牛津初中英语中考第一轮复习语法讲解-介词

Prepositions牛津初中英语第一轮复习语法系列讲解3：介词专项复习介词一.表示时间介词三.表示方位介词二.表示地点介词四.表示方法、手段五.常见介词的搭配prepositiontimeplacemovementusages介词+名./代.(宾格)/动词-ing2010Marchspringthemorningthefuture7.30nighttheageof19first/lastthemomentMondayMarch5March5th,2010MondaymorningholidayChildren’sDayinonatPrepositionsoftime时间介词Conclusion:总结•表示较长时间如：世纪、年代、年份、月份、季节、上午/下午/晚上以及一些习惯用法中要用介词in。inthe19thcentury;2010;March;spring;themorning;thefuture•表示某一时间点如：钟点、节日、年龄、中午/夜晚/子夜、就餐时间或其它的习惯用法中要用at。at7.30;theageof19;noon/night/midnight;lunchtime;first/last；atChristmasonMonday;March5th;March5th,2010;Children’sDay;acoldmorning;holiday•表示某一天或者特定的时间如：星期、某月某日、某年某月某日、含Day的节日、有修饰上午/下午/晚上以及一些习惯用法中要用介词on。1.MaryisflyingtoFrancesoon.ShewillarriveinParis___themorningofJuly9.A.onB.inC.at2.Thetwinswereborn__aFridayevening.A.inB.onC.at3.WetravelledovernighttoParisandarrived__5o’clock__themorning.A.on,inB.at,inC.at,in4.Wefinishourlessons___11:30andthenhavearest__noon.A.in,inB.at,atC.in,at2.1.MrBrownhasgonetoCanada.Hewillbeback___twoweeks.A.forB.afterC.in2.Ourmanagercameback___anhour.A.inB.afterC.at3.Theyhavebeenhere__anhour.A.forB.afterC.in在……之后（内）用于将来时in+时间段在……之后用于过去时after+时间段3.for+时段since+时段+agosince+时间点since+一般过去时句子常用于现在完成时1.Hecamehere__1992,andhehaslivedhere___1992.A.in,forB.in,sinceC.since,since2.IhaveknownLiLei__overfiveyears.A.inB.sinceC.for3.Ithasbeenthreeyearssincehe__here.A.comeB.cameC.comes4.Theoldmanhasbeenaway___twoyearsago.A.inB.sinceC.for5.Theyhaven’tseenAlice______lastyear.6.AlicehasbeeninWonderland______onemonth.sincefor4.before在……之前by到……时为止,不迟于……1.Hewon’tcomeback___five.A.beforeB.afterC.by2.Theworkmustbefinished__Friday.A.atB.byC.after3.Wehadthreemeetings___lastFriday.A.inB.beforeC.by•表示持续一段时间用介词for:for＋段时间•表示“自……以来”,从过去某一时刻到现在,用介词since,用于现在完成时。•表示从一点时间到另一点时间的一个阶段用介词from…to…。•表示“在……的期间”要用介词during,during表示在特定的时间里。•表示某动作或者状态延续到某一时间终止,用介词till/until。until可用于句首,而till通常不用于句首,不可延续的则用not…untilConclusion:1.Alice______gotobed_______11p.m.lastnight2.Waithere______therainstops.3.______getoffthebus____itstops.untiluntildidn’tuntilDon’t1.Theyoftenhaveparties______Christmas.2.TheyplantogotoHainan______vacation.3.______themorning______March31,shemadeanimportantdecisioninherlife.Fillintheblanks:atonOn4.______thelifetime,HepburnearnedfourmoreOscarnominations.5.Ithasrained______thedaybeforeyesterday.6.ItwasaverylongdayforJack.Hedidn’tgethomefromschool______sixo’clock.sinceDuringuntilof二.地点介词1.on在……的上面,与表面接触over在……的正上方,不接触表面under在……下面(是on,over的反义词)1.Look!Thereisabridge__theriver.A.onB.overC.above2.Canyouseetheegg___theplate?A.onB.inC.over3.Thelight__usisverybright.A.overB.underC.on2.above在……上方below在……下方,是above的反义词1.Thetemperaturewillfall__zeroatnight.A.belowB.aboveC.over2.Suddenlythereisaloudvoice___thetree.A.belowB.aboveC.on3.Thereisaclockonthewall.It’s___theblackboard.A.onB.inC.above4.Aroadis___ourcityandthereismuchtraffic___it.A.on,overB.above,onC.over,on5.Thesunrose___thehorizon(地平线).A.onB.aboveC.over注意:on接触平面over在平面的正上方above在上方3.in+大地方at+小地方on+门牌，某层楼1.Myunclelive___F12__thefifthfloor.A.at,onB.in,onC.on,at2.Theyarrived___Beijingat12:00andwaitedforabus___thestationtothehotel.A.at,inB.in,onC.in,at4.in里面，排、行、组on左、右边at前、后部1.Weare__TeamOne.Isit__thefrontoftheclassroom.LiPingis___myleft.A.on,in,atB.in,in,atC.in,at,on2.Ihaveagoodseat.Isit__thebus.A.inthefrontofB.infrontof3.Theteacherisstanding___ourclassandgiveatalk.A.inthefrontofB.infrontof•infrontof是在物体外部的前面例如:教室前有个花园。e.g.Thereisagardeninfrontoftheclassroom.•inthefrontof是在物体内部的前面例如:教室前有张桌子。e.g.Thereisadeskinthefrontoftheclassroom.•Therearesomeapples______thedesk.•Thereisabridge______theriver.•Sandylives____thegroundfloor.Daniellivesonthethirdfloor.Daniellivestwofloors______Sandy.onoveraboveon•at一般指小地方；in一般指大地方或某个范围内。•over,above和on均表示“在……上面”,over反义词是under;above反义词是below;on指两个物体表面有接触。•infrontof表示“在……前面”,其反义词是behind;inthemiddleof表示“在……的中间”。•between表示在两者之间,among表示“在……中”数目为三者或三者以上,around表示围绕在四周。•beside表示“在旁边”,inside表示“在……内”,outside表示“在……外”。Conclusion:•near/by/nextto表示“在……旁边”。•opposite表示“在……对面”。1.Marysits________(在……附近)thewindow.2.Sheissitting_______(在……中间)BettyandTom.3.YaoMingisapopularbasketballplayer________(在……之中)theChinesepeople.4.Ourteacherisstanding_________(在……前面)theblackboard.Fillintheblanks:betweenamongnear/infrontofby5.Myteachersaystheearthmoves_______(围绕)thesun.6.Thereisashop_________(在……对面)ourschool.aroundopposite1.in在某范围之内to在某范围之外on与某地相邻、接壤1.Chinalies___theeastofAsiaand___thenorthofAustralia.A.in,onB.in,toC.to,in2.Mongoliais___thenorthofChina.A.inB.onC.to三.方位介词•三组表示位置关系的介词比较•Bis___theeastofA.•Dis___theeastofA.•Cis___theeastofA.1.Japanis___theeastofAsia.2.Japanis___theeastofChina.3.Koreais___thenortheastofChina.northsouthwesteastABCDintoonintoonTask3:Runquickly!throughacrossupdownoverround四、Prepositionsofmovement运动介词横穿从内部穿过cross表面穿过through中间穿过1.Thesunshinecomeintotheroom___thewindow.A.acrossB.throughC.past2.Youcango___theroadhere.A.acrossB.throughC.past3.Canyouswim____theriver.A.acrossB.throughC.past•up表示“向上”,其反义词down表示“向下”。•along表示“沿着”。•into表示进入的过程;onto为放上去的过程;outof为“在……外部”。•over表示“越过,跨过”。Conclusion:•from表示“从,自”;to表示