墨西哥湾漏油事件英文演讲PPT

OnApril20,2010,anexplosionoccurredonthesemi-submersibleoffshoredrillingrigDeepwaterHorizonintheGulfofMexico,killing11rigworkersandinjuring17others.OnApril20,2010,methanegasfromthewellunderhighpressureshotupandoutofthedrillcolumnmarineriser,expandedontotheplatform,andthenignitedandexploded.Afterburningforapproximately36hours,theDeepwaterHorizonsankonthemorningofApril22,2010.ThisimagefromvideoprovidedbyBPPLCearlyThursdaymorning,June10,2010showsoilcontinuingtopouroutatthesiteoftheDeepwaterHorizonoilwellintheGulfofMexico.SpillareaTheenvironmentaleffectsofthisspillarealreadymoredynamicthananythingeverseenbeforeinUShistory.Economically,theoilspillhasalreadytakenatremendoustollonBPandtheUnitedStatesandwillcontinuetodosoasreliefeffortsforoilcleanupandenvironmentalrestorationcontinues.Thespillthreatensenvironmentaldisasterduetofactorssuchaspetroleumtoxicityandoxygendepletion.Morethan400speciesliveintheislandsandmarshlandsatrisk.Theoilpenetratesupthestructureoftheplumageofbirds,reducingitsinsulatingability,andsomakingthebirdsmorevulnerabletotemperaturefluctuationsandmuchlessbuoyant(浮力)inthewater.MostbirdsaffectedbyanoilspilldieunlessthereishumaninterventionMarinemammalsexposedtooilspillsareaffectedinsimilarwaysasseabirds.OilcoatsthefurofSeaottersandseals,reducingitsinsulation(绝缘)abilitiesandleadingtobodytemperaturefluctuationsandhypothermia(低温).ApodofBottlenosedolphinsswimundertheoilywater,Louisiana,Thursday,May6,2010intheGulfofMexico.Whilevisibledamagetoshorelineshasbeenminimaltodateastheoilhasspreadslowly,thesceneremains,inthewordsofPresidentObama,apotentiallyunprecedentedenvironmentaldisaster.AsthegraduallyemergingofnegativeeffectonU.S.economicrecovery,theU.S.publicismoreworriedaboutitsimpactfurtherspread.Obamasaidinaspeechonthe4th,oilspillthatcouldmaketheU.S.economyfaceasudden,costlycrisis.Hesaidthegovernmentwouldexploremoreopportunitiestocreatejobs,supporttheGulfCoastregion'seconomy,meanwhilehesaiditwillbeamajorchallenge.EconomicimpactAffectedbytheGulfofMexicooilspillBPsharesfallagainBourgeois,whooperatestencharterboatsandtwofishinglodges,isoneofanas-yetunknownnumberofindividualsandbusinessownerswhoareimpactedbytheBPoilspillintheGulfofMexicoAfterthespilling,helosehisjob,whilehewastrainedtocleanuptheseaoilTrainingtheunemployedfishermencleanoilItwillbeawhilebeforethespill'sfulleconomicimpactisknownand,infact,thespillishavingdifferenteffectsondifferentindustries.There'snodenyingtheimpactontheseafoodandfishingindustries,mainstaysofthesouthLouisianaeconomy,whereoperatorshaveseenadramaticfalloffinwork.Health-careworkersandthegeneralpublicalikecouldfacerisksbyinhalingvariouscomponentsofcrudeoil,allofwhichmaycausecancer.Short-termeffectsincludeskinandrespiratoryproblems,whilelonger-termrisksareuncertain.Somepeoplealongthecoastarealreadyreportingheadaches,nausea,coughingandthroatirritation.CleanupBP,whichwasleadingthecleanup,initiallyemployedremotelyoperatedunderwatervehicles,700workers,4airplanesand32vesselstocontaintheoil.onApril28,theUSmilitaryannounceditwasjoiningthecleanupoperation.ByApril30,PresidentBarackObamaannouncedthathehaddispatchedtheAdministratoroftheEnvironmentalProtectionAgencyandtheNationalOceanicandAtmosphericAdministrationtotheGulfCoasttoassesthedisaster.1、AftertheoilleakinginGulfofMexico,firstlyBPhastriedtousesub-searobots,operatingat5,000feetbelowthesurface,toengagetheblowoutpreventerandturnofftheflow.Witheachdaythatpasses,thechanceofthisworkingwouldseemtogodown.AcontrolledburnoftheoilintheGulfofMexicoonMay192、InMay28,toavoidtheoilspillspreadingtheUS.decidedtocollecttheoilonthesurfaceandburnit.3.Then,cleanupofficialshavebeguntodeploychemicaldispersants(化学分散剂)onthewater'ssurfacetobreakdowntheoil.There'sjustoneproblem:Theproductcontainstoxicchemicaldispersantscankillfishandotherwildlife--exactlytheproblemthatthedispersantsaretryingtoprevent.4.Thenthereistheunderwaterdomeidea.BPengineersareattemptingtobuildamassiveunderwaterdome(圆顶)totrapoilandpreventitfromrisingtothesurface.However,itdidn’twork.