萨澳旗下插装阀品牌Comatrol应用资料(内部)

插装阀产品培训HIC培训，2008年3月预期培训目标：•理解每一种插装阀产品的功能和基本用法。•理解每一种插装阀的典型应用。•明白如何去阐述样本的含义，明白如何去避免插装阀使用过程中的一般性问题。•有信心和能力去满足客户的需求，绘制一个回路，以及选择正确的元件。议程•Introduction•PaverValveExample-P.O.CheckValves-SolenoidValves-PressureReducingValves-ReliefValves•Sweeper-PriorityValves-AccumulatorChargingValves•Loader-LoopFlushingValves-FlowDivider/Combiners•TomatoHarvester-FlowControls-CounterbalanceValves•SkidSteerLoader-PoppetTypeLogicElements•SodHarvester-ProportionalValves-SpoolTypeLogicElements•ManifoldDesign•GroupSizingExercise•Plus/Delta应用–沥青摊铺机ScreedLift/LowerAugerLiftParkingBrakeHopperLift沥青摊铺机阀组Pump:•180barpress.comp.•Enoughflowtoruneverythingatonce.ScreedCylinder:•Lift(singleacting)•Floatwith~27barinrodendofcylinder.•Flow24lpmmax.HopperCylinder:•Lift•Lower•Flow16lpmmax.ParkingBrake:•On/Off•Pressure24barmax.•FlownegligibleAugerCylinder:•Lift•Lower•Flow16lpmmax.支腿油缸Schematic:•Pilot-operatedcheckvalveforloadholding.Notethatloadactsinonedirectiononly(tolowerhopper)•4way3positionvalveforlift&lower•Orificetolimitflowto16lpm液控单向阀vs.平衡阀LoadHoldingValveFunctions:•Preventloadfromdroppingincaseofhoseortubefailure.•Preventloadfromdriftingcausedbydirectionalcontrolvalvespoolleakage•Providesmooth,modulatedmotionwhentheloadisinaloweringorrun-awaymode.•Providesmooth,modulatedmotionwhenthedirectionalcontrolvalveissuddenlyclosed.液控单向阀平衡阀YESYESNONOYESYESYESYES液控单向阀–它们如何工作FreeflowtoliftloadCheckvalveholdsloadInputpressureonpistonpilotscheckopenforlowering液控单向阀–先导比和选型•Thepilotratioistheratioofthepilotpistonareatothecheckvalveseatarea.•Thisistypicallybetween2.5:1and4:1.•Theseratioswillbesatisfactoryfor95%ofallapplications.•Pilot-operatedcheckvalvesaregenerallysizedbasedonflowandacceptablepressuredrop.液控单向阀–回路提示Locatepilot-operatedcheckvalvesatorneartheactuatortoprovidemaximumloadholdingintheeventofhydrauliclinefailure.Usepilot-operatedcheckvalvesforload-holding,notmotion(speed)control.(note1)Donotusepilot-operatedcheckvalveswithclosed-centerdirectionalcontrolvalves.(note2)液控单向阀–压力强化•Caremustbetakenwhenapplyingapilot-operatedcheckvalveontherodendofacylinderwithalargebore:rodratio.Inextremecasestherodpressureisintensifiedenoughthatitmaybedifficulttopilotopenthecheckvalve.•UseequationsinSauer-DanfossCartridgeValvesTechnicalInformationcatalogtodetermineoperatingpressuresandrequiredpilotpressure.•Ifintensificationcreatesapplicationconcerns,useacounterbalancevalve.液控单向阀–热膨胀•Caremustbetakenwhenapplyingapilot-operatedcheckvalveontoacylinderwheredutycyclesmaybelowandtemperaturesmaybehigh.(note1)•Inthesecases,thermalexpansioncancauseasignificantpressureincreaseforoiltrappedbetweenthecylinderandthepilot-operatedcheck.(note2)•Solutions:•Addasmallthermalreliefvalveoruseacounterbalancevalve支腿油缸UseP.O.Check(notcounterbalance)forcylinder!•Flow12lpm,Pressure180bar,Leakagenotspecifiedbuttypical6drops/minuteshouldbesufficient.•Usecatalogtofindsmallestcheckvalvewithrating180barandreasonablepressuredropat12lpm…RPC04.电磁阀&线圈AllusedfordirectionalcontrolPoppet-TypeSolenoidValves•2-way2-positionSpool-TypeSolenoidValves•2-way2-position•3-way2-position•4-way2-position•4-way3-position电磁阀(1)WhatisaSOLENOIDVALVE?PlasticNutCoilPlungerFixedcoreCartridgeSpoolHousing电磁阀(3)PUSHMODEWhenthesolenoidisinPUSHMODEthefixedcoreisinthefrontalpartofthetube;byenergisingthecoil,themagneticfieldpushestheplungerforwardtothefixedsection.FIXEDCOREPLUNGER电磁阀(4)PULLMODEWhenthesolenoidisinPULLMODEthefixedcoreisinthebackpartofthetube;byenergisingthecoil,themagneticfieldpullsthespoolforwardtothefixedsection.FIXEDCORE“Nonmagneticelement”Plungerfixedonspool电磁阀(5)PUSHPULLManualOverrideFIXEDCORE(Armature)Ina3positionsolenoidvalvewehaveadoublesolenoidwith2coils.电磁驱动•Whenelectriccurrentflowsthroughawire,amagneticfieldiscreatedaroundthewire.•Ifthewireiswoundintoacoil,itcanbecalledasolenoid.Ifthereare100turnsofwire,themagneticfieldis100timesstrongerthanonewire.电磁驱动线圈ShownisaPush-Typesolenoid.OperationofPull-Typeissimilar.•Coilcanbeassembledinbothpositionswithoutproblem安装注意事项COILS电磁阀&电压Recallthatsolenoidforceisadirectlyproportionaltoelectriccurrent.TheelectriccurrentflowingthroughthecoilcanbecalculatedbyOhm’sLaw:V=I•R,otherwisewrittenasI=VR•Example:D0812VDCcoilresistanceis9.0at21°C•Withnominalvoltage,thecurrentisthenI=12V/9.0=1.33AmpsWhatifthemachine’selectricalloadishighandthesystemvoltageisonly9V?•NowthecurrentisI=9V/9.0=1.00Amps电磁阀&电压•Whatdoesthismean?•Fromthetopbullet,ifourcurrentisreducedby25%,thesolenoid’sforceisreducedby25%.•Sincethisforceisusedtoshiftapoppetorspoolagainstspringandflowforces,systemvoltage(seenatthevalve)iscriticaltothevalve’soperation!电磁阀&温度Fromourpreviousexample:•D0812VDCcoilresistanceis9.0at21°CWhatifthemachine’ssystemvoltageneverdropsbelow12V,butthecoilisinstalledina71°Cenvironment?•Heatingupcopperincreasesit’sresistance*•Ourfamiliar9.0coilwillhavearesistanceof15.7whenenergizedcontinuouslyat71°C.NowthecurrentisI=12V/15.7=0.76AmpsThismeansthatbeingenergizedinthishightemperatureenvironmentreducesthesolenoid’sforceby43%.Justlikesystemvoltage,temperatureiscriticaltothevalve’soperat