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虚拟语气(Ⅰ)(Subjunctivemood)选修六Unitone了解：什么是虚拟语气？虚拟语气表示所说的话不是事实，只是一种主观的愿望、假设或建议等。IwishIwere18yearsold.思考：英语中有哪些语气？GroupA:1.PupilsarerequiredtostudyEnglishinChina.2.Iamnotinterestedinwhatyousaid.3.Howdidyoufindthefilmwesawlastnight?4.Whatadiligentstudentheis!GroupB:5.Makeyourselfathome.6.Don’tbelatenexttime.GroupC:7.IwishIwereabirdflyinginthesky.8.IfIhadbeenfree,Iwouldhavehelpedyou。9.Isuggestyoushouldfollowyourfather’sadvice.3._________语气(indicativemood):一般用来叙述事实，或提出问题，有肯定、否定、疑问或感叹等形式。1.________语气(imperativemood):一般用于祈使中，用来表示请求、邀请、命令、警告或劝告等。2._________语气(subjunctivemood):表示所说的话不是事实，只是一种主观的愿望、假设或建议等。阅读下列几组句子，仔细体会并区分其所表达的不同语气。祈使虚拟陈述一、语气概述英语中的语气(mood)是一种动词形式，用以表示说话者的意图或态度。陈述语气Indicativemood祈使语气Imperativemood虚拟语气Subjunctivemood语气二、wish后的虚拟语气1.Iwishthathehadattendedthelectureyesterday.2.Hewisheshewereauniversitystudentnow.3.I’mwaitingforyou.Iwishyoutoldmethetruth.4.Shewishesshecouldflytothemoonsomeday.did/werehaddone二、wish后的虚拟语气:观察下列句子，试总结wish的用法。主句含义从句动词sb.+wish表与过去事实相反的愿望表与现在事实相反的愿望表将来难以实现的愿望couldwouldmight+do1.Heissoweak.Hewisheshe_______(be)asstrongashisbrother.2.IwishI_______（know）everythingintheworldnow.3.Iwishyou____________(notgive)himmytelephonenumber,butyoudid.4.Shewishesshe__________(see)himsoon.用括号内动词的正确形式完成句子。knewwerehadn’tgivencouldsee二、wish后的虚拟语气:Aftertheexamination…Iwish…二、wish后的虚拟语气:Trytomakeupyourownsentences:第一关：脚踏实地之-----基本用法第二关：能力提升之更上一层楼----错综时间条件句第三关：能力提升之勇攀高峰-----省略“if”的条件句第四关：能力提升之直上云霄----含蓄条件句三、if引导的虚拟条件句2020/2/24三、if引导的虚拟条件句a.IfIamfreetomorrow,I’llgotothelibrary.b.IfIwereyou,IwouldstudyEnglishveryhard.比较下面的句子：真实条件句虚拟条件句条件句_______条件句:表示条件是真的或有可能实现的,采用陈述语气。_______条件句:表示条件是无法实现或几乎无法实现的,采用虚拟语气。真实虚拟If…IfIwereabird,Iwouldbringpeoplebeautifulsongs;IfIwereabee,Iwouldbringpeoplesweethoney;IfIwereaflower,Iwouldbringpeoplenicespring;IfIwereatree,Iwouldbringpeoplecoolnessinhotsummer;Alltheanimalsandplantsareourfriends.Ifwehadpaidattentiontoprotectingnature,wewouldnothavelostsomanyfriends;Iwishallthecreaturesintheworldwouldmakeupafamily.三、if引导的虚拟条件句找出下列小诗中使用虚拟语气的句子。★★★★★★含义if条件句谓语主句谓语三、if引导的虚拟条件句与过去事实相反的假设与现在事实相反的假设与将来事实相反的假设had+donedid/were①did/were②shoulddo③weretodowould/should/could/might+havedonewould/should/could/might+do第一关：脚踏实地之-----基本用法温馨提示：亲，一定要注意不同时间和主从句的动词搭配哦！Ifthedriver__________morecarefully,he_________________thecaraccidentyesterday.haddrivenwouldnothavehad三、if引导的虚拟条件句--Whatwouldyoudoifyouwonthelottery?--IfIwonthelottery,Iwould…三、if引导的虚拟条件句IfIwonthelottery,Iwouldbuyanexpensivecar.Ifit______(notrain)tomorrow,I_______(go)shopping.didn’trainwouldgo三、if引导的虚拟条件句shouldnotrainwerenottorainIfpeople__________morecareful,theshoppingmall_________________onfirenow.三、if引导的虚拟条件句hadbeenwouldnotbe第二关：能力提升之更上一层楼------错综时间条件句说明：有时候，主句与if从句的动作发生在不同的时间，这时主，从句谓语动词的虚拟语气形式因时间不同而不同，这叫做错综时间条件句或混合条件句。1.Ifyou__________（ask)himyesterday,you_____________(know)whattodonow.2.Ifit___________(rain)lastnight,it_________(be)verycoldtoday.三、if引导的虚拟条件句试用句中所给动词的正确形式填空。hadaskedhadrainedwouldknowwouldbe▲▲▲▲Weretheyherenow,theycouldhelpus.1.Iftheywereherenow,theycouldhelpus.Hadyoucomeearlier,youwouldhavemethim.2.Ifyouhadcomeearlier,youwouldhavemethim.第三关：能力提升之勇攀高峰---省略“if”的条件句3.Ifitshouldraintomorrow,wewouldhavetoputoffthematch.Shoulditraintomorrow,wewouldhavetoputoffthematch.三、if引导的虚拟条件句说明：虚拟条件句的从句部分如果含有were,had或should,可将if省略，再把were,had或should移到从句句首，实行倒装。第四关：能力提升之直上云霄----含蓄条件句1.Withoutelectricityhumanlifewouldbequitedifferentnow.3.I’mreallyverybusynow,otherwiseIwouldgowithyou.三、if引导的虚拟条件句2.Butforyouradvice,Iwouldhavefailed.（=Iftherewerenoelectricity…）(=Ifyouhadn’tgivenmeadvice…)(=IfIwerenotbusynow,Iwouldgowithyou.)说明：在虚拟语气中，有的句子可能没有明显的由“if”引导的条件从句，但是句子中隐含着一个条件，这种句子称为含蓄条件句，通常可用介词（短语）或连接词等来表达。常见的有：without,butfor（要不是）,otherwise等。试体会并翻译下列句子(Groupwork)Wordsandphrasesyoumayneedforhelp:suspectn.嫌疑人passer(s)-byn.过路人beindifferentto/toward…对……冷漠的indifferentlyadv.冷漠地(inindifference)sympatheticadj.有同情心的sympathyn.同情，怜悯feelsympathyforsb.对…..感到同情beknockeddown被撞倒becrushed被碾压从A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。1.—HaveyoueverbeentoBeijing?—No,butIwishI______.A.haveB.willC.doD.had2.Iftherewerenowaterintheworld,everything______.A.willdieB.woulddieC.wouldhavediedD.havedied3.“Areyougoingtotheballtonight?”“It’stoolatenow.HowIwish____aboutitearlier!”A.I’llknowB.I’veknownC.IknowD.I’dknown4.“Jack’sbeenillforsomeweeks.”“Iknow.Iwish____seeadoctor.”A.heshouldB.hecanC.he’llD.hecould5.IfI____wherehelived,I____anotetohim.A.knew，wouldsendB.hadknown，wouldhavesentC.know，wouldsendD.knew，wouldhavesent6.Ifthey____earlierthanexpected,they____herenow.A.hadstarted，wouldbeB.started，mightbeC.hadstarted，wouldhavebeenD.willstart，mighthavebeen7.Ididn'tknowhistelephonenumber.____it，I____then.A.HadIknown，wouldringhimupB.ShouldIknow，wouldhaverunghimupC.IfIknew；wouldringhimupD.HadIknown；wouldhaverunghimup8.Maryisilltoday.Ifshe_____，she____absentfromschool.A.werenotill，wouldn'tbeB.hadbeenill，wouldn'thavebeenC.hadbeenill，shouldhavebeenD.hadn'tbeenill，couldbe9.WereItodoit，I________itsomeotherway.A.willdoB.woulddoC.wouldhavedoneD.weretodo10.I________himtheanswer________possible，butIwassob