一般过去时与现在完成时的区别

……………..一般过去时与现在完成时的区别:A．从形式结构上区别一般过去时的形式结构为：1．主语+动词的过去式+其它。如：Hewasateacher.他当过教师。Mr.Browngaveustalkyesterday.布朗先生昨天给我们做个报告。Theoldmantoldaninterestingstory.那位老人讲了一个很有趣的故事。•2．现在完成时的形式结构为：•主语+have(has)+动词过去分词+其它。如：•WehavelearnedtwothousandEnglishwords.我们已经学过了两千个英语词。•ShehasgonetoBeijing.她已经去北京了。•B．从状语上区别•1．一般过去时常用的副词状语有：then,justnow等，以及时间状语有：yesterday,lastweek,twoyearsago等。如：•Theywenttotheparkyesterday.昨天他们去公园了。•LastyearIsawthatfilm.我去看过那部影片。•2．现在完成时常与yet,already,just等以及由for+时间名词和since＋时间名词连用。如：•Hehasalreadyfinishedhishomework.他已经完成了家庭作业。•HaveyouseenthatTVplayyet?你看过那个电视剧吗？•WehavestudiedEnglishforthreeyears.我们已经学了三年英语了。•C．从否定、疑问结构上区别•1．一般过去时的否定式、疑问式多是借助动词did来体现（be的疑问式除外）。如：•Tomsaidaword.•否定式：Tomdidn’tsayaword.•疑问句：ＤidTomsayaword?反意疑问式：Tomsaidaword,didn’the?•2．现在完成时的否定式、疑问式多是借动词have(has)来体现的。如：•Youhavelookedupthatword.•否定式：Youhaventlookedupthatword.•疑问式：Haveyoulookedupthatword?•反意疑问式：Youhavelookedupthatword,haventyou?•1．since与for•since可接时间点，或从句，从句用一般过去时；for接时段，这两词都是回答howlong的。如：since1990，sincetwoyearsago；fortwodays。•2．already，yet，never，before，just都可以用于完成时，但用法不尽相同。already用于肯定句的陈述句中间，yet用于否定句或疑问句末。never是“从来没有”之意，just是“刚刚，刚才”之意，都用于句中，before当副词用，与表一段时间的词连用用于完成时，即时间段+before，如twoyearsbefore；但注意与之同义的ago，是这样用的：时间段+ago，用于一般过去时。•3．现在完成时与一般过去时的区别•现在完成时表示过去发生或已经完成的某一动作对现在造成的影响或结果，或表示过去已经开始，持续到现在的动作或状态。一句话，现在完成时与现在有联系；而一般过去时，发生在过去但与现在没有联系，且各自的时间状语明显不用。延续性动词表示是动作是一种延续的动作，这钟动作可以延续下去或产生持久的影响。Eg:study,work,keep,have,wait,sing,sleep,live等。4.延续性动词与终止性动词终止性动词表示的动作不能延续，即动作发生后立即结束，产生某种结果，动作不能再继续下去。Eg:come,leave,die,arrive,begin,finish,buy,borrow,open等。记住下列终止性动词改为延续性动词的表达法：A.动词改为“be+相应的介词”如：go，come，arrive，get，B.动词改为“be+对应的形容词”如：close---beclosedopen---beopendie-----bedeadfinish,end-----beovergetup---beupleave----beawaybegin,start----beongoout---beoutfallasleep----beasleepbegin-----beonC.其它改法如：become----bebuy----haveborrow---keepjointhearmy----beinthearmy(beasoldier)jointheParty---beintheParty(beaPartymember)catchacold----haveacold。•5．havebeento，havegoneto，havebeenin三个谓语动词含义不同。havebeento表示“曾经去过某地”（但人已回）；havegoneto表示“已去某地”（人未回），它们都不能与since和for连用。Havebeenin表示“已在某地呆……”。它可以与for或since连用。•1.ZhaoLan____already___inthisschoolfortwoyears.A.was...studyingB.will...studyC.has...studiedD.arestudying2.Theyusually_____TVintheevening.A.watchB.willwatch•C.arewatchingD.watches3.Judy_____theGreatWalltwice,andnowshestill______togothere.A.wentto,wantedB.goesto,wantsC.hasgone,wantsD.hasbeento,wants4.Shewillfindhimakindmanwhenshe_______moreabouthim.•A.knowsB.knowC.willknowD.isgoingtoknow5.--WhatareyougoingtogiveourteacherforTeacher‘sDay?--I’mnotsure.MaybeI_____himsomeflowers.A.havegivenB.willgiveC.gaveD.give6.--Tom______out.--Oh,ishe?Whattime_____he_____out?A.is,did,goB.went,is,goingC.hasgone,did,goD.isgoing,does,gocAABAD用动词的正确形式填空。1.A:Doyouwantapen?B:No,Idon’t.I_______(buy)one.2.Howlong_____you_____(study)inthisschool?3.A:Whereisyourmother?B:She________(go)shopping.4.Myuncle________(teach)heresincehecamehere.5.LiLei_____already______(give)thenutstoPolly.6.MissGao______(teach)Englishverywell.7.Listen!Someone________(knock)atthedoor.8.Myfather________(go)toBeijing.Heisn’tathome.9.Mothersaidshe_______(take)metomyUncle’sthenextSunday.10._____youever_____(be)toLondon?haveboughthavestudiedhasgonehastaughthasteachesisknockinghasgonewouldtakebeengivenHave1.Mybrother_____foraweek.A.hashadacoldB.caughtacoldC.hascaughtacoldD.gotacold2.They_____friendssincetheymetinBeijing.A.havemadeB.havebecomeC.havebeenD.haveturned3.Howlong______inthefactory?A.haveyoucomeB.hasheinC.willhebeD.hashebeen4.I’lllendyoumydictionary,butyoucanonly_____foroneday.A.keepB.borrowC.lendD.take5.MyfatherjoinedthePartyin1948.He_____aPartymemberforaboutfifty-threeyears.A.hadbeenB.hasbecomeC.hadbecomeD.hasbeenACDAD1.“_____you_______(return)thebook?”“Yes,I_____.I_____just________(return)ittotheteacher.”2.Leavethebookthere,please.I____________(notfinish)ityet.I________(read)itthisevening.3.I’msurehe_____(come)toseemebeforehe_____(leave)Beijing.4.Doyouknowifhe_______(come)backinthreeweeks.5.A:When_____you_____(get)yourmotorbike?B:I_________(have)itforaboutayear.A:_____you_____(drive)itmuch?B:Yes.I____(use)iteveryday.A:You_________(drive)verywell.I_____never____(learn)todrive.B:I____(learn)oneyearago.returnedHavehavereturnedhaven’tfinishedwillreadhavewillcomeleaveswillcomeget.havehaddiddriveDousemustdrivehavelearntlearnt1.请问你们有关于化学方面的书吗?1.Excuseme,haveyougotanybooksaboutchemistry?2.他们给了我知识并使我快乐。2.Theygivemeknowledgeandmakemehappy.3.一天图书管理员想出了一个主意3.Onedaythelibrariancameupwithanidea.4.你曾经坐飞机旅行过吗？4.Haveyouevertravelledonaplane?是的，只有一次。Yes,justonce.5.我刚刚读完这本书。5.I’vejustfinishedreadingthebook.1.我曾经去过纸厂。1.I’vebeentoapaperfactory.2.----他已经吃过早餐了吗？Hashehadhisbreakfastyet?---------不，没吃。No,hehasn,t.3。我在这个学校上学二年多了。Ihavebeenatthisschoolforovertwoyears.4。自她来到这所学校以来，她一直在这儿教书。Shehastaughtinthisschoolsinceshecamehere.5。你到过国外吗？Haveyoueverbeenabroad?