AbriefintroductionofChineseValentine'sDay201003021504英师5班郑彦妮SaintValentine'sDay•Introduction•Origins•Tales•Customs•Otherrelatedthings•ConclusionOrigins•“七夕”最早来源于人们对自然的崇拜。东晋葛洪的《西京杂记》最早的关于乞巧的记载•“七夕”也来源古代人们对时间的崇拜。七”与“期”同音,月和日均是“七”,给人以时间感。•“七夕”又是一种数字崇拜现象,古代民间把正月正、三月三、五月五、七月七、九月九再加上预示成双的二月二和三的倍数六月六这“七重”均列为吉庆日。Introduction☻Thelegendhasbeenhandeddownfornearly2millennia.[mɪ'leniə]ThestoryhasbeenrecordedasfarbackastheJinDynasty(256-420AD).☻DoubleSeventhDayisthemostromanticChinesetraditionalfestival,anditisacustomthatpeoplesittogetherintheopenairtoseethetwostars,AltairandVegaintheskythatday.(七夕节是我国众多传统节日中最具浪漫色彩的一个节日,不少习俗活动或已弱化或消失,惟有象征忠贞爱情的牛郎织女的传说,一直流传民间。)Itroduction☻“七夕”节又叫乞巧节,最早起源于汉代。是指我国农历七月初七这一天,也称“双七节”。节俗是晒经书及衣裳,向双星乞愿和穿针乞巧。如果真要将七夕节赋予一种通俗的叫法儿,应该是“中国女儿节”。之所以当今社会将七夕节视为“情人节”,可能是源于牛郎织女的浪漫凄美的爱情故事。Tales•ZhiNuwassaidtobetheyoungestofsevendaughtersoftheQueenofHeaven.Withhersisters,sheworkedhardtoweavebeautifulcloudsinthesky.•NiuLangwasapoororphancowherd,drivenoutofhishomebyhiselderbrother.Tales☻牛郎在老牛帮助下认识了织女,二人互生情意,织女偷偷下凡,做了牛郎的妻子。牛郎和织女结婚后,男耕女织,情深意重,他们生了一男一女两个孩子,一家人生活得很幸福。Tales•但是好景不长,这事很快便让天帝知道,王母娘娘亲自下凡来,强行把织女带回天上,恩爱夫妻被拆散。Tales•牛郎追织女,王母娘娘拔下金簪,一道天河就出现了,牛郎和织女被隔在两岸。他们感动了喜鹊,喜鹊飞来,搭成鹊桥,牛郎织女在鹊桥相会.Tales☻Thatis,onthatday,NiuLangandZhiNuwillmeetonabridgeofmagpies(鹊桥)acrosstheMilkyWay(银河).Chinesegrannieswillremindchildrenthattheywouldnotbeabletoseeanymagpies['mægpɚɪz]onthateveningbecauseallthemagpieshavelefttoformabridgeintheheavenswiththeirwings.Tales•后来,每到农历七月初七,相传牛郎织女鹊桥相会的日子,姑娘们就会来到花前月下,抬头仰望星空,寻找银河两边的牛郎星Aquila和织女星Vega,希望能看到他们一年一度的相会,乞求上天能让自己能象织女那样心灵手巧,祈祷自己能有如意称心的美满婚姻,由此形成了七夕节。Customs•穿针乞巧Needlework•为牛庆生Tocelebratethecow'sbirthday•拜织女Worshipvega•吃巧果eattingcakesCustoms☻Intheevening,peoplesitoutdoorstoobservethestars.Chinesegrannieswouldsaythat,ifyoustandunderagrapevine葡萄架['ɡreɪpvaɪn],youcanprobablyoverhearwhatZhiNuandNiuLangaretalkingabout.Customs☻UnlikeSt.Valentine'sDayinWesterncountries,thereisnotsomuchemphasisongivingchocolates,flowersandkisses.Instead,Chinesegirlspreparefruits,melonsandincense(熏香)asofferingstoZhiNu,theweavingmaiden未婚女子['meɪdn],prayingtoacquirehighskillsinneedlecraft(裁缝),aswellashopingtofindsatisfactoryhusbands.陕西扎巧姑•陕西黄土高原地区,在七夕节的夜晚也有举行各种乞巧活动的风俗,妇女们往往要结扎穿花衣的草人,谓之巧姑,不但要供瓜果,还栽种豆苗、青葱,在七夕之夜各家女子都手端一碗清水,剪豆苗、青葱,放入水中,用看月下投物之影来占卜巧拙之命,还穿针走线,竞争高低。同时还举行剪窗花比巧手的活动。广西七夕储水•广西某些地区有七夕储水的习俗,认为双七水洗浴能消灾除病,体弱多病的孩子,也常在此日将红头绳结七个结,戴在脖子上,祈求健康吉祥。胶东拜七姐神•胶东地区,多于七夕拜七姐神。年轻妇女穿上新装,欢聚一堂,于庭中盟结七姐妹,口唱歌谣:“天皇皇,地皇皇,俺请七姐姐下天堂。不图你针,不图你线,光学你七十二样好手段。”不少地方还制作“巧花”,少女们用面粉制牡丹、莲、梅、兰、菊等带花的饼馍食品(或称巧果),还有巧菜,即于酒盅中培育麦芽(此即宋代的“种生”),用巧果、巧菜来祭祀织女。中国西南——染指甲•染指甲系流传在中国西南一带的七夕习俗,四川省诸多县志以及贵州、广东两地,也有此风。许多地区的年轻姑娘,喜欢在节日时用树的液浆兑水洗头发,传说不仅可以年青美丽,而且对未婚的女子,还可以尽快找到如意郎君。用花草染指甲也是大多数女子与儿童们,在节日娱乐中的一种爱好,也与生育信仰有密切的关系。Well-knownpoem•鹊桥仙宋•秦观•织云弄巧•飞星传恨•银汉迢迢暗度•金风玉露一相逢•便胜却人间无数•柔情似水•佳期如梦•忍顾鹊桥归路•两情若是久长时•又岂在朝朝暮暮FairyOfTheMagpieBridge•Amongthebeautifulclouds,•Overtheheavenlyriver,•Crossestheweavingmaiden.•Anightofrendezvous,•Acrosstheautumnsky.•Surpassesjoyonearth.•Momentsoftenderloveanddream,•Sosadtoleavethemagpiebridge.•Eternallovebetweenustwo,•Shallwithstandthetimeapart.(TranslatedbyKylieHsu)Relatedwords(1)中国农历第七个月的第七个夜晚theseventheveningoftheseventhmonthonChineselunarcalendar(2)中国的情人节ChineseValentine'sDay(3)双七节DoubleSevenFestival(4)喜鹊节MagpieFestival(5)七夕节QixiFestival/ChineseValentine'sDay(6)月老庙matchmakertemples(7)鹊桥abridgeofmagpies(8)银河theMilkyWay(9)织女星Vega(10)牛郎星/牵牛星Altair(11)牛郎和织女NiuLangandZhiNu/CowherdandtheWeaverMaid(12)王母娘娘theQueenofHeaven(13)玉皇大帝theEmperorofHeaven(14)民间故事ChinesefolktalesWhatcanwelearn☻ComparedwithlovestoriesinWesternlegends,thestoryofNiuLangandZhiNuseemsnotasintenseorpassionate.☻Lovedoesn'tkillorbreakupthebarrierbetweenthem.Theyjustwaitpatientlyontheriverbank,believingthattheirlovecanwithstandtheirtimeapart.☻Weshouldcarryforwardourtraditions.