2019年高考英语语法填空技巧

12019年高考英语语法填空技巧¤题型解读：一篇200字左右的短文或对话5-7个空白根据给出单词的正确形式填空3-5个根据上下文填写空白处所需内容¤能力考查：理解语篇、句子结构、运用语法、单词拼写。¤语法填空的考点或考查内容是：(1)纯空格题：通常考冠词、介词、代词和连词等四类词。一个空格只能填一个单词(2)用括号中所给词填空：通常考谓语动词的时态和语态、非谓语动词、形容词和副词的比较级、最高级、词类转换等。一个空格可以填1，2，3个单词一有提示词类试题的答题要诀（一）给出了动词的试题的解题技巧首先，判断要填的动词是谓语动词还是非谓语动词。然后按以下两点进行思考。技巧1：1）看位置。在主语后与主语构成主谓结构，那么填谓语动词，要考虑时态语态以及主谓一致。2）看是否有并列连词and,but,so等做标志，做并列谓语例句1：Hisfearoffailure________(keep)himfromclassroomgamesthatotherchildrenplayedwithjoy.解析：因主语Hisfearoffailure后没有别的谓语动词，需填的动词应为谓语动词；因主语与keep是主动关系，应用主动语态；由从句谓语动词played可知，要用一般过去时，故填kept.例句2：1Thatwascompletelynotagoodidea,soIpolitelyrefusedherinvitation,40(close)mybookandwalkedaway.解析：虽然句中已有谓语动词refused，但由andwalked可知，所填词与refused和walked是并列关系，所以也用一般过去式closed。牛刀小试1：1Mybrother________(succeed)inwinningtheelectionlastweek.2Morethan2,000peopleare______________(employ).3Thefirstcard_____(design)bytheboylastweek4Mr.Smithstoodup,________(pick)uphisbookandleft.技巧2若句中已有谓语动词，又不是并列谓语时，所给动词就是非谓语动词。若是非谓语动词就要确定用—ing形式、—ed形式，还是用不定式形式。（todo/tobedone)2确定方法如下：Ving形式表主动，进行.或作主语；宾语Ved形式表被动，完成Todo形式表主动，将来，例句1：Itisimportantforus__________(learn)English.解析：句中有谓语动词is,it是形式主语，后面用不定式作真正的主语。所以填tolearn.例句2：________(take)exerciseisofgreatbenefittous.解析：句中有谓语动词is,所以take应为非谓语；分析句子成分，作主语，表示一般情况，要用动名词。故填Taking.例句3：________(catch)thefirstbus,hegotupearly.解析：句中有谓语动词gotup,所以catch应为非谓语动词。根据句子成分分析，作状语，表目的，故要用不定式而且主动的，Tocatch.例句4：Theteacherenteredtheclassroom,________(follow)bysomestudents.解析：句中已有谓语entered,而follow又不是与之并列的，故为非谓语动词；又因为theteacher与follow是被动关系，故用过去分词作伴随状语,followed.例句5：Hesawthestone,_________(say)tohimself,“Thenightwillbedark”.解析：句中已有谓语saw,且没有并列连词构成并列谓语，所以，所给动词应当是非谓语；又因He和say是主动关系，故填saying作伴随状语。例句6：Lessons_______(learn)insportscanhelpusinourdealingwithotherpeople.解析：因句中已有谓语canhelp,所以learn应为非谓语动词；又因lesson与learn是被动关系，要用过去分词短语作后置定语，故填learned.牛刀小试2：1Theteacherwalkedaround_____________(inspect).2Sorry,Ican’tgowithyou.I’m__________(suffer)fromaseriousheadache.3Withtime____(go)by,hehasexploredmoreandmorefields4_________(host)theOlympicsGamesisalsoagreatresponsibility.5Weallwanttohavetheproblem____________(solve)inapeacefulway.6Hecan’tsayaword,____________(point)atthenoticeonthewallangrily.7Thefilm___________(base)onthenovelissointeresting.8Thegame__________(design)forchildrentodeveloptheirinterestinmathsispopularwiththekids.9_____(see)thebigsnake,thelittlegirlwasfrightened.10________(ask)whyhestolethebook,hekeptsilent.二词类转换题的解题技巧3（一）作表语，定语或补语，通常用形容词形式根据该词在句子所作句子成分确定用哪种形式。例句1：Theboyimmediatelyfelt________(silence)whenheheardthebadnews.解析：因在系动词felt后作表语，用形容词，故填silent。例句2：Ifdiseasedtissueisfound,a_____(power)laser（激光）canbeusedtoburnitaway…解析：在冠词与名词之间，要用形容词，作定语，故填powerful。例句3：Teachersmusttrytheirbesttomakemostoftheirstudents________(interest)inthesubject解析：因所填词在句中作宾语mostoftheirstudents的补足语，用形容词；表示“感兴趣的”，填interested。牛刀小试3：1Mikewasa__________(rely)manandIthinkyoucanrelyonhim.2Hecan’tstand(忍受)peoplewhoare________(cruelty)3Tommadehismother_________(anger)becauseofhisrudeness.（二）作主语、及物动词或介词后宾语，在冠词、形容词性物主代词后，或“冠词+形容词”后，用名词形式；有时需要注意名词复数。例句1:JohnSnowwasabletoannouncewithcertainty(certain).2：OnDecember10,theanniversaryofthedeath(die)ofNobel3:Recognizingyourbadeatinghabitsisofgreatimportance(important)incorrectingthebehavior.牛刀小试4：1Theycarriedthechildrento_________(safe)2Iholdthe_________(believe)thatwecanovercomethedifficulties.3Onhis____________(arrive),hewasgivenawarmwelcome.（三）修饰动词、形容词、副词，或整个句子，作状语，用副词形式例句1Sadly(sad)thelibraryhadmovedfromitsoriginalplaceintoanotherbuilding.(副词修饰整个句子)2Bybendingorpressingdowninyourseat,youcanmoveswiftly(swift)（所给词修饰动词move）牛刀小试5：1Helookedcalm,but________(actual)hewasnervous.2Motherhasnotyetrecoveredfromtheseriousillness,butherhealthisimproving___________(gradual)daybyday.3Anyone,whetherheisanofficialorabusdriver,shouldbe4_________(equal)respected.（四）有可能是词类不用变，主要是考察1具有与词根意义相反的派生词，需根据句子意思及前后逻辑关系，在词根前加un-等，在词根后加-less等2比较级/最高级3名词变复数例句1Hehasstrongdeterminationandisunwilling(willing)togiveuptheopportunity.(他有很强的决心，不愿意放弃这次机会)2Onemaindisadvantage(advantage)ofthisareaisthatthepublictransportisnotconvenient.(这个地区一个主要缺点是公共交通不便利)3Socialcustoms_(custom)aredifferentfromcountrytocountry.4Theharder(hard)youtrytostudy,themorelikely(可能的)youwillsucceed.(the+比较级，the+比较级结构：越—越---)牛刀小试6：1I_________(like)peoplewhotalkloudlyinpublicplaces.Ithinkitsveryimpolite.2Itis_______(fair)thathegetsverylittleinrewardforhishardwork.3Yourmistakecausedalotof__________(necessary)workintheoffice.4Nowthewaterintheriveris________(clean)thanever.5Wehavemadeour________(mind)tostudyEnglish.训练提升一1.IwascertainshewouldlikeitbecauseI_______(tell)bymyclassmatesthatshelovedhotfood.2.Beingtooanxiousoften________(lead)tothebadresult.3InLogan,threepeople______(take)toahospital,whileothersweretreatedatalocalclinic(地方诊所).4Housepricesinthatcity_______________(decrease)byonly5%sincelastyear.训练提升二1________(speak)outyourinner(内心的)feelingwon’tmakeyoufeelashamed,onthecontrary…(说出你的内心感受不会使你难堪，相反。。。)2Wemustalsoconsiderthereactionoftheperson__________(receive)thegift.3Beforethewaitresscouldevenfinishdescribingthemenu,myfriendlookedatmewith