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从Para.3中找出Havingdone作状语的句子1.Havingworkedhardallday,Iwenttobedearly.2.HavingexperiencedquiteafewearthquakesinHawaiialready,Ididn’ttakemuchnotice.1.Ihadworkedhardallday,soIwenttobedearly.2.IhadexperiencedquiteafewearthquakesinHawaiialready,soIdidn’ttakemuchnotice.原因状语Havingdone___________主动，进行_______被动,完成_____________将来；目的_______________强调动作先发生beingdonetobedonehavingbeendone非谓语动词todo/doing/done/havingdonehavingdonetododonedoing1.看主语，辨主被动2.看时态，辨动作先后顺序1.________manytimes,buthestillcouldn'tunderstandit.2.________manytimes,hestillcouldn'tunderstandit.A.HavingbeentoldB.ToldC.HehadbeentoldD.Thoughhehadbeentold3.______fromspace,theearthlooksblue.4.______fromspace,wecanseetheearthisblue.A.SeenB.SeeingC.ToseeD.See5.Thebuilding______nowwillbearestaurant.6.Thebuilding______nextyearwillbearestaurant.7.Thebuilding______lastyearisarestaurant.A.havingbeenbuiltB.tobebuiltC.beingbuiltD.builtCA/DABCBD-ing分词的构成-ing分词是由动词原形加词尾-ing构成，表示与主语主动关系。-ing分词同样有时态和语态的变化，通常有下表几种形式（以do为例）主动形式被动形式一般式doingbeingdone完成式havingdonehavingbeendone，完成所表示的时间在主句的动作之前表示被动可直接用过去分词V+ed-ing分词的一般式和完成式：-ing分词的一般式的动作表示和后面句子的动作是同时进行的动作；完成式的动作是先于后面句子的动作发生。如：Beingastudent,hewasinterestedinbooks.作为一个学生，他对书本很感兴趣。Nothavingstudiedhislessonsveryhard,hefailedtheexaminations.因为没有努力学习功课，他考试不及格。-ing分词的否定形式是由not/never加-ing分词构成。如：Notknowinghisaddress,Icoulddonothingbutstayathomeandwait.不知道他的地址，我只好在家里等着。-ing分词的被动式-ing分词的被动式表示与后面句子的主语是被动关系。根据-ing分词动作发生的时间，被动式有一般被动式(beingdone)和完成被动式(havingbeendone)。如：（Havingbeencriticized）bytheteacher,hegaveupsmoking.被老师批评以后，他把烟戒了。现在分词作状语现在分词作状语往往和逻辑主语之间存在主动关系。现在分词作状语，常常用来表示原因、时间、方式、结果、条件、伴随状况等。现在分词一般不用作表目的的状语（通常用不定式表目的的状语）。-ing分词短语作时间状语，相当于一个时间状语从句。注意：1现在分词所表示的动作与主句的动作一般是同时发生有时可由连词when,while引出。2现在分词所表示的动作一发生，主句的动作就立即发生时，现在分词一般位于句首。如：Whilereadingthebook,henoddedfromtimetotime.他一边看书，一边不时地点头。Seeingthosepictures,sherememberedherchildhood.看到那些画，她想起了她的童年。WhenIwaswalkinginthestreet,Icameacrossanoldfriendofmine.Walkinginthestreet,Icameacrossanoldfriendofmine.Whilehewaswaitingforthebus,hereadacopyofChinaDaily.)Whilewaitingforthebus,hereadacopyofChinaDaily.1）表时间状语2)表原因状语（相当于一个原因状语从句）Beingill,hedidn’tgotoschool.1.(=ashewasill,hedidn’tgotoschool.)Beingastudent,youshouldstudyhard.(=Sinceyouareastudent,youshouldstudyhard.）2.既然你是一个学生，你就应该努力学习。3.由于想到他或许在家，所以我就给他打了电话。Thinkinghemightbeathome,Icalledhim.(AsIthoughthemightbeathome,Icalledhim.)3)表方式、伴随情况的状语：作伴随状语地分词表示的动作，必须是主语的一个动作，或是与谓语所表示的动作（或状态）同时发生，或是对谓语表示的动作（或状态）作进一步地补充说明。Eg.Hesatonthesofa,watchingTV.(=HesatonthesofaandwatchedTV.)他们笑着谈着走进了教室。__________________,theywentintotheclassroom.他斜靠(lean)着墙站着。He_______________________thewall.(＝Hestoodandleanedagainstthewall.)Laughingandtalkingstoodleaningagainst4)表结果Eg.Hermotherdiedin1990,leavingherwithheryoungerbrother.(=Hermotherdiedin1990,andleftherwithheryoungerbrother.)全国到处在传唱这首歌曲，使它成了一首最受欢迎的歌曲。Thesongissungalloverthecountry,__________________________________.makingitthemostpopularsong5)表条件Usingyourhead,youwillfindaway.(=Ifyouuseyourhead,youwillfindaway.)一直往前走，你就会看到一座白色地房子。______________,youwillseeawhitehouse.Walkingahead1.Havingnotseenthefilm,Ican’ttellyouwhatIthinkofit.2.Themenworkedforextrahoursgotanextrapay.3.Seenfromthetopofthehill,wefindthecitymorebeautiful.4.Generallyspeak,facialexpressionsarehelpfulcommunications,too.NothavingworkingSeeingspeaking单句改错5.“Can’tyouread?”themansaid,angrilypointedtothenoticeonthewall.6.Knockingatthedoorbeforeentering,please.7.Europeanfootballisplayedin80countries,madeitthemostpopularsportintheworld.pointingKnockmaking(6)与逻辑主语构成独立主格：Iwaitingforthebus,abirdfellonmyhair.我等汽车时，一只鸟落到我头上。Alltheticketshavingbeensoldout,theywentawaydisappointedly.所有的票已经卖光了，他们失望地离开了。Timepermitting,we'lldoanothertwoexercises.如果时间允许，我们将做另两个练习。有时也可用with(without)+名词（代词宾格）+分词形式Withthelightsburning,hefellasleep.他点着灯睡着了。独立成分：有些分词短语可以做独立成分，用来解释整个句子，不受句子主语的限制。常见的分词短语有：generally(frankly,honestly…)speaking,supposing(假设),judgingfrom(从…判断),talkingof（谈到),speakingof（谈到）等。Generallyspeaking,girlsaremorecarefulthanboys.Supposingyoulose,whatwillyoudo?Judgingfromhisaccent,hemustbefromthenorth.Talkingoftravel,haveyoueverbeentoBeijing?1、分词(短语)作状语时,前后两个动作的主语是同一个人。2、分词短语做状语时，前面可以加上连词或介词，但是分词短语和句子之间不能用并列连词(如but，and)，分词和主句之间可用逗号。使用-ing形式需注意的4个问题.3、用V+ing一般式还是Having+done完成式，要看前后两个动作有没明显的先后顺序，在可能引起误解的场合应该用完成式现在分词表示先发生的动作。4、分词的否定形式是在分词短语前面加上not,never等否定词构成。Afterheheardastrongsound,hewentoutoftheroomforalook.=Havingheardastrangesound,hewentoutof….Asthegirlwasseriouslyill,shewastakentohospitalimmediately.Beingseriouslyill,thegirlwastakento….be-beingAsshedidn’tknowanyFrench,shecouldn’tgetanyonetohelpher.NotknowinganyFrench,shecouldn’tgetanyonetohelpher.Consolidation1.Thesecretaryworkedlateintothenight,_____alongspeechforthepresident.A.toprepareB.preparingC.preparedD.waspreparing2.Europeanfootballisplayedin80countries,______itthemostpopularsportintheworld.A.makingB.makesC.madeD.tomake3.”Can’tyouread?”Marysaid______tothenotice.A.angrilypointingB.andpointangrilyC.angrilypointedD.andangrilypointing4.______areply,hedecidedtowriteagain.A.NotreceivingB.ReceivingnotC.NothavingreceivedD.Havi