英语国家社会文化之US-social-life-and-culture

UnitedstatesChapter4sociallifeandcultureReligionFestivalEntertainmentLiteratureAvarietyofreligiousbelief“InGodwetrust”HighlymodernandindustrializedyetoneofthemostreligiousChristianisthemostpopularreligionDiversityisthedominantcharacteristicDiversityinreligionWhydopeoplegotochurch?Pilgrim’straditionsIdentifythemselveswithdominantvaluesMakefriendswithpeoplewhosharevalue!Today’sreligiouspeopleGotochurchNotastrongcommitmentcomparedtotraditionalEuropeancountriesFestivalAcountryofimmigrantsAdiversityoffestivalsfromdifferentculturesMeaningoffestival:RelaxShoppingHolidayspiritsSharedvaluesandtraditionsasAmericansUSholidaysDoyouknowanyAmericanfestivalandholiday?NewyearsDuringthewintervacationPublicholidayActivity?FireworksPartiesParadesSalesWhatisthedifferencesandsimilaritiesinthenewyearcelebrationinChinaandUS?Whyaretheresuchdifferences?ChristmasAEuropeantraditionBrainstorm:WhatcomestoyourmindwhenyouthinkaboutChristmas?ChristmastreeintownsandcitycentersShopsandsupermarketssellChristmasDecorationFamilieswilldecoratetheirhousesChristmasintheEast&WestThanksgivingFourthThursdayinNovemberAlmostfourhundredyearsago.TIMEIn1620,aboatfilledwithmorethanonehundredpeoplesailedacrosstheAtlanticOceantosettleintheNewWorld.I.OriginThelandingoftheMayflowerFirstEuropeansettlersofUnitedStates-PilgrimsInSeptember1620,somereligiousseparatistsseekinganewhomewheretheycouldfreelypracticetheirfaith,andotherindividualsluredbythepromiseofprosperityandlandownershipintheNewWorldfledtheirhomeinEnglandtoescapereligiouspersecutionHarshwinteroftheNortheastTheirfirstwinterintheNewWorldwasdifficult.Theyhadarrivedtoolatetogrowmanycrops,andwithoutfreshfood,halfthecolonydiedfromdisease.ThenativeIndians&EuropeansThefollowingspring,theNativetribetaughtthemhowtogrowcorn,anewfoodforthecolonists.Theyshowedthemothercropstogrowintheunfamiliarsoilandhowtohuntandfish.Thefirst“ThanksgivingDay”InNovember1621:successfulharvestGovernororganizedacelebratoryfeastandinvitedagroupofNativeAmericanallies.American’s“firstThanksgiving”—thefestivallastedforthreedays.Informationcheck!Whenisthanksgivingcelebrated?WhendidthefirstEuropeansettlersarrive?WhohelpedtheEuropeansettlerstosurvive?Infollowingyears,manyoftheoriginalcolonistscelebratedtheautumnharvestwithafeastofthanks.II.ModerndevelopmentAftertheUnitedStatesbecameanindependentcountry,Congressrecommendedoneyearlydayofthanksgivingforthewholenationtocelebrate.GeorgeWashingtonsuggestedthedateNovember26asThanksgivingDay.Thenin1863,attheendofalongandbloodycivilwar,AbrahamLincolnaskedallAmericanstosetasidethelastThursdayinNovemberasadayofthanksgivingIII.CelebrationsTurkeyPumpkinpiesCornCranberrysauceThanksgivingdinnerTurkeyRoasted,bakedordeep-fried…SynonymouswiththefestivalPumpkinpieCornTheuseofcornmeantthesurvivalofthecolonies.Indiancornasatableordoordecorationrepresentstheharvestandthefallseason.TheNativeIndiansusedthefruittotreatinfections.Theyusedthejuicetodyetheirrugsandblankets.Sweet-sourcranberrysauceVolunteeringactivitiesCommunitiesoftenholdfooddrivesandhostfreedinnersforthelessfortunate.ParadeNewYorkCity’sThanksgivingDayparade-PresentedbyMacy’sdepartmentstoresince1924marchingbandsperformerselaboratefloatsconveyingvariouscelebritiesgiantballoonsshapedlikecartooncharacters.Shopping:BlackFridaywanttoexperiencearealthanksgiving?Whatareyoumostexcitedabout?IV.ComparisonWhatisthemostimportantfestivalinChina?CanyoufindanysimilaritiesordifferencescompareditwiththeThanksgiving?SpringFestivalvs.ThanksgivingSimilaritiesFamilymealShoppingInwinterHomecomingVacation…DifferencesTimeHistoryParadeTypeoffood…Nomatterwhereyouare,theholidayspiritisthesame!V.CriticaldiscussionSomeAmericanpeoplethinkThanksgivingis“thenationaldayofmourning”.Doyouknowwhy?Otherinterestingholidays&festivalsLabor’sDayNationalDayValentine’sSayHalloween…CelebratingpopularfestivalsinschoolsHalloweenpartyValentine’sdayThanksgivingandholidayseasonCelebratingChineseFestivalsDailyentertainmentFootballBasketballBaseballDailycreationalsportsGunshootingGotothegymFilmindustry8majorHollywoodmoviecompanies环球影片公司(UniversalPictureCo.)派拉蒙影业公司(ParamountPictures,Inc.)20世纪福斯电影公司(20thCentury-FoxFilmCorp.)哥伦比亚影业公司(ColumbiaPicturesCorp.)华纳兄弟影业公司(WarnerBros.)米高梅公司(Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer)联美公司(UnitedArtistsCorp.)雷电华影业股份有限公司(RKO)HollywoodWalkofFameHarrypotterthemeparkinUniversalStudioCaliforniaIntheuniversalstudioparkDoyoulikeHollywoodmovies?WhatisyourfavoriteHollywoodmovies?MediaindustryPrivateNewsfreedomCanmediaalwaysremainobjective?Whatarethefactorsthatmaycontributetomedia’sbias?Literature-averybriefoutlineDemocratic1776-1820Writeaboutthenewcountry,citylifeandlifeadvice,realityofthesocietyRomanticperiod1820-1860TranscendentalistmovementFocusonpersonaldevelopmentandhumannature,IndividualismFantasystories,metaphoricthemesDoyouknoworhaveyoureadanyromanticwritersandtheirworks?Realism1860-1914Realisticportrayaloflifeduring19thcenturyUSVigorouscriticismDoyoulikeliteratureworksofrealism?Modernismandexperimentation1914-194