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1.annual既可作形容词,意为“每年的;按年度计算的”,也可作名词,意为“年刊;年鉴”。如：I’mplayingintheannualschoolconcertnextFriday.下周五我将在学校一年一度的音乐会上演出。Hehassixweeksannualleave.他一年有六个星期的休假。Birthdayisanannualevent.生日是一年一次的事。Languagepoints将下列句子翻译成英语。1).时装表演是一年一度的大事。2).怀特先生的年薪是两万美元。Fashionshowisanannualevent.Mr.White’sannualsalaryis20,000dollars.2.Ithought,atthetime,thatthiswasjustastorybutthenIwitnesseditwithmyowneyesmanytimes.atthetime“那时候”，位置应在story之后，作时间状语，提前是为了强调，thatthiswasjustastory作thought的宾语。witness★作动词,意为“当场见到;目击;见证”。如：Shewasshockedbytheviolentscenesshehadwitnessed.她被亲眼目睹的暴虐场面惊呆了。Recentyearshavewitnessedagrowingsocialmobility.近年来人们的社会流动性越来越大。★作名词,意为“目击者;证人;证据”，常用于be(a)witnessto/ofsth.(是……的目击者)结构。如：Sheis(a)witnessoftheaccident.她是这起事故的目击者。Hehasbeen(a)witnesstoaterriblemurder.他目击了一起残忍的凶杀事件。Policehaveappealedforwitnessestotheaccident.警方呼吁这起事故的目击者出来作证。3.OntheafternoonIarrivedatthestation,asIwassortingoutmyaccommodation,Iheardaloudnoisecomingfromthebay.在我到达捕鲸场的那个下午,正当我准备膳宿时,我听到一声巨响从海湾传来。1)as强调主从句中谓语动词所表示的动作同时发生。从句表示“随时间推移”连词能用as,不用when或while。Asthedaywenton,theweathergotworse.日子一天天过去,天气越变越坏。as,when和while2)when可表示瞬间、时间段，主从句动作同时发生，也可以先后发生。当从句的动作发生于主句动作之前，只能用when引导这个从句，不可用as或while。Whenyouhavefinishedyourwork,youmayhavearest.3)as,when引导短暂性动作的动词。Justas/Justwhen/WhenIstoppedmycar,amancameuptome.4)while用于同时进行的两个延续性动作相伴发生,常对同类动作进行对比。＊________youhavefinishedyourwork,youmayhavearest.＊____________Istoppedmycar,amancameuptome.＊____thedaywenton,theweathergotworse.＊____________waswalkingdownthestreet,Imetanoldfriend.WhenWhen(As)AsWhen(while)accommodation1)rooms,esp,forlivingin房间，住所2)lodgings,roomsandfood膳宿（常用复数）accommodatev.accommodatingadj.accommodatorn.适应，调节亲切的，易打交道的调节者4.Werandowntotheshoreintimetoseeanenormousanimaloppositeusthrowingitselfoutofthewaterandthencrashingdownagain.我们及时赶到岸边,看到对面一个庞大的动物猛力跃出水面,然后又坠落到水面。opposite是介词，在……对面。如：HesatoppositetoMarionduringthediscussion.讨论的时候，他坐在玛丽安的对面。opposite也可以作形容词，表示“相对的；相反的”，如：ontheoppositesideofthestreet在街的对面drivingintheoppositedirection朝相反的方向行驶与throw相关的短语：throwcoldwateron泼冷水throwoff抛弃，摆脱throwover回棋，变换throwaway浪费，拒绝throwdown打倒，推翻throwup呕吐throwoff,throwout,throwaway,throwdown,throwup1)Thelittlegirl_________herhandstohughermother.2)Tomcan’t__________hiscold.3)Hedrankalot,andhe________onhiswayhome.4)Asayoungman,he_________muchmoney.5)He__________theyoungmanandranaway.threwoutthrowoffthrewupthrewawaythrewdown与outof相关的短语：outofbreath上气不接下气outofdate过时的outofcontrol失控outofquestion可能的outofthequestion不可能的outofrepair失修5.Anotherwhaleryelledout,...Thiswasthecallthatannouncedtherewasabouttobeawhalehunt.yellv.&n.1)叫喊Sheyelledwithsurprisewhenshesawthepresent.2)叫声,喊声Thecrowdletoutayellofdelight.辨析:begoingto,betodo和beabouttobegoingto表示打算或计划做某事或根据某种迹象判断将要发生的事。betodo表示预先安排好的计划或约定。★willdo表不是事先经过考虑的将来动作★begoingto表示打算或计划做某事或根据某种迹象判断将要发生的事。★beto表示预先安排好的计划或约定。★beaboutto表示即将发生的动作，意为“正要,即将”,不与具体的表将来时间的副词或副词性短语连用,但可以与when引导的时间状语连用。Exemple:Iwasjustabout___road___ashipcametous.A.travelingon;whileB.totravelon;whileC.travelingby;whenD.totravelby;whenD◆Don’tgooutnow,we__________havesupper.◆Thewindwentdowntowardsunset.It__________befinetomorrow.◆TheQueen_____visitBeijingnextyear.◆Hissisteris13yearsold,andshe_____be14yearsoldnextyear.areabouttoisgoingtoistowill6.“Comeon,Clancy.Totheboat”,Georgesaidasheranaheadofme.1)表示劝说，不耐烦，催促Comeon,we’llbelateforconcert.2)开始Therainhasjustcomeon.comeon与come相关的短语：comeabout发生comeacross偶然遇见comeforth出来,涌现comeout出版,(花)开comethrough(电话)接通comeup走近,上升cometo总计comeupwith赶上,补充comeabout,comethrough,comeout,comeup,cometo,comeacross1)Thecostofthejourney_______3000yuan.2)Howdidtheaccident___________?3)Whenwillthebook__________?4)I_____________myteacherinthestreetyesterday.5)Theseedshaven’t__________yet.6)Theoldman___________theWorldWarI.comestocomeaboutcomeoutcameacrosscomeupcamethrough7....Georgedidn’tlikebeingkeptwaiting,soeventhoughIdidn’thavetherightclotheson,Iracedafterhim.[考点]beingkeptwaiting是动词-ing形式短语的被动式,在句中作like的宾语。[考例]Atthebeginningofclass,thenoiseofdesks___couldbeheardoutsidetheclassroom.(2007全国卷II)A.openedandclosedB.tobeopenedandclosedC.beingopenedandclosedD.toopenandclose[点拨]①分析句子的结构可知couldbeheard为句子的谓语,从而推断出动词open和close只能用非谓语形式。②动词open和close在desks后面,一起作前面介词of的（复合）宾语,因此要用动词-ing形式,desks是逻辑主语。③在逻辑上,desks是动词open和close表示的动作的承受者,因此要用被动式。[点拨]此句是由“主句+so引导的结果状语从句”构成的主从复合句。主句中含有一个that引导的宾语从句，beingkeptwaiting为动词-ing形式短语的被动式作like的宾语；so引导的结果状语从句中又含有一个eventhough引导的让步状语从句。8.IlookeddownintothewaterandcouldseeOldTomswimmingbytheboat,showingustheway.我低头朝水中看去，看到老汤姆正在船边游着，为我们引路。swimmingbytheboat在句中作宾语补足语，与宾语OldTom存在逻辑上的主谓头系。IsawJackcrossingthestreet.我看见杰克正在穿过街道。9.Afewminuteslater,therewasnoTom,soGeorgestartedbeatingthewaterwithhisoarandtherewasTom,circlingbacktotheboat,leadingustothehuntagain.[点拨]此句也是由“主语+so引导的结果状语从句”构成的主从复合句,且这个从句是由and连接的两个并列分句构成;第二个分句中的circling...和leading...为动词-ing形式短语作第二个分句的伴随状语。10.Heletitgoandtheharpoonhitthespot.Beingbadlywounded,thewhalesoondied.辨析:wound,injury,hurt,harm与damagewound是战斗中刀枪的创伤、伤口Hisbrotherwaswoundedinthatbattle.injury是平时的大小创伤和伤害Hegotseriousinjuriestothelegsatwork.Hegothisfingerinjured.大家注意了！hurt是指精神上