22.海洋工程环境学(0510)

海洋工程环境学EnvironmentalMechanicsofOceanEngineering7.海洋结构物设计7.1设计条件•功能与规模•总体布置•位置与方位•交通与通讯•物资器材供应•防火与灭火•防公害•防碰撞•耐候性1)使用条件7.海洋结构物设计7.1设计条件•水深与地形•潮位•风•波浪•海流•降雨和降雪•海冰•地震•海生物繁衍2)自然条件7.海洋结构物设计7.2设计程序•各种环境因素引起的荷载•不同环境因素联合作用引起的荷载1)确定外部荷载安全系数理论计算经验与试验规范与规则7.海洋结构物设计7.2设计程序•国外海洋结构物设计建造规范与规则1)确定外部荷载美国石油学会API挪威船级社DNV英国能源部BED7.海洋结构物设计7.2设计程序•稳性•运动特性•系泊特性•迁航特性•营运特性2)确定基本性能生存状态作业状态各种环境条件7.海洋结构物设计7.2设计程序•稳性•运动特性•系泊特性•迁航特性•营运特性2)确定基本性能计算机计算程序系统模型试验数值与物理模拟7.海洋结构物设计7.2设计程序•安全性•稳定性•可靠性•寿命预测•腐蚀防护3)结构分析局部结构分析整体结构分析静力分析动力分析7.海洋结构物设计7.2设计程序•安全性•稳定性•可靠性•寿命预测•腐蚀防护3)结构分析计算机计算系统物理模拟试验7.海洋结构物设计7.2设计程序4)总体布置•舱室布置•设备布置•通道布置•配载设施布置•作业空间布置•防灾与逃生设施布置•靠泊与连接设施布置•环保设施布置•通信联络装备布置规范规则实践经验7.海洋结构物设计7.2设计程序5)施工设计•材料使用•设备选型•施工流程与方法•监测与检验•进度保证•安全施工•生产管理•交工试验规范规则实践经验7.海洋结构物设计7.3典型海洋结构物简介1)LIUHUA11-1,SOUTHCHINASEA,CHINATheLiuhua11-1oilfieldis,todate,thelargestoilfieldintheSouthChinaSeaandthereservoirislocatedin1,000ft(300m)ofwater.Thesemi-submersibledrillingrig,purchasedinSeptember1993.TheFPSOsupportstheprocessingequipmentnecessarytohandleupto5,000bblofoiland300,000bbloftotalfluidsperday.bblbarrel桶(液量单位,英国为163.5升,美国为119升)7.海洋结构物设计7.3典型海洋结构物简介2)LUFENG22-1,SOUTHCHINASEA,CHINATheLufeng22-1oilfieldlies250kmsouth-eastofHongKongintheSouthChinaSea,in333mofwater.NavionMuninismooredusingthesubmergedturretsystemoriginallydesignedforshuttle-tankerloading.TheshuttletankerNavionMunin,onlocationattheLufengfield.7.海洋结构物设计7.3典型海洋结构物简介3)MALAMPAYA,SOUTHCHINASEA,PHILIPPINESTheMalampayafieldislocated80kmoffthecoastofPalawanIsland.InAugust1998,ShellPhilippinesExplorationBVawardedBrown&RootaUS$432milliondesign,procurement,fabrication,installationandcommissioningcontract.ThematingoftheintegratedtopsidefacilitiesandthegravitybasestructureoftheMalampayaplatform.Theconcretegravitystructureispermanentlyballastedbyplacing75,000tofironoreinitsopencells.7.海洋结构物设计7.3典型海洋结构物简介4)WESTSENO,MAKASSARSTRAIT,INDONESIALyinginwaterdepthsof2,400ftto3,400ft,theWestSenofieldisIndonesia'sfirstdeepwaterdevelopment.Thefirsttensionlegplatform,TLPA,wasinstalledinFebruary2003.Thefloatingproductionunit,located500mfromTLPA,isaspread-mooredbargelyingin3,200ftofwater.7.海洋结构物设计7.3典型海洋结构物简介5)TUIAREAOILPROJECT,TARANAKIBASIN,NEWZEALANDThreeoilfields-Tui,AmokuraandPatekereserveslocatedinPEP38460,theoffshoreTaranakibasin,NewZealand-arebeingdevelopedinphasesundertheTuiAreaOilProject.ThedrillingoperationincludesusingtheOceanPatriotfordrillinguptothreeexplorationwellsintheoffshoreTaranakibasin.FourwellswillbeconnectedtoanFPSOaspartoftheTuiAreaOilProject.7.海洋结构物设计7.3典型海洋结构物简介6)ÅSGARD,NORTHSEANORTHERN,NORWAYÅsgardliesontheHaltenbankintheNorwegianSea,about200kmfrommid-Norwayand50kmsouthofStatoil'sHeidrunfield.TheappraisalwellontheÅsgardfield,withtheflaresysteminoperation.TheÅsgardAFPSOmeasures278minlengthandhasadisplacementof184,300t.7.海洋结构物设计7.3典型海洋结构物简介7)LLANO,GULFOFMEXICO,USALlanoislocatedintheGulfofMexico,inGardenBanksblocks385and386,approx.200milessouthwestofNewOrleansinaround2,600ftofwater.TheLlanofield,discoveredin1998,istiedbacktotheAugerTensionLegPlatform(TLP).AllflowlineinstallationactivitieswereperformedbytheDerrickBargeNo.50(DB50)utilizingJ-Layinstallationmethods.7.海洋结构物设计7.3典型海洋结构物简介8)BIJUPIRAANDSALEMAFIELDS,CAMPOSBASIN,BRAZILBijupiraandSalemaarelocated250kmeastofRiodeJaneiro.ThefieldsareoperatedbyEnterprise(55%)onbehalfofOdebrecht(25%)andPetrobras(20%).Theyrangeinwaterdepthsbetween1,575ftand2,900ft.TheYorktowncarryingoutdrillingoperations.TheTosiaPerseuswhichwillbeusedinthelayingoftheflexiblepipe.