TranslationofContractDefinitionContractsareagreementsbetweenequalnaturalpersons,legalpersonsandotherorganizationsforthepurposeofestablishing,alteringandterminatingmutualcivilrightsandobligations.(ContractLawofPeople’sRepublicofChina)合同是平等主体的自然人、法人、其他组织之间设立、变更、终止民事权利义务关系的协议。1)ContractsforInternationalSaleofGoods国际货物销售合同2)ContractsforInternationalTechnologyTransfer国际技术转让合同3)ContractsforSino-foreignJointVentures中外合资经营企业合同4)ContractsforInternationalEngineeringProjects国际工程承包合同国际商务合同的种类CategoriesofInternationalBusinessContracts5)ContractsforCompensationTrade补偿贸易合同6)ContractsforSino-foreignCooperativeDevelopmentofNaturalResources中外合作开采自然资源合同7)ContractsforInternationalLeasingAffairs涉外租赁合同8)ContractsforSino-foreignCreditsandLoans涉外信贷合同9)ContractsforForeignLaborServices涉外劳务合同10)ContractsforInternationalBuild-Operate-Transfer国际BOT投资合同(建设-经营-移交)按照格式的繁简程度的不同,国际商务合同可以采取:正式合同(Contract)协议书(Agreement)确认书(Confirmation)备忘录(Memorandum)定单(Order)等书面形式。合同的语言特征程式化准确性严谨性一致性庄重性简明化程式化出口合同本合同于由ABC贸易有限公司(以下简称“卖方”)和XYZ贸易有限公司(以下简称“买方”)于2012年8月5日签订。买卖双方同意按以下条款购买、出售下述商品。ExportContractThisContractisenteredintothis5thdayofAugust2012betweenABCTradingCo.,Ltd.(hereinaftercalled“Seller”)whoagreestosell,andXYZTradingCo.,Ltd.(hereinaftercalled“Buyer”)whoagreestobuythefollowinggoodsonthefollowingtermsandconditions.ThisContractismadethis16thdateofOct.,1998inBeijing,ChinabyandbetweenABC(FullName)CompanyundertheLawof,havingitsregisteredaddressin,Itslegaladdressis(hereinafterreferredtoasthe“Buyer)andDEF(FullName)CompanyundertheLawof,havingitsregisteredaddressIn,itslegaladdressis(hereinafterreferredtoasthe“Seller);wherebytheBuyeragreestobuyandtheSelleragreestosellthefollowinggoodsonthetermsandconditionsasbelow:本合同由依法律成立的ABC(全称)公司,其登记注册地在,法定地址为(以下简称买方)和依法律成立的DEF(全称)公司,其登记注册地在,法定地址为(以下简称卖方)于1998年10月16日在中国北京订立,双方同意按下述条款买卖下列货物:准确性《乌拉圭回合多边贸易谈判结果法律文本》TheResultsoftheUruguayRoundofMultilateralTradeNegotiations:theLegalTextapplication:适用enforcement:执行implementation:实施operation:运用harm:损害injury:损害seriousprejudice:严重侵害nullify:丧失impair:减损may、shall、should、will、maynot、shallnot等词语的法律内涵a.May:在表示合同上的权利(Right)、权限(Power)或特权(Privilege)的场合中使用。若表示某种权利在法律上具有强制性的时候,更多的是“beentitled”。b.Shall:在合同中并不是单纯的将来时,一般用它来表示法律上可以强制执行的义务(Obligation)。如未履行,即视为违约,并构成某种赔偿责任。所以,shall在译文里,通常表示“应该”或“必须”,当然,也有不翻译的时候。例如:Thepartiesheretoshall,firstofall,settleanydisputearisingfromorinconnectionwiththecontractbyfriendlynegotiations.Shouldsuchnegotiationsfail,suchdisputemaybereferredtothePeople'sCourthavingjurisdictiononsuchdisputeforsettlementintheabsenceofanyarbitrationclauseinthedisputedcontractorindefaultofagreementreachedaftersuchdisputeoccurs.双方首先应通过友好协商,解决因合同而发生的或与合同有关的争议。如果协商未果,合同中又无仲裁条款约定或争议发生后未就仲裁达成协议的,可将争议提交有管辖权的人民法院解决。Thequalityandpricesofthecommoditiestobeexchangedbetweentheex-importersinthetwocountriesshallbeacceptabletobothsides.货物的质量和价格必须使进出口双方都能接受。Theformationofthiscontract,itsvalidity,interpretation,executionandsettlementofthedisputesshallbegovernedbyrelatedlawsofthePeople’sRepublicofChina.本合同的订立、效力、解释、履行和争议的解决均受中华人民共和国法律的管辖。c.Should:在合同中通常只用来表示语气较弱的假设,多翻译成“万一”或“如果”,极少译成“应该”。TheboardmeetingshallbeconvenedandpresidedoverbytheChairman.Shouldthechairmanbeabsent,thevice-Chairmanshall,inprinciple,conveneandpresideovertheboardmeeting.董事会会议应由董事长召集、主持;若董事长缺席,原则上应由副董事长召集、主持。d.Will:一般使用在没有法律强制的情况下,也用做表示承担义务的声明,但语气和强制力比Shall弱。e.Maynot(或shallnot):用于禁止性义务,即“不得做什么”。本协议自签订之日起生效。Thisagreementshallcomeintoforceonandfromthedayofsignature.经友好协商,双方本着互利的原则,XX和YY特签订……合同。Throughfriendlynegotiations,PartyXXandPartyYY,ontheprincipleofmutualbenefits,haveherebyreachedthecontractasfollows:严谨性ShipmentistobemadeonorbeforeMarch31….TheofferremainsinforcetillMay2,2006(inclusive).PartyAShallpaytoPartyBfive(5)percentofthetotalpriceforwork,i.e.sixty-threethousand(63,000)USdollars.RMB2375.00(SAY:RMBTWOTHOUSANDTHREEHUNDREDANDSEVENTYFIVEONLY)大写:人民币贰仟叁佰柒拾伍元整TheTenantshallmakeeveryeffortatalltimesincludingbutnotlimitedtothehoursbetween11:00PMand7:00AMnottoplaynoroperateanymusicalinstruments,intheleasedpremisesasnottocreateadisturbancetoanyoneoutsidethepremisesleasedbytheTenant.承租人须保证不在在租住的房舍内弹奏乐器,特别是晚上11点至次日早晨7点,但不仅限于以上时间,以免干扰房舍周边的居民。(宾馆)12岁以下儿童可免费与父母同住。Noextrachargeforonechildunder12yearsofagesharingsameroomwithparents.一致性关键词语(主要是名词和动词)的译法前后要保持一致,防止同义异译。Article1PartyAshalldelivertoPartyBassoonaspossibleafterthisAgreementbecomeseffective,butinanyeventwithin60daysthereafter,atPartyB’saddresssetforthabove,alltheTechnicalandSalesInformation,relatingtoLicensedProducts.第一条甲方应尽快在本协议生效后,或最迟在本协议生效后六十天内,按上述乙方地址交给乙方有关特许产品的全部技术与销售情报。固定的英译法规名称的英译法:Law;条例:Regulation;规定:provisionsfor办法:Measures;Procedures说明:Explanations(on)决定:Decision草案:Draft修正案:Amendment(to)实施细则:ImplementingRules;RulesforImplementationof暂行规定:InterimProvisions;ProvisionalRegulations试行办法:TrialMeasures管理规定:ProvisionsfortheAdministrationof补充规定/附则:SupplementaryProvisions仲裁不可抗力违约条件/条款争议的解决约束力当事人/各方违反/违背arbitrationforcemajeurebreachthecontracttermsandconditionssettlementofdisputesbindingforcepartiesviolation庄重性Term:Thetermof