wemustkeepreminding(82)（自己）thatitiseasiertogetintosomething（2014广东）Someofmyfriendssaid_16_____wasawonderfulholidaydestination.（2014湖南）Wecanchooseourfriends,butusuallywecannotchooseourneighbors.However,togetahappyhomelife,wehavetogetalongwith48aswellaspossible\（2016四川）Bythattime,thepandanolongerneeded68(it)motherforfood.2）关系代词常考who、which和that。而且以做主语为多。常用于下列句型：.................名词who/which/that谓语动词.............................。(空前为表示人的名词用who/that。空前为表示物的名词用which/that,空前有逗号不用that)（2014湖南卷）Peopleshouldnotdothings50willdisturbtheirneighborsunnecessarily.(2016新课标III）SomepeoplethinkthatthegreatChinesescholarConfucius,47livedfromroughly551to479B.C.关系副词when或where常用于下列句式：..........................时间when主语.....................。.........................地点where主语.....................。（2014湖南卷）therearetimes________somelevelofdisturbanceisunavoidable.（2014广东卷）Thenextday,mybrotherandIwenttothebeach24____wewatchedsomepeopleplayvolleyball.6.连词：连词分并列连词和从属连词。并列连词and、but最多，or和so极少。从属连词以if和when最常见，偶尔会有其他。1)在下列句式中根据关系填入and或but。..............................and/but.....................................(2014湖南）Forexample,televisionsetsneednotbeplayedatfullvolume(音量）51loudpopmusicshouldnotbeplayedverylateatnight.(2014湖南）Neighborsshoulddoalltheycantoavoiddisturbingotherpeople，53therearetimeswhensomelevelofdisturbanceisunavoidable.2)在下列句式中根据关系填入If/When或其他连词（7:2:1）。If/When或其他连词..........，...............。(2014湖南）54neighborswanttogetalongwellwitheachother,theyhavetoshowtheirtolerance.（2016四川）66itcried,sherockeditbackandforthandgaveitlittlecomfortingpats,（2016全国III）Overtime,45thepopulationgrew,peoplebegancuttingfoodintosmallpiecessoitwouldcookmorequickly.7.冠词：常用于固定短语或名词之前。（2014广东）SheapologizedforthemistakeandgaveusaspareVIProomon23_____topfloor.（2016全国II）Giveyourbodyandbrainarestbysteppingoutsidefor68while,exercising,ordoingsomethingyouenjoy.8.注意句中并列连词and的并列作用，即and前后的词形、词性、词义和时态一般都要一致。(2016·全国卷II)youshouldtakeastepbackandidentify(识别)thoseof61(great)andlessimportance.(2014·辽宁高考语法填空)Bendyourkneesslightlyandreachoutyou