哈克贝利芬历险记(美国文学史)

1BriefIntroduction23Characters5Content4ThemeArtisticCharmBriefIntroductionWhen:around1850,beforetheCivilWarWhere:alongtheMississippiRiverWho:Huck,Jimetc.What:theprocessofpursuingfreedomandhappiness.how:Inspiredbymanyoftheauthor'sownexperiencesasariver-boatpilot,thebooktellsoftworunawaysandtheirjourneydownthemightyMississippiRiver.ThenovelopenswithHucktellinghisstory.Briefly,hedescribeswhathehasexperiencedsince,TheAdventuresofTomSawyer,whichprecededthisnovel.ItisnotedforitscolorfuldescriptionofpeopleandplacesalongtheMississippiRiver.ThroughHuckleberryFinn’seyes,thereaderseesandjudgestheSouth,itsfaults,anditsredeemingqualities.Huck'scompanionJim,arunawayslave,providesfriendshipandprotectionwhilethetwojourneyalongtheMississippiontheirraft.HereliesanAmerica,withitsgreatnationalfaults,fullofviolence,evencruelty,yetstillretainingsomevirtues,somesimplicity,someinnocence,andsomepeace.ThePlotHuck’slifebeforetheriver.Huck’slifeontheriver.Huck’slifeaftertheriver.ThePlotSt.Petersburg,MissouriHuckistryingtoescape.WidowDouglasMissWatsonPapfirsthewantstoescape…laterhewantstoescape…fakeshisdeathandtakesoffdowntheriverSt.Petersburg,Missouri(wherethestorybegins)ThePlotSt.Petersburg,MissouriHuckistryingtoescape.WidowDouglasMissWatsonPapfirsthewantstoescape…laterhewantstoescape…fakeshisdeathandtakesoffdowntheriverPap’sCabin(PapkidnapsHuckandholdshiminacabinacrosstheriver.)Jackson’sIslandmeetsJimMississippiRiveravoiddiscoveryOhioRiverSt.Louisencounterwithrobbersencounteragroupofmendownriverfeud:GrangerfordsShepherdsonsdownriverthedukeandtheking(scams)Jackson’sIsland,inthemiddleofMississippi(HuckescapesandhidesintheJackson’sIsland,wherehemeetsJim.)Jackson’sIslandmeetsJimMississippiRiveravoiddiscoveryOhioRiverSt.LouisencounterwithrobbersencounteragroupofmendownriverFeud:GrangerfordsShepherdsonsdownriverthedukeandtheking(scams)Theyhaveacloseencounterwithagangofrobbersonawreckedsteamboat.Jackson’sIslandmeetsJimMississippiRiveravoiddiscoveryOhioRiverSt.Louisencounterwithrobbersmissencounteragroupofmendownriverfeud:GrangerfordsShepherdsonsdownriverthedukeandtheking(scams)GrangerfordsVS.Shepherdsons(HuckandJimareseparatedbecauseasteamboatslamsintotheirraftbefore.WhenHuckleavethere,theymeetagain.)Jackson’sIslandmeetsJimMississippiRiveravoiddiscoveryOhioRiverSt.Louisencounterwithrobbersmissencounteragroupofmendownriverfeud:GrangerfordsShepherdsonsdownriverthedukeandtheking(scams)Theyrescuetwomen:thedukeandthedauphin.Wilk’sFuneral(ThedukeandthedauphinpretendtobeWilks’sbrothersandwanttoswindlePeterWilks’sinheritance.)ThePhelpsesmistakeHuckforTomTomSidJimisfreed,butapursuershootsTomintheleg.Tom’sAuntPollythenshowsup,identifying“Tom”and“Sid”asHuckandTom.MissWatson,whomadeaprovisioninherwilltofreeJim,diedtwomonthsearlier.AuntSallythenstepsinandofferstoadoptHuck,butHuck,whohashadenough“civilizing,”announceshisplantosetoutfortheWest.Phelp’sFarm(TomSawyerhatchesawildplantofreeJimwithHuck.Finally,Jimbecomesafreeman.)fatherIsleptinthestreetsorinthewoods,andIcoulddowhatIwanted,whenIwanted.Itwasafinelife.ItwasahardlifebecauseIhadtowearnewclothesandbegoodallthetime.Preferfreelifedigholesinthewoodenwallhidingaraftfakinghisowndeaththoughtfulintelligentbraveliar1.Hepretendedtobeagirl.2.HecalledhimselfGeorgeJefferson.3.HecheatedSallythathewasTom.LikeriskbuteasilyinfluencedbyTomlikingriskverymuchImaginativeDominatingGivingmildplans“Now,we’llhavethisgangofrobbers,”hesaid,”andwe’llcallitTomSawyer’sGang.”“Justrobandkill”,Tomsaid,Westoppeopleontheroad,andwekillthem,andtaketheirmoneyandthings.”“It’sarealadventurenow,allright”hesaid,”veryexcited.Perhapsthey’llcomeafterus,andshootandwe’llallgetkilled.”arun-awayblackslavesuperstitiousbuthislongingforhisfamilyIntelligent,practicalandloyaltofriendsJimfelltohisknees.“Pleasedon’thurtme!”hesaid,“I’vealwaysbegoodtodeadpeople!”“YousayI’mafreemannow,andperhapsIam.ButoldTomisnotgoingtorunawayandleaveoneofhisfriendswithabulletinhisleg!”Hewasalmostfiftyandhelookedold.Hishairwaslonganddirtyandhisfacewasaterriblewhitecolor.Hisclotheswereoldanddirty,too,andtwoofhistoeswerecomingthroughhisshoe.oldanddirtythetowndrunkCruelInhumanityirresponsibilityHebegantohitmetoomuchwithhisstick.Heoftenlockedmeinthehutandoncehewasawayforthreedays.theimportantpersoninthetownInchargeofsafeguardingmoneyforHuckniceandkindmorepatiencewiththemischievousHuckThedukeandthedauphin•Thedauphin•appearstobe70•claimstobethe“dauphin”,thesonofKingLouisXVIandheirtotheFrenchthrone•TheDuke•about30•claimstobetheusurpedDukeofBridgewaterapairofconmencarryingoutanumberofincreasinglyswindlesastheytraveldowntheriverontheraft.Themes?1.RacismandSlavery2.Freedom3.Conflictbetweencivilizationand“naturallife4.IntellectualandMoralEducation5.Superstition1.RacismandSlaveryAftertheEmancipationProclamation(解放黑人奴隶）andtheendoftheCivilWar,America—andespeciallytheSouth—wasstillstrugglingwithracismandtheaftereffectsofslavery.AlthoughTwainwrotethenovelafterslaverywasabolished,hesetitseveraldecadesearlier,whenslaverywasstillafactoflife.EvenbyTwain’stime,thingshadnotnecessarilygottenmuc