过去时和现在时的区别

一般过去时和现在完成时的区别He--------(am)born500yearsago.wasShe-------(win)thegoldmedalin2008OlympicGames.wonHe--------(am)born500yearsago.wasShe-------(win)thegoldmedalin2008OlympicGames.won用法：1.强调动作发生并结束在过去时间里。时间状语有：yesterday，lastweek,anhourago,theotherday,in1995，justnow等。例如:A:Wheredidyougojustnow?B:Iwenttothepark.Iwatchedamovielastnight.Iwasbornin1995.2.表示在过去一段时间内，经常性或过去性的动作。例如:WhenIwasachild,Ioftenplayedfootballintheplayground.Part1一般过去时3.一般过去时的形式有时并不表示过去的动作而是只表示说话人的委婉语气。例如：Couldyoupleasetellmeyourname?Wouldyoumindclosingthedoor?Hewasborn500yearsago.Shewonthegoldmedalin2008OlympicGames.肯定形式：主语+动词过去式+其他基本构成:Hewasnotborn500yearsago.Shedidn’twinthegoldmedalin2008OlympicGames.否定形式：主语+was/were+not+其他主语+didn't+谓语动词原型+其他Washeborn500yearsago?Didshewinthegoldmedalin2008OlympicGames?一般疑问句:①Was/Were+主语+表语?②Did+主语+谓语动词原型+其他?动词过去式不规则变化一般过去时构成用法常用时间主语+动词过去式+其他1.表示在过去一段时间内，经常性或过去性的动作。2.强调动作发生并结束在过去时间里。YesterdayLastnightIn1990Twodaysago1.He(work)inthatbankfouryearsago.2.I(see)himyesterday.3.I(buy)acoatjustnow.4.Mymother(be)aworker20yearsago.5.Whydidyourbrother(cry)lastnight?课堂练习题：workedsawboughtwascryI-----------------(come)toHangzhoubefore.havecomeI----------------------（learn)Englishfor10years.havelearnedI-----------------(come)toHangzhoubefore.havecomeI----------------------（learn)Englishfor10years.havelearned用法：1.表示过去发生的动作对现在造成的影响或结果.例如：A:DoyouwanttogotoBeijingforatrip?B:IhavegonetoBeijingbefore.(强调对现在的影响，我已经去过北京了，目前应该不打算去。)Part2现在完成时2.现在完成时强调动作是从过去持续到现在,并有可能继续下去.常用的时间状语：for,ever,before,already,yet,just,since,recently,inthepastfewyears等例如：Hehastaughtinourschoolfor30years.他在我们学校教书已有30年了。Hehasbeenbusysincelastweek.自上个星期以来他一直很忙。Hehasfinishedhishomeworkalready.HaveyoueverbeentoBeijing?Ihavejusteaten3eggs.基本结构：IhavecometoHangzhoubefore.肯定形式：主语+have/has+过去分词+其他Ihaven’tcometoHangzhoubefore.否定形式：主语+have/has+not+过去分词+其他HaveyoucometoHangzhoubefore?一般疑问句:Have/Has+主语+动词的过去分词+其他现在完成时构成用法常用时间主语+have/has+过去分词1.表示过去发生的动作对现在造成的影响或结果.2.现在完成时强调动作是从过去持续到现在,并有可能继续下去.alreadyyet,just,since,recently,inthepastfewyears等课堂练习题：1.he(finish)hisworktoday?Notyet.2.I(work)heresinceI(move)herein1999.3.SofarI(make)quiteafewfriendshere.4.Myfatherjust(come)backfromwork.Heistirednow.5.She(write)thisnovel（小说）forfouryears.HasfinishedhaveworkedmovedhavemadehascomehaswrittenPart3两种时态的区分1.过去时表示过去某时发生的动作或单纯叙述过去的事情，强调动作；现在完成时为过去发生的，强调过去的事情对现在的影响，强调的是影响。例如：Isawthisfilmyesterday.（强调看的动作发生过了。）Ihaveseenthisfilmbefore.（强调对现在的影响，电影的内容已经知道了。）2.过去时常与具体的时间状语连用，而现在完成时通常与模糊的时间状语连用，或无时间状语。例如：Shereturnedyesterday.Iwatchedamovielastnight.HehasbeeninNewYorkformanyyears.HaveyoueverbeentoBeijing？3.现在完成时可表示持续到现在的动作或状态，动词一般是延续性的，如live,teach,learn,work,study,know.过去时常用的非持续性动词有come,go,leave,start,die,finish,become,getmarried等。例如：IhavelearnedEnglishsince8yearsold.IhavelivedinHangzhoufor3years.IwenttoBeijinglastyear.Shebecameateacherin1990.课堂练习题：1.Ialready(see)thefilm.I(see)itlastweek.2.Youcanswitchofftheradionow.I(hear)thenewsalready.I(hear)itjustnow.3.Jim(make)manyfriendssincehe______(come)toChina.4.Theyusually(go)fishingwhentheylivedthere.5.Howlongshe(be)ill?haveseensawhaveheardhasmadecamewenthasbeenheard课外作业基础题I.用括号内的一般过去时和现在完成时形式完成下列句子。1.They(go)__________toAmericalastyear.2.I’msorry.I(forget)_________yourname.3.Myfriend(finish)__________collegelastyear.4.He(notspeak)___________tomesincewequarrel（争吵）.5.She(rise)______________withthefirstraysofthesunthismorning.6.Myuncle(buy)_____________abikelastmonth.7.He(nevervisit)________________Hangzhoubefore.8.Theman(lose)_________________alargesumofmoneythismorning.9.I(read)_________________thatbookthroughinthelibrary.10.I(get)_______________backtheumbrellaIleftinthebus.II.单项填空。1.—I’msorry,Cathy,I______yourradioforsuchalongtime.—Nevermind.A.haveborrowedB.havelentC.havekeptD.havereturned2.—Wherehaveyou______thesedays?—Ihave______toYangzhouwithmyfriends.A.been,goneB.been,beenC.gone,beenD.gone,gone3.—Whereisyourfather?Wehaven’tseeneachotherforweeks.—______.A.HehasbeentoAmericaB.HehasgonetoEnglandC.HeisgoingtoAustraliaD.Hewouldvisitmygrandparents4.Theyhave______sincethefactoryopened.A.lefttheschoolB.joinedtheteamC.becomeworkersD.workedhere5.Jim______theGreatWallmanytimes.A.wenttoB.goestoC.hasgonetoD.hasbeento6.It______tenyearssincethey______toFrance.A.was,movedB.was,havemovedC.is,havemovedD.is,moved7.—______totheUnitedStates?—No,never,butIwenttoCanadaafewyearsago.A.HaveyoubeenB.HaveyougoneC.DidyougoD.Willyougo8.Iwon’tgotoseethefilmtonightbecauseI______myticket.A.didn’tloseB.havelostC.willloseD.didn’thave9.MissWuhastaughtinthisschool______.A.fortenyearsB.tenyearsagoC.sincetenyearsD.fortenyearsago10.I______today’shomeworkalready.Whataboutyou?A.havefinishedB.finishC.tofinishD.finishing提高题：Mr.Johnsonhadafactory.Heonce1onTVthatanimalscouldbetaughtto2someworkforpeopleiftheyweregiven3toeat.Helovedtheidea.Hethoughtitwouldbe4tohaveadoglookafterhis5andanelephantdosomeheavyjobs6hisfactory.Heboughtadog7anelephantinthemarketanddecidedtoteachthemtodosomeworkforhim.Ofcourse,he8boughtalotoffoodforthem.Severalmonthslater，thedogandtheelephant9fatterandfatter，butthey10doa