unit4 astronomy

1.____________n.系统;体系;制度______________adj.系统的;有系统的______________adv.系统地;有系统地systematicallysystemsystematic(al)单词拓展(A)单词派生2._________n.谜;难题v.(使)迷惑__________adj.困惑的___________adj.令人困惑的3._________vi.存在；生存__________adj.存在的；生存的___________n.存在；生存existencepuzzlepuzzledpuzzlingexistexistent4._________n.暴力;猛烈_________adj.暴力的;猛烈的_________adv.粗暴地;猛烈地5.____________________n.基础_____________adj.基本的;基础的______________adv.根本地;从根本上fundamentallyviolenceviolentviolentlyfoundation/fundamentfundamental6.___________n.&vt.伤害；损害___________adj.有害的___________adj.无害的harmharmfulharmless1.Playingcomputergamesforalongtimeisvery_________(harm)toourhealth.1.作表语用形容词,beharmfulto对…有害。2.Theiruntruecomments__________(violence)hurtthefeelingofChinesepeople.(B)灵活运用harmfulviolently作状语用副词3.Hisanswertothequestionsounds_______(puzzle)andweareall______(puzzle)alot.3.位于系动词后作表语用形容词,前者表示“令人困惑的”,后者表示“感到困惑的”。puzzlingpuzzled4.AsfarasIamconcerned,strongwill,diligence,anddevotionaswellasperseverancearefour__________(fundament)factorscontributingtosuccess.5.Fewpeopleunderstandthatthe_________(exist)ofrareanimalsiscloselyrelatedtoourlife.作从句的主语fundamentalexistence作定语用形容词1.systemn.系统;体系;制度solarsystem太阳系计算机系统铁路系统教育体制社会制度thecomputersystemarailwaysystemtheeducationsystemasocialsystem2.theoryn.学说;理论intheory在理论上inpractice在实践上总之，理论必须同实践相结合。Inbrief,theorymustbecombinedwithpractice.intime(forsth/todosth):notlate及时；不迟Shewillbebackintimetopreparedinner.她来得及回来准备晚饭。3.intime:迟早；最后；终于soonerorlater总有一天我会遇见他。I’llseehimintime.与time相关的短语:ontime按时;准时atonetime从前forthetimebeing暂时fromtimetotime不时地innotime立刻,马上attimes有时atatime每次;依次onceuponatime从前4.“be+todo”的用法1.表示“将”、“计划”、“安排”。(意思接近于begoingto)Theirdaughteristogetmarriedsoon.2.表示“义务”、“应该”。(意思接近于should，must)：Youaretobebackby10o’clock.你必须十点以前回来。3.表示可能性,相当于can,mayShewasnevertoseehiswifeandfamilyagain.4.表示“命运”,将来必然要发生的事,译作“注定……”。Theworstisstilltocome.5.atmospheren.1).大气，(某特定场所的)空气Theatmosphereofthecityisverymuchpolluted.2).气氛afriendlyatmosphereUsemusicandlighttocreatearomanticatmosphere.Thechildrengrewupinanatmosphereofviolence.6.cooladj.凉爽的，冷静的，沉着的，冷漠的，冷淡的be/get/seem/keepcoolHissongsreceivedacoolresponsefromthepublic.cooldowna.凉快起来，冷却b.指人的心境“平静下来，使…平静下来”ItriedtocoolherdownbutshewasstillveryangryDon’tcovertheTVuntilitcoolsdown.7.unlikeprep.不同；不像adj.不同的Unlikehim,hissonistall.Thesistersarequiteunlike.dislikevt.不喜欢反义_________adj.有益的派生________n.&v.伤害,损害________adj.无害的,无恶意的harmlessbeneficialharm8.harmfuladj.有害的,伤害的beharmfulto对……有害doharmtosb.=dosb.harm对某人有害处[即学即练1](1)Fruitjuicecan______________________children‘steeth.果汁可能损坏儿童的牙齿。(2)Whathedid_________hisreputation.他所做的损害了他的名声。(3)Thecourtcasewill________________________mybusiness.这起诉讼案件将严重损害我的生意。beharmfultoharmeddoseriousharmto仿写⑴因特网使我们有可能用很短的时间获知世界上发生的所有的事。TheInternethas____________________________________whathappensaroundtheworldinmuchlesstime.madeitpossibleforustogettoknow9.makeit+adj.+forsb.todo使某人做某事……it是形式宾语,后面的todo才是真正的宾语。⑵这本字典使我学习英语容易多了。Thedictionary___________________________________English.⑶这座桥使我们很方便过河。Thebridge__________________________________theriver.makesitmucheasierformetolearnmadeitquiteconvenientforustocross10.multiply“乘”“繁殖，增加”multiplyAbyB表示“A乘以B”。Ifyoumultiplyfourbyfive,theansweristwenty.lie动词原形第三人称单数过去式过去分词现在分词中文释义lieliesliedliedlying撒谎;谎话lielieslaylainlying躺;位于laylayslaidlaidlaying放置;下蛋Thenaughtyboy___tomethatthehenthat___therejustnowhad___twoeggsthedaybefore.A.laid;laid;laidB.laid;lay;lainC.lied;laid;lainD.lied;lay;laidD11.existvi.存在,生存,生活,继续存在existin存在于……中existon=liveon靠…生活Thereexists/existed...某地有……；存在……[即学即练2](1)________always________aforceofattractionbetweentwobodies.两物体间总是存在着吸引力。(2)They____________verylittlefood.他们靠极少的食物来生存。(3)Thatworddoesn‘t______inEnglish.英语中没有这个词。(5)Whendidtheworld__________________________？世界是什么时候开始产生的？Thereexistsexistonexistcomeintoexistencecomeintoexistence开始存在；成立12.givebirthto生（孩子）She’sjustgivenbirthtoahealthybabygirl.她刚刚生了个健康的女婴。13.inone’sturn轮到某人It’sinyourturntoreadthepassge.Hecookedthemealinhisturnthisweek.inturn依次、轮流Pleaseentertheroominturn.byturns轮流Wekeptwatchbyturns.我们轮流守望。14．prevent...from...阻止/制止某事发生prevent＋宾语＋fromdoingsth.stop＋宾语＋fromdoingsth.keep＋宾语＋fromdoingsth.阻止某人做某事Theheavyrainkeptusfromstoppedusfrompreventedusfromgoingthere.那场大暴雨使我们没能去那儿。Thisplanwillbekept(stopped/prevented)frombeingcarriedout.这个计划将被阻止实施。运用根据汉语提示完成句子。⑴上涨的河水使我们过不了河。Therisingwater__________________________________.⑵人们采取行动来防止了环境的恶化。Peopletookmeasures__________________________________________.preventedusfromcrossingtherivertopreventtheenvironmentfromgettingworse仿写⑴我们下周是否进行考试取决于我们是否按时完成了任务。______________________________________dependsonwhetherwewillfinishthetaskontime.Whetherwewillhaveanexamination15.whether...dependonwhether...某事是否发生取决于是否……lateadj.迟到的，晚的；前任的；以前的；已故的lateradv.后来，较晚时候,过后adj.late的比较级(更迟的,更后的)latestadj.最新的latelyadv.=recently近来1)Mr.ZhuRongjiisthelatePrimeMinisterofChina.3)Shesaidshewouldringyoulaterthismorning.5)It’sonlylatelythatshehasbeenwellenoughtogoout.2)Heisoftenlateforschool.4)Haveyouheardaboutthelatestnews?Para5Thearrivalofhuman