搜索
——ByLeager一、《阅读理解》知识清单Listsofreading10种题型7类体裁3个维度广告类故事类科普类新闻类人物类社科类文化类单句段落细节相加一个做法（15字法则）一般细节、段落细节、全文细节、作者观点态度、词义猜测（代词指代）、例证题、段落主旨、全文主旨（意图）、结构题、文章出处题识题型，找定位，断结构，取信息，找平行细节理解、推理判断、词义猜测、主旨大意请说出下列阅读理解的题型1.Whydoestheauthorgivesomanyquestionsinparagraph1?2.Whydoestheauthormentionthenewspaperarticleheread?3.Thewritermentions“phonerage”(Paragraph3)toshowthat.4.WhatdoesSkepta’ssuccesssuggest?5.Whatcanweinferfromthelastparagraph?6.Whatdoweknowaboutthesolarstillequipmentfromthefirstparagraph?7.Accordingtothepassage,themajorityofFacebookusersareunconsciousthatFacebook.8.Theunderlinedphrase“thisability”inthelastparagraphreferstotheabilityto.9.HowdidMashwemanagetosavehercalffromthefast-flowingwater?10.JapanesewatchmakerTokyoflashismentionedinParagraph4to.一般细节题：7、9段落细节题：6全文细节题推理理解题：5词义猜测题：8例证题：3、4、10段落主旨题全文主旨题结构（段落功能）题：1、2文章出处题++++++作者观念态度题二、阅读理解“三步曲”和选项技巧三步曲：一、画题干，确定关键词①二、找原文（定位文章中的句子），确定关键词②三、看选项（配对选项与原文句子中的同义词），确定关键词③找名词、代词和形容词TheChinesekepttheirsecretofhowtomakepaperuntilawarwithMuslimsintheninthcentury.TheartofpapermakingsoonspreadthroughouttheMuslimworld.TheMayanIndiansinCentralAmericaandPacificIslandersalsodiscoveredhowtomakepaper,buttheirknowledgeneverspreadtotherestoftheworld.26.HowwaspapermakingintroducedintotherestoftheworldfromChina?A.Throughwars.B.ThroughtheMuslims.C.ThroughtheMayanIndians.D.ThroughthePacificIslanders.√introduceinto“引进”，与spread“传播”同义关键词②是我们重点要找的，关键词②和关键词③多为同义词或近义词关键词①关键词②关键词①关键词③Pantsusuallyhavepocketstoholdthings.Moneythatislikelytobespentquicklycanburnaholeinyourpocket.Sometimesyouneedabelttoholdupyourpants.Ifyouhavelessmoneythanusual,youmayhavetotightenyourbelt.Ialwayspraisepeoplewhocansavetheirmoneyandnotspendtoomuch.Ireallytakemyhatofftothem.Yet,whenitcomestomyownmoney,Ispenditatthedropofahat,…3．Ifwesaysomeonehastotightenhisbelt,weprobablymeanhe_____.A．hasdonesomethingwrongB．usedtolivearichlifeC．hasputonthewrongpantsD．isshortofmoney√三板斧的步骤：1、读题干，圈出关键词①tightenhisbelt;2、在原文中找到第1次出现关键词①的句子，前后读一读，不要读多了，找到动词、名词（关键词②havelessmoney）;3、看四个选项中和关键词②中一样的词（关键词③）money的，只有D项，所以选D。isshortof和haveless是近义词“缺少”、“不足”。选项技巧一、答案出现的位置：1、关联词because,for,asfor,nowthat,however,but,therefore等后面就是答案；2、标点符号——冒号后、破折号后就是答案；重要的人说的话，引号内就是答案；3、长难句（除去从句）主句是答案（因果关系题例外）；4、有中文注释的是答案（人名、地名等专有名词除外）；5、因果关系题一般是寻找原因，and之前，because之后，for和todo之后是答案；6、选项中有may的是答案；7、首段（首句）、每段首句、末句，往往是主旨句，是答案；8、选项中意思完全相反的2个选项，其中之一是正确答案；9、somepeople,表作者不认同的观点，fewpeople,表作者的观点二、错误答案的确定：1、选项中有绝对肯定之意的must,only,always是错误选项；2、原句在选项中重复出现，200%错误；3、用文章里的举例的句子做选项，200%错误；4、错误的选项往往就文章某一方面而说，是某个小问题，或者很具体。二、阅读理解解题技巧应用（一）因果关系题的判断（不需要翻译的方法）：1、Why+结果？2、结果+because+.3、Whatmade+结果？4、What’sthereasonfor+结果？因果题结果定位寻找原因因果关系判断becauseand从句目的定语从句状语从句题干类型（都是要找原因）可能：原文中的结果和选项中的一模一样；或原文中的结果和选项中的意义一样。说明几点：1、and前是原因：“因+and（所以+果”，从题干中关键词定位原文中句子，and前就是答案。2、从句是答案分析主句和从句之间的逻辑关系，找到答案。3、“目的”是答案for,todo是目的4、because后面是答案果+because+果….Often,thesenestsarehighupintrees,anditisdifficulttofindthem,…1.Whyisitdifficulttofindawildbee’snest?A.It’ssmallinsize.B.It’shiddenintrees.C.It’scoveredwithwax.D.It’shardtorecognize.√….Iplacedthechickinthenest,anditquicklycalmeddown.2.Whatmadethechickcalmdown?A.Anewnest.B.Somefood.C.Arecording.D.Itsparent.√….”Idon’tthinkit’sfairtohavethemaspetswhenwehavesuchalimitedknowledgeofthem.”3.WhydidIsaksenadvisepeoplenottohaveforeignpets?A.Theyattackhumanbeings.B.Weneedtostudynativeanimals.C.Theycan’tliveoutoftherainforest.D.Wedoknowmuchaboutthemyet.√从句是答案DuringthedriermonthsbetweenDecemberandMarchhoatzinsflyabouttheforestingroupsof20to30bird,butinApril,whentherainyseasonbegins,theycollecttogetherinsmallerlivingunitsoftwosevenbirdsforproducingpurposes.4.Whydohoatzinscollecttogetherinsmallergroupswhentherainyseasoncomes?A.Tofindmorefood.B.Toprotectthemselvesbetter.C.Tokeepthemselveswarm.D.Toprotecttheiryoung.目的是答案，for表目的√and前面是答案and前面是答案【2016年新课标全国高考卷B】SandraDayO’Connor(1930present)WhenSandraDayO’ConnorfinishedthirdinherclassatStanfordLawSchool,in1952,shecouldnotfindworkatalawfirmbecauseshewasawoman.ShebecameanArizonastatesenator(参议员)and,in1981,thefirstwomantojointheU.S.SupremeCourt.O’Connorgavethedecidingvoteinmanyimportantcasesduringher24yearsonthetopcourt.5.WhatisthereasonforO’Connor’sbeingreiectedbythelowfirm?A.Herlackofpropertraininginlaw.B.Herlittleworkexperienceincourt.C.Thediscriminationagainstwomen.D.Thepoorfinancialconditions.√because后面是答案IamPeterHodes,avolunteerstemcourier.SinceMarch2012,I’vedone89tripsofthose,51havebeenabroad,Ihave42hourstocarrystemcells(干细胞)inmylittleboxbecauseI’vegottwoicepacksandthat’showlongtheylast,inall,fromthetimetheycanbeimplantedinthepatent,we’vegot72hoursatmost,SoIamalwaysconsciousoftime.(2016年新课标全国高考卷C）6.WhydoesPeterhavetocompletehistripwithin42hours?A.Hecannotstayawayfromhisjobtoolong.B.Thedonorcanonlywaitforthatlong.C.Theoperationneedsthatverymuch.D.Theicewon’tlastanylonger.√because后是答案（二）文章结构题解题技巧Bringyourpartner,grabaseat,pickupyourbabycatalogandstartchoosin.Whatfeatureswouldyouwantyourbabytohave?……Doesn’tthissoundlikeascarythought?1.WhydoestheauthorgivesomanyquestioninParagraph1?A.Toshowthatgettingababyiseasy.B.Tostartareflectionond