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1(牛津初中英语总复习)8AUnit6一、【精选词汇】重点短语1.naturaldisasters自然灾害(p92)〈知识链接〉nature自然→natural自然的，e.g.①naturalgas天然气②anairdisaster一次空难③Badweathersometimescausesnaturaldisasters.2.beallwet全湿了，全身湿透→wet湿的，dry干的3.heartherain听到雨声〈知识链接〉⑴listen听，指听的动作；hear听到，指听的结果。e.g.Welistenedbutheardnothing.⑵hearof…听说…e.g.①I’veneverheardofsuchaman.②He’sheardofitbefore.⑶hear＋that从句，听说…，Wehearthatthefamousactressdiedlastyear.⑷hearfromsb＝receive/getaletterfromsb＝receivesb’sletter收到某人的信⑸hearsbdosth听到某人做某事→sbbeheardtodosth(注意被动语态中必须带to)hearsbdoingsth听到某人在做某事→sbbehearddoingsth①Iheardherlaugh.我听到她笑了。→Shewasheardtolaughbyme.②Iheardherlaughing.我听到她在笑。→Shewasheardlaughingbyme.4.halfanhourlater半小时后〈知识链接〉sometimelater一段时间以后，用于一般过去时中，用When提问；insometime一段时间以后，用于一般将来时中，用Howsoon提问。〈用法拓展〉⑴—Whendidyouhearthenews?—Notuntilthreedayslater.⑵—HowsoonwillhereturnfromShanghai?—Inaweek.5.mopallthewaterup把所有的水拖干净，mop→mopping→mopped6.losethegame比赛输了→winthegame赢得比赛(p93)7.crashintoatree撞到树上，washthevillageaway冲走村庄8.startabigfire引起一场大火→catchfire着火〈知识链接〉fire在表示具体的火灾实例或炉火时用作可数名词；当fire用作物质名词“火”时为不可数名词。①Therearefewerbigfiresthisyearthanlastyear.②Cottoncatchesfireeasily.③Itwassocoldthattheystartedafireintheroom.9.fallfromatreeandhurtlegs从树上掉下来摔伤了腿(p94)〈知识链接〉⑴falldownfrom…＝falloff…从…上掉下，falldown掉下，fallover向前摔倒，fallinto…掉到…里e.g.Hewassocarelessthathefellintotheriver.⑵hurt→hurting→hurt→hurt①vt.伤…Hehurthisfootbyjumpingoverafence.②vt.伤感情Hiswordshurtme.③vi.(身体部位)痛Myfootstillhurts.10.anearthquakesurvivor一位地震幸存者→survivetheearthquake在地震中幸存211.feelaslightshakingthroughmybody感到一阵轻微的震动传遍全身12.hearaloudnoiselikethunder听到像雷声似的一声巨响13.lookateachotherinfear恐惧地面面相觑〈知识链接〉infear恐惧地，shakewithfear吓得发抖，fearful可怕的，fearless无畏的14.likebombsundertheground像炸弹在地下爆炸15.runinalldirections四处奔跑，runwildly四处逃散16.trymybesttorunouttothestreet拼命跑到街上17.piecesofglassandbricks玻璃片和砖块18.falldown掉下，comedown倒塌，calmdown平静下来19.betrappedin/at/under＋地点，被困在某地，e.g.Hehadnothingtoeatwhenhewastrappedunderit.20.shoutforhelp，screamforhelp大声呼救(p95)21.hearshoutsfromexcitedpeople听到激动的人群的叫喊声〈知识链接〉excited兴奋的；激动的，修饰人。exciting令人兴奋的；令人激动的；扣人心弦的〈用法拓展〉Weareexcitedabouttheexcitingnews.22.weatherreport＝weatherforecast天气预报(p98)23.thelowtemperature最低温度，thehightemperature最高温度(注意不能用tall修饰温度)24.planatriptoTangshan计划去唐山旅游→planatripto…计划去某地旅游25.driveyoutoschoolasusual像往常一样开车送你去上学(p100)26.breakdown出故障；(车辆等)抛锚，ringsomeonetocomeandhelp打电话叫人来帮忙27.makeasnowball堆雪球，makeasnowman堆雪人，playinthesnow在雪地里玩(p101)28.anaccidentreport事故报告，anaccidentreportform事故报告单29.weatherconditions天气状况，numberofvictims受害者人数，conditionsofvictims受害者状况，sendthevictimstohospital把受害者送往医院30.coverthewholeroad覆盖整个路面〈知识链接〉cover⑴n.封面；盖子；e.g.①Putthecoveronthepot.把壶盖盖上。②fromcovertocover(书、杂志等的)从头至尾⑵vt.包括；遮盖；覆盖→becoveredwith…被…覆盖，cover→discover发现，e.g.①Hisdiarycoveredtheyears1990-1995.他的日记记述1990年至1995年的事。②Mothercoveredhimwithablanket.③Thetopofthemountainiscoveredwithsnow.④WhodiscoveredAmericain1492?31.getworse更糟糕，bythen到那时为止(p103)32.callthe110hotlineusinghismobilephone用手机打110热线＝usehismobilephonetocallthe110hotline→The110hotlinereceivedacallfromMrSu.〈知识链接〉dosthusing/withsth＝usesthtodosth用某物做某事33.aheavystormwiththunderandlightning一场雷电交加的暴雨34.removethesnow扫雪(p105)35.shareanumbrellawithher和她共打一把伞→sharesthwithsb336.描述自然灾害的短语：typhoonsignalnumber台风预警号，snowstormwarning暴风雪警报37.rolluptrousers卷起裤子(p106)38.warningn.警告，warnsbofsth警告某人某事，warnsbtodosth警告某人做某事→否定式：warnsbnottodosth或warnsbagainstdoingsth警告某人不做某事，warnsb＋that从句〈知识链接〉⑴Igavehimawarning.⑵Hewarnedmeofthedanger.⑶Hewarnedmenotgothere.＝Hewarnedmeagainstgoingthere.⑷Iwarnedhimthatitwasdangerous.39.theterriblesituationaftertheearthquake地震后的可怕情景(p107)〈用法拓展〉situation形势；情况，e.g.thepresenteconomicsituation，situationcomedy情景喜剧40.giveoutfoodandcleandrinkingwatertothelocalpeople给当地人发放食物和清洁的饮用水词汇解析1.表示天气变化的形容词：天气名词＋y或－e＋y或双写末尾字母→天气形容词名词形容词名词形容词名词形容词sunsunnywindwindystormstormyfogfoggyrainrainysnowsnowyfrostfrostyiceicycloudcloudy表示天气变化还可以使用warm,hot,cool,cold…2.condition⑴状态；健康状态e.g.Alltheplayersareingoodcondition.⑵状况(常用复数conditions)e.g.Undertheseconditionswehavetogiveuptheplan.⑶条件；必要条件e.g.①livingcondition生活条件②Healthisoneoftheconditionsofsuccessinlife.3.terrible可怕的→terribly非常地；很＝very，e.g.①I’mterriblysorry—didIhurtyou?非常抱歉，我伤着您了吗？②Imissherterribly.我非常思念她。注意：terrific极好的，绝妙的二、【重点句型】1.TheearthquakeinTaiwankilledthousandsofpeople.(p93)〈知识链接〉该句还可以说成ThousandsofpeoplediedintheearthquakeinTaiwan.thousandsof…数千…，manythousandsof…成千上万…，tensofthousandsof数以千计…，fivethousand五千。像hundred,thousand,million,billion这些基数词之前有数词修饰时，不能使用复数hundreds,thousands,millions,billions，因此没有twohundreds等这种用法。thousandsof之前不能使用基数词修饰，不能说sixthousandsof。类似的有：hundredsof…数百…，manyhundredsof成百上千…，millionsof…，manymillionsof…2.AmomentoffearwentthroughmymindbutItoldmyselftocalmdownsinceIwasstillalive.我的脑中掠过一阵恐惧，但我告诉自己要镇定下来，因为我仍然活着。〈知识链接〉⑴alive活着的，作表语，反义词dead，catch…alive活捉。①Isthatdogaliveordead?②Theyfoundhimalive.③Hecaughtabearalive.⑵live活生生的，反义词dead，作定语。Haveyoueverseenalivewhale?3.Ithoughtsomebodycouldhearmebutnoonecameforalongtime.4我原以为有人能听到我，可是很久没人来。〈知识链接〉⑴Sbthoughtthat…某人原以为…，e.g.Ididn’tknowyouwerehere.Ithoughtyouhadgonet