【夺分天天练】2014中考英语总复习语法专题9动词的时态与语态课件(含13年试题)人教新目标版

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专题9动词的时态与语态专题10┃动词的时态和语态1动词的时态┃考点直击┃初中阶段应掌握的时态共有八种,即一般现在时、一般过去时、一般将来时、过去将来时、现在进行时、过去进行时、现在完成时和过去完成时。以do为例,常用的八种时态的构成及常与之连用的时间状语如下表所示:专题10┃动词的时态和语态时态结构常连用的时间状语一般现在时do/doesoften,always,sometimes,usually,onceaweek,attimes等一般过去时didyesterday,lastyear,justnow,ago等一般将来时am/is/aregoingtodo或will/shalldotomorrow,nextweek,soon,inamonth等过去将来时was/weregoingtodo或woulddothenextday等现在进行时am/is/aredoingnow,thesedays等专题10┃动词的时态和语态时态结构常连用的时间状语过去进行时was/weredoingatthistimeyesterday,atthattime,when引导的时间状语从句等现在完成时has/havedonealready,yet,ever,never,just,before,once,twice,sofar,forthreedays,sincetwodaysago,recently过去完成时haddonebefore,when引导的时间状语从句,by+过去时间专题10┃动词的时态和语态2在常用的八种时态中,中考热点问题透析如下:1.条件状语从句:在when,assoonas等引导的时间状语从句和if引导的条件状语从句中用一般现在时表示一般将来时。如:I'llgotoseehimwhenIhavetime.我有时间的话,就去看他。Ifhecalls,tellhimI'llringback.如果他打电话来,告诉他我将给他回电话。专题10┃动词的时态和语态2.非延续性动词come,go,leave,start,finish等常用其进行时表达将来之意。如:IamleavingforJapantomorrow.明天我要去日本。3.“begoingto+动词原形”也可表示根据已有迹象,可能要发生的情况。如:Lookattheblackclouds!Itisgoingtorain.看那些乌云!马上要下雨了。4.在现在完成时中,如果有持续的时间状语,要把非延续性动词变为延续性动词。如:Ihavehadthebookfortwodays.这本书我已经买了两天了。(用had,而不用bought)专题10┃动词的时态和语态5.在由if引导的条件状语从句中,如果主句用过去将来时态,if从句需用一般过去时代替过去将来时。如:Amysaidthatshewouldgoshoppingifitdidn'trainthenextday.艾米说如果明天不下雨,她就去购物。6.havebeento和havegoneto的区别两者后均可接地点,前者表示“去过某地,已经回来”,通常可与表示次数的状语连用;后者表示“到某地去了,还未回来”,强调说话的当时去某地的人不在场。如:HehasgonetoParis.他去巴黎了。HehasbeentoParisthreetimes.他去过巴黎三次。专题10┃动词的时态和语态3动词的语态语态是动词的一种形式,它表示主语和谓语的关系。语态有两种:主动语态和被动语态。如果主语是动作的执行者,或者说动作是由主语完成的,要用主动语态;如果主语是动作的承受者,或者说动作不是由主语而是由其他人完成的,则用被动语态。常用的五种被动语态结构及示例如下表所示:专题10┃动词的时态和语态时态结构示例一般现在时am/is/are+过去分词Allthesethingsaremadebymachine.一般过去时was/were+过去分词ThisbookwaswrittenbyLuXun.一般将来时willbe/is/aregoingtobe+过去分词Thecarswillbesentabroadbysea.现在完成时has/havebeen+过去分词Allthepostcardshavebeensentout.含情态动词情态动词+be+过去分词Theflowersmustbewateredeveryday.专题10┃动词的时态和语态4谓语动词的主动形式表示被动意义的几种情况1.不及物动词和短语:happen,last,takeplace,breakout,comeout,cometrue,runout,giveout等用主动形式表示被动意义。如:Themeetingtookplaceinabeautifulcity.会议在一个美丽的城市举行。Afirebrokeoutduringthenight.夜间发生了火灾。专题10┃动词的时态和语态2.一些特殊动词:英语中有很多动词,如break,catch,clean,drive,lock,open,sell,read,write,wash等,当它们被用作不及物动词来描述主语特征时,常用其主动形式表达被动意义,主语通常是物。且该动词通常与well,easily,slowly,quickly等副词连用。如:Thiskindofcomputerssellswell.这种电脑很畅销。3.感官动词:系动词没有被动形式,但有些表示感受的感官动词,如feel,sound,taste,feel等在主系表结构中常以主动形式表示被动意义。如:Yourreasonsoundsreasonable.你的理由听起来很合理。专题10┃动词的时态和语态[提醒]使役动词have,make,let以及感官动词see,find,watch,notice,hear,feel等后面接不定式作宾语补足语时,在主动结构中不定式to要省略,但变为被动结构时要加to。如:Someonesawastrangerwalkintothebuilding.被动语态:Astrangerwasseentowalkintothebuilding.专题10┃动词的时态和语态1.[2013·连云港]Julie'sfather________toLondonlastmonth.He________therethreetimes.A.went;hadgoneB.hasgone;hasbeenC.went;hasbeenD.hasbeen;hadgone2.[2013·泰州]—Herecomesthebus!Whereisourprincipal?—Shecan'tgotothemuseumwithus.She________somevisitorsaroundourschool.A.isshowingB.showsC.hasshowedD.wasshowingCA┃考点过关┃专题10┃动词的时态和语态3.[2013·雅安]MysisterhaslearntEnglish________.A.fortwelveyearsagoB.sinceshewasfourC.twelveyearsagoD.attheageoffour4.[2013·雅安]Iffarmers________treesandforests,giantpandas________nowheretolive.A.cutdown;haveB.willcutdown;willhaveC.willcutdown;haveD.cutdown;willhaveDB专题10┃动词的时态和语态5.[2013·杭州]Sallytookaphotoofherfriendswhilethey________computergames.A.playB.areplayingC.haveplayedD.wereplaying6.[2013·宁波]—Haveyoufinishedyourproject?—Notyet.I'llfinishitifI________tenmoreminutes.A.giveB.amgivenC.willgiveD.willbegivenDB专题10┃动词的时态和语态7.[2013·泰州]—Frog,MoYan'slatestnovel,please!—Sorry,it________justnow.Butitwillcomeoutagainsoon.A.soldoutB.issoldoutC.hassoldoutD.wassoldout8.—Whodesignedthisgame?—It________byTomin1999.A.isdesignedB.designsC.wasdesignedD.designedCD专题10┃动词的时态和语态9.[2013·龙东]Clothesmadeofsilk________softerthanthosemadeofcotton.A.arefeltB.feelC.arefeeling10.[2013·衢州]—Sam,whatwilltheweatherbeliketomorrow?—Sorry,Mum.Ididn'twatchtheweatherforecastjustnow,I________afootballmatch.A.waswatchingB.amwatchingC.wouldwatchD.willwatchAB专题10┃动词的时态和语态1.[2013·湖州]Juliaisn'tgoingtothecinemawithusbecauseshe________thefilm.A.seesB.sawC.willseeD.hasseen2.[2013·临沂]—DoyouknowEarthDay?—Sure.It________in1970totellustoprotectourplanet.A.setsupB.setupC.issetupD.wassetupDD┃语法专练┃专题10┃动词的时态和语态3.—Whenwillyoutellhimthegoodnews?—Iwilltellhimassoonashe________back.A.comesB.cameC.willcomeD.iscoming4.—Canyourbrothermakemodelplanes?—Yes,thisweekhe________anewone.A.makesB.wouldmakeC.hadmadeD.ismakingDA专题10┃动词的时态和语态5.Nobodynoticedwhattheyoungman________atthatmoment.A.willdoB.wasdoingC.hasdoneD.haddone6.—Hashereturnedthelibrarybookyet?—Notyet.Don'tworry.He________itsoon.A.returnedB.hasreturnedC.willreturnD.returnsBC专题10┃动词的时态和语态7.—Youarelate.Themeeting________forabouttenminutes.—I'msorry.Thetrafficisheavy.A.hasbegunB.beganC.hasbeenonD.begins8.—Whereisyourfather,Leo?—HeisinHainanonvacation.He________fortwoweeks.A.hasbeenawayB.hasleftC.hasgoneD.leftCA专题10┃动词的时态和语态9.Mike,goandseewho________footballontheplayground.A.isplayingB.playsC.playedD.wereplaying10.—________you________totheradio?—No,youcanturnitoff.A.Did;listenB.Have;listenedC.Do;li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