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Unit10I’vehadthisbikeforthreeyears.一.过去发生的动作对现在造成的影响或结果。和already,never,ever,just,before,yet等状语连用。强调动作的完成，不强调动作的持续。二.过去已经开始，持续到现在的动作或状态，常与for或since引起的一段时间状语连用。Ihavejusthadmybreakfast.HaveyoueverbeentoJapan?Ihavejustfinishedmyhomework.Ihavelivedhereforthreeyears.Ihavelivedheresince2004.Sincehewasachild,hehaslivedinEngland.Ihavelivedheresincethreeyearsago.Howlonghaveyouhadthatbikeoverthere?I'vehaditforthreeyears.Howlonghashissonownedthetrainandrailwayset?He’sowneditsincehisfourthbirthday.Haveyoueverplayedfootball?Yes,IdidwhenIwaslittle,butIhaven'tplayedforawhilenow.GrammarFocus1.现在完成时的特殊疑问句是什么？2.for后面接什么？3.since后面接什么？疑问词+have/has+主语+过去分词+其他？1.A:Howlonghaveyouhadthattoybear?B:Ihaveownedthetoybearforoversixyears.2.A:Howlonghasheworkedasapoliceman?B:Hehasworkedasapolicemanfortwoyears.3.A:Howlonghavetheyworkedhere?B:Theyhaveworkedheresincetenmonthsago.4.A:HowlonghasshelearnedEnglish?B:ShehaslearnedEnglishsinceshewasfive.5.A:Howlonghaveyouhadthatbook?B:Ihavehadthatbooksincelastyear.(1)for+表示一段时间的短语(2)since+表示过去时间点的词语since+表示过去时间的时间状语从句since+一段时间+ago表示动作从过去一直持续到现在。eg.(1)Ihavebeenateacher______ayear.(2)Hehasbeenatthisschool_______1992.(3)Wehavelearned1,000Englishwords_____wecametothisschool.(4)Thefilmhasbeenon_____twohours____.forsincesincesinceago观察以下几个句子，现在完成时中的动词有什么共同特点？1.Howlonghasheborrowedthebook?×Howlonghashekeptthebook?∨2.Tonyhasboughtthecomputerforoneyear.×Tonyhashadthecomputerforoneyear.∨3.HowlonghasMaryleft?×HowlonghasMarybeenaway?∨带有for,since的现在完成时的句子和howlong引导的疑问句表示延续性动作和状态时应使用延续性动词。延续性动词，是能够延续的动词，表示经验、经历，可以和for+时间段，since+时间点/时间段agosince+一般过去式的句子连用。e.g.Ihaveknownhimsincethen.(表经历)例如：learn,work,stand,lie,know,walk,keep,have,sleep,live,stay,sing,read,wait非延续性动词也称为终止性动词、瞬间性动词,表示行为的结果,不能与表示一段时间的状语连用。e.g.Hehasfinishedthework.(表结果)例如：open,close,go,leave,come,borrow,lend,buy1.Becky_____(hasbeen,hasbecome)adoctorfortenyears.Shelikesherjobverymuch.2.Wearelate.Themovie___________(hasstarted,hasbeenon)fortenminutes.3.Ken,youshouldreturnthebooktothelibrary.You___________(haveborrowed,havekept)itformorethantwoweeks.4.I_____________(havebought,havehad)thisbikesinceIwasten,soIwanttobuyanewone.5.She_______thisbookfornearlythreeweeks.A.hasborrowedB.haslentC.hasboughtD.haskept6.Tenyearshaspassed____theCCTVeventPeopleWhoMovedChinatookplacein2002.A.whenB.whileC.beforeD.since4bFillintheblankswiththecorrectformsoftheverbsinbrackets.1.I_______________(neverbe)tothewaterparkbefore.Iwantto___(go)nextmonthbeforetheweathergetstoocold.2.They_________________(neverown)anypets,butthey___________(alwayswant)tohaveadog.3.We_________(have)apianosincelastNovember.We_______(buy)itfromtheLifamilywhentheymovedtotheUSlastyear.4.CathyandAmy____________(notbe)backtotheirhometownfortwoyears.They______(miss)theirhometownalotandhopetovisittheplacenextyear.5.Thismuseum_________(be)hereforover20years.It_____(be)oneoftheoldestbuildingsinthissmalltown.haveneverbeengohaveneverownedalwayswanthavehadboughtmisshaven’tbeenhasbeenis1.转换为相应的延续性动词，用于现在完成时。havekepthavebeenonhaveacoldhaveknownhaveslepthavehadhavewornborrowbegincatchacoldgettoknowgettosleepbuyputon2.转化为“be+形容词/副词/介词/名词”havebeenonhavebeenouthavebeenclosedhavebeenopenhavebeen(in)havebeendeadhavebeenawayhavebeenoverhavebeenasleephavebeenin/beamemberofhavebeenhavebeenfriendshavebeen+相应的介词短语begin/startgooutcloseopengetto/arrive/reachdieleavefinishfallsleepjoinbecomemakefriendscome/go按要求改写句子。1.Theclasswasovertenminutesago.(同义句转化)Theclass_______________fortenminutes.2.Hisgrandpadiedin2004.(同义句转化)Hisgrandpa___________________for10years.3.Theexhibitionhasbeenonforthreedays.(同义句转化)Theexhibition__________________threedaysago.4.Myparentsgotmarried25yearsago.(同义句转化)Myparents__________________for25years.5.IboughttheMP3lastweek.(同义句转化)I__________theMP3foraweek.6.KittyjoinedtheReadingClublastyear.(同义句转化)Kitty_____________________theReadingClubsincelastyear.hasbeenoverhasbeendeadstarted/beganhavebeenmarriedhavehadhasbeenamemberof4aRewritethesentencesusingfororsince.1.JimisinJapan.Hearrivedtherethreedaysago.2.Theyareveryhungry.Theirlastmealwastenhoursago.Theyhaven’teatenfortenhours/sincetenhoursago.JimhasbeeninJapanforthreedays.现在完成时的否定句中可以用非延续性动词。3.Ihaveacamera.Iboughtitin2009.4.IknowAnna.Ifirstmetherthreeyearsago.5.Lindaisill.ShebecameillonMonday.Ihavehadacamerasince2009.IhaveknownAnnforthreeyears/sincethreeyearsago.LindahasbeenillsinceMonday.1.—Wow,youarereallyabornbasketballplayer.—Thanks.Youknow,Ihavebeenintheschoolbasketballteam______.A.fortwoyearsagoB.sincetwoyearsC.for2011D.since20112.—DoyouenjoylivinginXuzhou?—Yes.IhavealreadyfalleninlovewithXuzhou,thoughI______thecityforaweek.A.havearrivedinB.havebeeninC.havegonetoD.havebeento一、单项选择。5.MissLiuhastaughtEnglish______shecamehere.(2012四川雅安)A.sinceB.asC.whenD.for7.MysisterhaslearntEnglish______.(2013四川雅安)A.fortwelveyearsagoB.sinceshewasfourC.twelveyearsagoD.attheageoffour8.She______thebook______twodaysago.(2013黑龙江绥化)A.hasborrowed;sinceB.haskept;sinceC.kept;for9.—Didyouborrowthecomicbookfromthelibrary?—Yes,I______itforthreedays.I’llreturnitthisafternoon.(2013