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第一章句式优化不同的思想内容当然应该用不同的句式来表达．而同一思想内容也可以用不同句式来表达．句式不同，表达的效果就不同．一篇文章中如果反复使用同一句式，就会显得单调乏味，毫无生气，写作时一定要注意句式的变换，避免单一重复．1.长句和短句变换长句使文章富有气势，却容易产生语法错误或造成理解障碍；短句不容易出错，但是短句的堆砌容易让人感觉语言技巧不成熟，不老练．在实际写作中，一味地采用长句或短句都是不可取的，要注意长短句的交错使用．通常简单而又实用的长短句交错方法是：以简单句为基础，配以适当的并列句和复合句．简单句可长可短，一般要加些附属成分，如分词短语，不定式短语，介词短语，副词短语等．第一章句式优化1.短句变长句１．[原文]Liesdoharmtothosewhoarebeingtoldlies.Liesalsodoharmtothosewhotellthem.１．[优化]Liesnotonlydoharmtothosewhoarebeingtoldlies,butalsodoharmtothosewhotellthem.受汉语思维习惯影响，很多考生往往会直接将脑子里的意思议程英语，而忽略句与句之间的联系，导致写出来的句子无法体现英语作为“形合语言”的特点．因此，在平时写作时，考生要注意前后句之间的联系，用恰当的连接词将简单句连接起来，组成准确地道的复杂长句．增加文章的气势．一．长句和短句变换1.短句变长句３．[原文]Teenagersarepressuredbyschoolwork.Theyarealsoencouragedbytheirpeers.Undersuchcircumstances,theyresorttosmoking.Butsometimestheyfeelalittleguilty.３．[优化]Pressuredbyschoolwork.andencouragedbytheirpeers,teenagersoftenresorttosmoking,thoughtheyfeelalittleguiltysometimes.２．[原文]Usually,afactisdefinedasatruth.Thetruthcanbetestedbyobservationorexperimentation.２．[优化]Usually,afactisdefinedasatruth,somethingthatcanbetestedbyobservationorexperimentation.1.短句变长句4．[原文]WhenIturnedrightonthecorner,amotorbikeknockedintoasmallcar.Themotorbikewasred.Thereweretwopersonsonthemotorbikes.Thecarwasyellow.Themotorbikefelldown.Thetwopersonsonthemotorbikewereslightlyinjured.Thedrivercameoutofthecaratonce,andaskedaboutthetwoperson’sinjuries.AssoonasIsawthat,Imadeatelephonecallto110.thetrafficpolicearrivedinashorttime.4．[优化]WhenIturnedrightonthecorner,aredmotorbikewithtwopersonsknockedintoasmallyellowcar.Immediately,themotorbikefelldown,andthetwopersonsonthemotorbikewereslightlyinjured.Atthattime,thedrivercameoutofthecar,andaskedaboutthetwoperson’sinjuries.Seeingthis,Idialed110.inashorttime,thetrafficpolicearrived.第一章句式优化一．长句和短句变换2.长句变短句１．[原文]Hisfather,whoisasalesman,becameamillionaireovernight.１．[优化]Hisfather,asalesman,becameamillionaireovernight.长句固然能表达出复杂而缜密的思想，但如果片面最求复杂句式，反而会显得华而不实，累赘．写作中句子的长短应根据表达的需要而定，有话则长，无话则短．短句不仅指句子长度较短，也指句子内部结构精练，简洁是写作的一个重要原则，用词累赘则是写作的忌．2.长句变短句３．[原文]Hedidn’thaveenoughexperience,whichisthereasonwhyhedidn’tdotheworkwell.３．[优化]Hedidn’tdotheworkwellforlackofexperience.２．[原文]Perhapstheybasicallydistrustedourcapacitytojudgecorrectly.２．[优化]Theydistrustedourjudgment.1.短句变长句4．[原文]Abasicreasonfordivorceisthatsomepeoplearenotreallyreadyformarriage,perhapsbecausetheyarestillestablishingthemselvesintheircareersandhaven’thadenoughtimetogettoknowthemselvesandmanymembersoftheoppositesex,butfamilypressuresmakethemfeelthatsomethingiswrongwiththemsincetheyarenotmarried,andsotheymarryinhastewithoutknowingeachotherwell.4．[优化]Abasicreasonfordivorceisthatsomepeoplearenotreallyreadyformarriage.Astheyarestillestablishingthemselvesintheircareers,theyhaven’thadenoughtimetogettoknowthemselvesandmanymembersoftheoppositesex.However,familypressuresmakethemfeelthatsomethingiswrongwiththemsincetheyarenotmarried.Sotheymarryinhastewithoutknowingeachotherwell.第一章句式优化与汉语相比，英语更注重动作本身，而不是动作的执行者，因此在英语中被动语态的使用相对多一些，但这并不表明要以为地追求被动语态的使用．事实上，什么时候用主动，什么时候用被动，主要是由陈述对象而定．英语写作特别强调陈述对象的一致性，因此在选择主动和被动时一定要慎重．1.主动变被动１．[原文]Weshouldpaymoreattentiontotheelderlywhohaddevotedtheiryouthandenergytoourcountry.１．[优化]Moreattentionshouldbepaidtotheelderlywhohaddevotedtheiryouthandenergytoourcountry.二．主动句和被动句变换2.长句变短句３．[原文]Whentheprimeministerarrivedattheairport,hundredsofreporterssurroundedhimimmediately.３．[优化]Whentheprimeministerarrivedattheairport,hewasimmediatelysurroundedbyhundredsofreporters.２．[原文]TheemployeeselectedMr.lichairmanofthecommitteelastweek.２．[优化]Mr.liwaselectedchairmanofthecommitteebytheemployeeslastweek.第一章句式优化１．[原文]Nothowmuchyoureadbutwhatyoureadreallymatters.１．[优化]Itisnothowmuchyoureadbutwhatyoureadthatreallymatters.三．强调句和倒装句变换2．[原文]Bymakinggooduseofinternetwecanmakeadifferenceinourlife.2．[优化]Onlybymakinggooduseofinternetcanwemakeadifferenceinourlife.适当运用强调句和倒装句可以起到突出，强调的作用，达到较强的修饰效果，给读者留下深刻印象．1.短句变长句3．[原文]WehavegrownsooldbecausethebirthratefellearlierinwesternandnorthernEuropethanelsewhere,ratherthanbecauseofanychangeinthedeathrate.3．[优化]ItisbecausethebirthratefellearlierinwesternandnorthernEuropethanelsewhere,ratherthanbecauseofanychangeinthedeathrate,thatwehavegrownsoold.第一章句式优化１．[原文]WhenIlookintothefuture,IwilltrymybesttoservemyfellowstudentsifIamluckytobepresidentofthestudentunion.１．[优化]Lookingintothefuture,IwilltrymybesttoservemyfellowstudentsifIamluckytobepresidentofthestudentunion.四．非谓语句和从句变换非谓语动词包括不定式／动名词／现在分词和过去分词．使用非谓语动词可以在有限的空间内表达更多的信息，使句子结构紧凑，逻辑严密．1.短句变长句2．[原文]Thelawcanpunishthosewhoproduceorsellfakecommodities.2．[优化]Thelawcanpunishthoseproducingorsellingfakecommodities.3．[原文]Becauseoneofmyparentsislaidoff,myfamilywon’tpossiblyaffordallmyexpensesatcollege.3．[优化]Withoneofmyparentsbeinglaidoff,myfamilywon’tpossiblyaffordallmyexpensesatcollege.第一章句式优化１）justas…,so…(正如…，…也一样)e.g.justasfoodisnecessarytolife,soarebookstoourspirit.六．比较句变换１．表示相似性2）share/have…incommon(在…方面有共同点)e.g.chinaandtheu.s.havesomeinterestsincommoninforeigntradearea..3）bearsimilarities/resemblancesto…(和…具有相似之处)e.g.lotsofancientconstructionsbearstrikingresemblancetothat