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毕业论文（设计）题目基于单片机LCD显示的超声波测距系统基于单片机LCD显示的超声波测距系统摘要：超声波具有指向性强，能量消耗缓慢，传播距离较远等优点，所以，在利用传感器技术和自动控制技术相结合的测距方案中，超声波测距是目前应用最普遍的一种，它广泛应用于防盗、倒车雷达、水位测量、建筑施工工地以及一些工业现场。矚慫润厲钐瘗睞枥庑赖。本课题详细介绍了超声波传感器的原理和特性，以及主要单片机的性能和特点，并在分析了超声波测距的原理的基础上，指出了设计测距系统的思路和所需考虑的问题，给出了以单片机为核心的低成本、高精度、微型化数字显示超声波测距仪的硬件电路和软件设计方法。该系统电路设计合理、工作稳定、性能良好、检测速度快、计算简单、易于做到实时控制，并且在测量精度方面能达到工业实用的要求。聞創沟燴鐺險爱氇谴净。关键词：超声波测距单片机Ultrasonicrangingsystembasedonsingle-chipLCDdisplay残骛楼諍锩瀨濟溆塹籟。Abstract：Therearesomeadvantagesofultrasonic.Theyarethestrongdirectivity,theslowenergyconsumption,thelongpropagationlengthandsoon.SointheuseofLocationscheme,whichiscombinedwiththesensortechnologyandautomaticcontroltechnology.TheultrasonicrangingisthemostcommonlyusedthanotherLocationschemes.What’smore,theultrasonicrangingisalsowidelyusedinanti-theft,reversingradar,levelmeasurement,buildingconstructionsiteandsomeindustrialfields.酽锕极額閉镇桧猪訣锥。Thissubjectdetailedlyintroducesthattheprinciplesandcharacteristicsofultrasonicsensor,theperformancesandcharacteristicsofthemainSCM.Besides,thissubjectisalsobasedontheanalysisoftheprincipleofultrasonicdistancemeasurement,pointsouttheideasoftherangingsystem,theconsideringquestions,andgivesthemicrocontroller,whichasthecoreofthelowcost,thehighprecision,miniaturizationdigitaldisplayhardwarecircuitandsoftwaredesignmethodofultrasonicrangefinder.彈贸摄尔霁毙攬砖卤庑。Thecircuitofthissystemhasreasonabledesign,stableoperation,goodperformance,fastdetectionspeed,simplecalculation.Inaddition,thissystemisalsoeasytoachievereal-timecontrol,andmeetsthepracticalrequirementsofindustrymeasurement.謀荞抟箧飆鐸怼类蒋薔。Keywords:ultrasonicdistancemeasurementSC目录第一章绪论............................................................................................1厦礴恳蹒骈時盡继價骚。1.1，超声波测距系统的背景目的及重要意义...................................1茕桢广鳓鯡选块网羈泪。1.2超声波测距的国内研究现状..........................................................2鹅娅尽損鹌惨歷茏鴛賴。1.3超声波测距的测距方案和研究内容..............................................2籟丛妈羥为贍偾蛏练淨。1.3.1基于单片机的超声波测距系统...........................................2預頌圣鉉儐歲龈讶骅籴。1.3.2本设计的超声波测距原理...................................................3渗釤呛俨匀谔鱉调硯錦。1.3.3本设计的超声波测距方法...................................................4铙誅卧泻噦圣骋贶頂廡。第二章系统的硬件结构设计....................................................................5擁締凤袜备訊顎轮烂蔷。2.1单片机的选择..................................................................................5贓熱俣阃歲匱阊邺镓騷。2.1.1STC12C5A60S2单片机的主要性能...................................6坛摶乡囂忏蒌鍥铃氈淚。2.1.2STC12C5A60S2单片机的管脚说明...................................7蜡變黲癟報伥铉锚鈰赘。2.1.3STC12C5A60S2单片机IO口工作模式设定.....................9買鲷鴯譖昙膚遙闫撷凄。2.2超声波测距模块HC-SR04..........................................................10綾镝鯛駕櫬鹕踪韦辚糴。2.2.1超声波测距模块HC-SR04的特点..................................10驅踬髏彦浃绥譎饴憂锦。2.2.2超声波测距模块HC-SR04的电气参数...........................10猫虿驢绘燈鮒诛髅貺庑。2.2.3采用超声波测距模块HC-SR04的原因..........................10锹籁饗迳琐筆襖鸥娅薔。2.3系统显示模块LCD1602................................................................11構氽頑黉碩饨荠龈话骛。2.3.1显示模块LCD1602的控制命令........................................11輒峄陽檉簖疖網儂號泶。2.3.2选择显示模块1602的原因..............................................12尧侧閆繭絳闕绚勵蜆贅。2.4本章小结...............................................................................12识饒鎂錕缢灩筧嚌俨淒。第三章系统总体电路图............................................................................13凍鈹鋨劳臘锴痫婦胫籴。3.1STC12C5A60S2单片机的最小系统组成....................................13恥諤銪灭萦欢煬鞏鹜錦。3.1.1时钟电路.............................................................................13鯊腎鑰诎褳鉀沩懼統庫。3.1.2STC12C5A60S2单片机的最小系统.................................14硕癘鄴颃诌攆檸攜驤蔹。3.2电源电路........................................................................................15阌擻輳嬪諫迁择楨秘騖。3.3超声波测距模块HC-SR04的电路图如下：..............................16氬嚕躑竄贸恳彈瀘颔澩。3.3.1超声波测距模块HC-SR04的电路图...............................16釷鹆資贏車贖孙滅獅赘。3.3.2超声波测距模块HC-SR04的引脚说明...........................17怂阐譜鯪迳導嘯畫長凉。3.4显示模块LCD1602：...................................................................17谚辞調担鈧谄动禪泻類。3.4.1显示模块LCD1602的电路图..........................................17嘰觐詿缧铴嗫偽純铪锩。3.4.21602LCD的引脚说明........................................................18熒绐譏钲鏌觶鷹緇機库。第四章系统程序的设计............................................................................20鶼渍螻偉阅劍鲰腎邏蘞。4.1超声波测距系统流程图................................................................20纣忧蔣氳頑莶驅藥悯骛。4.2超声波测距系统的各组成程序....................................................20颖刍莖蛺饽亿顿裊赔泷。4.2.1超声波模块启动程序.........................................................21濫驂膽閉驟羥闈詔寢賻。4.2.2T0定时器距离计算程序...................................................21銚銻縵哜鳗鸿锓謎諏涼。4.2.3T0中断用来计数器溢出程序...........................................21挤貼綬电麥结鈺贖哓类。4.2.4系统主程序........................................................................21赔荊紳谘侖驟辽輩袜錈。设计总结......................................................................................................23塤礙籟馐决穩賽釙冊庫。致谢.........................................................................................................24裊樣祕廬廂颤谚鍘羋蔺。参考文献.....................................................