合同文本

汉英翻译教程华桥外国语学院应用英语学院商务合同翻译I.商务合同的种类按格式繁简的不同，分为正式合同Contract协议书Agreement确议书Confirmation备忘录Memorandum意向书Letterofintent中文的合同开头一般先罗列当事人的名称、姓名、住所或营业场所，然后是合同正文，结尾是当事人印章、授权代表签字、职务及日期。英文合同一般以下面这类句式开头：ThisCONTRACTismadethis_______dayof_________in(placeofsignature)byandbetween(nameofoneparty),acorporationdulyorganizedandexistingunderthelawsof(nameofthecountry)withitsdomicileat(address)(hereinafterreferredtoasPartyA)and(nameoftheotherparty)acorporationdulyorganizedandexistingunderthelawsof(nameofthecountry)withitsdomicileat(address)(hereinafter,referredtoasPartyB).II商务合同的结构然后是WHEREAS……THEREFORE….Itisherebyagreedasfollows或WITNESSETH,WHEREAS….NOWTHEREFORE,forandinconsiderationofthemutualcovenantsandagreementscontainedherein,thepartiesherebycovenantandagreeasfollows.接着是正文最后是证明部分：INWITNESSWHEREOF，thepartiesheretohavehereuntosettheirhandsthedayandyearsfirstabovewritten.（双方于文首日期签署本协议，特此为证）随后还包括当事人和见证人的签字。1.合同名称(Title)如SalesContract,TechnologyTransferAgreement,SharePurchaseAgreement2.前文（前言）(Preamble)1)Date&placeofsigning2)Signingparties,nationalitiesandprincipalplaceofbusinessorresidenceaddress3)Eachparty’sauthority(当事人的合法依据）如：acompanydulyorganizedandexistingunderthelawsof…..商务合同的具体构成部分4)RecitalsorWHEREASclause(定约缘由）WHEREAS,Sellerisengagedindealingof(product)anddesirestosell(product)toBuyer,WHEREAS,Buyerdesirestopurchase(product)fromSellers,Now,THEREFORE,itisagreedasfollows:WhereasPartyAiswillingtoemployPartyBandPartyBagreestodoasPartyA’sengineerinBeijing,itisherebyagreesasfollows.鉴于甲方愿聘请乙方,乙方同意应聘为甲方在北京的工程师,双方协议如下:Inconsiderationofthemutualcovenantsandagreementhereincontained,thepartiesagreeasfollows.双方考虑到在此提出的契约和协议,同意如下条款.3.正文（Body)①定义条款（Definitionclause)②基本条款（Basicconditions)③一般条款（Generaltermsandconditions)a.合同有效期限（Duration)b.终止(Termination)c.不可抗力（ForceMajeure)d.合同的让与（Assignment)e.仲裁（Arbitration)f.适用法律（Governinglaw)g.诉讼管辖（Jurisdiction)h.通知手续（Notice)i.合同的修改（Amendment)j.其他（Others)4.结尾条款（Witnessclause)①结尾语包括合同的分数、使用的文字和效力等（Concludingsentence)，有时还包括对合同进行修改或补充的内容和附件。②签名（Signature)③盖印（Seal)III合同翻译原则准确严谨首先是用词的准确性。如：Shippingadvice和shippinginstruction表面上差不多，但前者是“装运通知”，后者是“装运指示”。符合规范译文必须要体现法律语言的特点和契约文体的特点。（略）1多使用正式或法律上的用词（formal&professional）试比较下列用词terminate,stopcommence,beginbedeemedto,beregardedasinlieuof,inplaceofpriorto,beforewhatsoever,whatevercommencement,start/begin；ceasetodo，stoptodo；IV.英文合同的语言特色byvirtueof/duetobecauseof；atthecloseofthefiscalyear，intheendofthefiscalyear；asregards/concerning,relatingto，about；ineffect，infact；Themeetingshallbeconvenedandpresidedbysb.hold或call，convene；；miscellaneous,othermatters/events；construeacontract,comprehendacontract，understandacontract;deem，consider，think/believe；1）AttherequestofPartyB,PartyAagreestosendtechnicianstoassistPartyBtoinstalltheequipment.应乙方要求，甲方同意派遣技术员帮助乙方安装设备(help)2）PartyAshallrepatriatethepatienttoChinaandbearthecostofhispassagetoBeijing.甲方应将病人遣返中国，负责病人回到北京的旅费。（sendback)3)Theterm“Effectivedate”meansthedateonwhichthisAgreementisdulyexecutedbythepartieshereto.“生效日”的意思是指本协议经订约双方签字的日子。（signed）注意合同本身的法律术语词汇和一般用语的区别：examples一般文本含义法律文本含义Action行动措施或诉讼Limitation限制时效Prejudice偏见损害Royalties皇室、王权特许权使用费；版税Negligence疏忽过失Avoidance逃避宣告无效Satisfaction满意清偿、补偿grace优雅宽限期2用语力求准确、明白、严密PartyAshallsendtechniciansatPartyB’sexpensetotrainPartyB’spersonnelwithin30daysaftersigningtheContract.甲方应于签约后三十天内派遣技术员培训乙方的人员，有关费用由乙方承担。ThisContractcanonlybealtered,amendedorsupplementedinaccordancewithdocumentssignedandsealedbyauthorizedrepresentativesofbothparties.本合同的变更、修改和补充应按双方授权代表签名盖章的文件，才能进行。3多使用老式词汇把here,there,where加后缀(after,by,in,of,on,to,under,upon,orwithafterhere,there,orwhere)hereafter＝afterthistime;inthefuture今后hereby＝bymeansof兹herein＝inthis此中，于此hereinafter＝laterinthiscontracthereinbefore＝inaprecedingpartofthiscontracthereof＝ofthishereto＝tothisherebefore＝untilnowhereunder＝underthishereupon＝atthispoint;inconsequenceofthisherewith＝withthisthereafter＝afterwardsthereby＝bythatmeans;inthatconnectiontherefrom＝fromthattherein＝inthat;inthatparticularthereinafter＝laterinthesamecontractthereinbefore＝inaprecedingpartofthesamecontractthereon＝onthatthereof＝ofthat;fromthatsourcethereto＝tothatthereunder=underthatthereupon＝then;astheresultofthattherewith＝withthatoritwhereas=consideringthat;but鉴于whereby=bywhat;bywhichwherein=inwhat;inwhichwhereof=ofwhat;ofwhichwhereon=onwhat;onwhich关于那，在其上Inconfirmationhereofweattachabankstatement.为作这方面的确认我们附上银行结单。ThecorrespondenceattachedheretoformpartoftheContract.合同文件以及其来往文件均应被视为本合同的一部份。AlloftheobligationsoftheGuarantorhereundershallbejointandseveral.担保人在本担保书项下承担的所有义务均应是连带的。Lossescausedasaresultthereofshallbebornebytheviolator.由此而造成的损失，由违反者承担。（belongingtothat）Inconcludingacontract,thepartiestheretoshallimplementtheprincipleofgoodfaith.（tothat）当事人订立合同，应执行诚实信用原则。Inwitnesswhereof,Isetmyhand.我作为证人签字。TheundersignedherebyagreesthatthenewproductswheretothistradenameismoreappropriatearemadeinChina.下述签署人同意在中国制造新产品，其品牌以此为合适。4多用并列的同义词anyandall全部termsandconditions条件nullandvoid无效freeandclearof无costandexpenses各种费用rightsandinterests权益ableandwilling能够并愿意covenantsandag