搜索
UNIT3AGoodHearttoLeanon•Whatdoyouthinkisa“goodheart”?•Whenwearefacewithaproblemthatweareunabletosolve,asimpleactofkindnessfromastrangermayprovideasolution,liftourspirits,andevenchangeourlives.Further,theiractionsmaygiveusanexampletofollowinourownlives.Evenwhenfacingpersonalproblemsofourown,weneedtochoosetomakeotherpeople’slivesbetterwithourcourage,imagination,andgenerosity.Weshouldliveourdailyliveswiththegoalofhelpingothers,andprovidesupportwithoutthinkingofourgains.Ifweliveourlivesinthisway,wewillfindthesatisfactionandpurposethatweseek.Warm-upactivity•Thegoodlifeisoneinspiredbyloveandguidedbyknowledge.--Russell•美好的人生是由爱所激励由知识所引导的生活。--罗素Questions:1.Howdidthewriterfeeltobeseenwithhisfatherwhenhewasyoung?Why?2.Whatdidthefatheralwayssaywhenhestartedoutwithhisson?EmbarrassedHisfatherwasseverelycrippled.setthepace,adjusttoTextunderstandingQuestions3.Whycangoingtoworkbeamatterofpride?4.Howdidthefathergotoworkwhentheweatherwasverybad?subway,despitenastyweather,sick,makeit,otherscouldnotwagon,clingto,tunnel,basementTextunderstandingMainIdeaInthistext,thewriterdescribeshisfarther.Hetellssomeofhisfather’sdailybehaviorandtheimportantthinghehaslearnedfromhisfather.Questions:5.Wheredidthefatherwork?InanofficebuildingontopofasubwaystationinManhattan.Textunderstanding6.Whatistheproperstandardtojudgepeoplebyaccordingtothewriternowthatheisgrownup?7.Whatactivitiesdidthefathermanagetotakepartin?8.Howdoesthewriterfeelabouthisfathernowafterhisfather’sdeath?PartI(Para.1-5)Thesonwasembarrassedtobeseenwalkingwithhiscrippledfather,butthefathersubjectedhimselftotheshameandstresswithoutbitternessandcomplaint.Narrationinterspersedwithcomments(夹叙夹议)Mainidea?Devicesfordevelopingit?PartIIPartIIIPartIVTextunderstandingNarration:(Para.1-4)Thefather,severelycrippledandshort,hadtoputhishandontheson’sarmforbalancewhenhewalkedoutortobepulledonachild’swagonwithsteelrunnersthroughthestreetsofBrooklyntothesubwayentranceandthenpulledbackhomewhenhisworkdaywasover.Comments:(Para.5)Iamamazedathowmuchcourageitmusthavetakenforagrownmantosubjecthimselftosuchshameandstress…withoutbitternessandcomplaint.TextunderstandingPara.6-76.Whatisaproperstandardtojudgepeople?Whatdoyouthinkisagoodheart?agoodheartTextunderstandingPartII(Para.6-7)Thesonnowrealizesthathisfathertreatedotherswithagoodheart.Narrationinterspersedwithcomment(夹叙夹议).Para.6：NarrationPara.7：CommentMainidea?Devicesfordevelopingit?PartIPartIIIPartIVTextunderstandingPara.8Example1:Example2:Ageneralpoint:Myfathertriedtoparticipateinmanyactivitiesinsomeway.keeptheteamgoingasamanagerliketogotodancesandpartiesTextunderstandingPara.11Example3:Ageneralpoint:Inowknowheparticipatedinsomethingsthroughme,hisonlyson.Example1:Example2:visitedhisofficeplayedballjoinedtheNavyTextunderstandingPartIII(Para.8-11)Thefather’sattempttoexperiencethingsdirectlyandindirectlyMainidea?Devicesfordevelopingit?Exemplification(举例法)Generalstatement:St.1ofPara.8Examples:Para.8—11PartIVPartIIPartITextunderstandingPara.12-13Whydoesthewriteroftenthinkofhisfather,nowthathisfatherhasbeendeadforsomanyyears?sorry,unworthy,regretted,trifles,fortune,agoodheartTextunderstandingPartIV(Para.12-13)Thefatherhasgonemanyyears,butthesonfeelsregretforhisreluctanceandreliesmuchmoreonhisfatherforhisbalanceofmind.Mainidea?Devicesfordevelopingit?Inductionthroughintrospection(自省式归纳法）RhetoricaltechniquesPartIIIPartIIPartITextunderstandingEuphemism（委婉）:Myfatherhasbeengoneformanyyearsnow(line45).(“hasbeengone”isusedheretoreplace“hasbeendead”)Parallelism（平行结构）:IamsorryInevertoldhimhowsorryIwas,howunworthyIwas,howIregrettedit.(L.46)IthinkofhimwhenIcomplainabouttrifles,whenIamenviousofanother’sgoodfortune,whenIdon’thavea“goodheart”(L.47)Repetition:“Yousetthepace,Iwilltrytoadjusttoyou.”(L51)(Therepetitionheregivesthereaderasenseofcontrast)Textunderstanding如果他注意到这些或因此感到不安，他从不表露出来。1.Ifheevernoticedorwasbothered,heneverleton.(L3)Ifheatanytimenoticedorfelttroubledbythis,hewouldneverletanyoneseeorknowhowhefelt.Ever:a.常用于否定句、疑问句和表示条件的从句：从来b.用于表示比较的从句中：曾经c.用于特殊疑问句：究竟；到底；用任何方式Itisrainingharderthanever.Nothingevermakeshimangry.Whoevercanitbe?bacGrammar2.NowthatIamolder,Ibelievethatisaproperstandardbywhichtojudgepeople...(L26)howtodo;whattobuy;wheretogo;whentobegin现在我长大成人，开始相信这正是判断一个人的恰如其分的标准,……whichtojudge:疑问词+不定式e.g.我真不知道该说什么。Ireallydon’tknowwhattosay.More:GrammarTipsfortranslatinglongsentences长句:（1）修饰语多（2）并列成分多（3）语言结构层次多1.找出全句的主、谓、宾语，从整体上把握句子的结构。2.找出句中所有的非谓语动词、介词短语和从句的引导词。Translation3.分析从句和短语的功能，例如，是否为主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句等。4.分析词、短语和从句之间的相互关系，例如，定语从句所修饰的先行词是哪一个。5.注意插入语等其他成分。6.注意分析句子中是否有固定词组或固定搭配。TranslationOncethere,①hewouldclingtohand-rail②untilhereachedthelowersteps③thatthewarmertunnelairkeptfreeofice.(L15)①hewouldclingtohand-rail②untilhereachedthelowersteps他就紧抓着地铁通道口的扶手/一直往下走/因为地铁空气暖和，下面几级台阶没有冰雪。③thatthewarmertunnelairkeptfreeoficeTranslationWhenIthinkofitnow,Ifeelgreatlysurprisedathowmuchcourageitmusthavetakenformyfathertoexperiencesuchshameandstress.(L20)Normally,whenyouclipthemodifiers(修饰语),youwillseethekeyidea.Amodifiercanbeaclause,prepositionalphrase,adverbialphra