土力学词汇英汉对照

土力学词汇英汉对照编写人：邵俐审核人：刘松玉、张克恭东南大学交通学院二00五年三月A2absorbedwater吸着水accumulationsedimentationmethod累积沉淀法activeearthpressure主动土压力Eaactivityindex活性指数Aadamicearth,redsoil红粘土additionalstress(pressure)ofsubsoil地基附加应力（压力）zadversegeologicphenomena不良地质现象aeoliansoils风积土aeolotropicsoil各向异性土airdriedsoils风干土allowablesubsoilbearingcapacity地基容许承载力［0］allowablesettlement容许沉降alluvialsoil冲积土anglebetweenfailureplaneandmajorprincipalplane破坏面与大主平面的夹角angleofinternal，external(wall)friction内摩擦角、外(墙背)摩擦角angulargravel,angularpebble角砾anisotropicsoil各向异性土aquifer含水层aquifuge,impermeablerlayer不透水层areaoffoundationbase基础底面面积Aartesianwaterhead承压水头artificialfills人工填土artificialfoundation人工地基AtterbergLimits阿太堡界限attitude产状averageconsolidationpressure平均固结压力0averageheavingratiooffrozensoillayer冻土层的平均冻胀率averagepressure,additionalpressureoffoundationbase基底平均压力、平均附加压力p、p0Bbasetiltfactoroffoundation基础倾斜系数bc、bq、bbasetiltfactors基底倾斜系数bc、bq、bbearingcapacity承载力bearingcapacityfactors承载力系数Nc,、Nq,、N[California]BearingRatio[CBR]承载比bearingstratum持力层bedrock,originalrock基岩beginninghydraulicgradient起始水力梯度(坡降)ioBiotconsolidationtheory比奥固结理论Bishop’sslicemethod比肖普条分法boundwater结合水(束缚水)boulder漂石Boussinesqtheory布辛奈斯克理论bridge桥梁bridgepier桥墩brokenstone，crushedstone碎石bulkmodulus体积模量burieddepthoffoundation基础埋置深度dbuoyantdensity浮密度buoyantgravitydensity(unitweight)浮重度（容重）’CCaliforniaBearingRatio(CBR)加州承载比capillaryrise毛细水上升高度capillarywater毛细（管）水categorizationofgeotechnicalprojects岩土工程分级cementation胶结作用centralload中心荷载（轴心荷载）characteristicvalueofsubsoilbearingcapacity地基承载力特征值fakchemicalgrouting化学灌浆circularfooting圆形基础clay粘土claycontent粘粒含量clayminerals粘土矿物clayeysilt粘质粉土clayeysoils,claylysoils粘性土3coarseaggregate粗骨料coarse-grainedsoils粗粒土coarsesand粗砂cobble卵石Codefordesignofbuildingfoundation建筑地基基础设计规范coefficientofactiveearthpressure主动土压力系数Kacoefficientofpassiveearthpressure被动土压力系数KPcoefficientofcollapsibility湿陷系数scoefficientofcompressibility压缩系数acoefficientofcurvature曲率系数Cccoefficientofearthpressureatrest静止土压力系数K0coefficientoflateralpressure侧压力系数K0coefficientofpermeability渗透系数kcoefficientofsecondaryconsolidation次固结系数coefficientofuniformity不均匀系数coefficientofverticalconsolidation竖向固结(压密)系数cv.coefficientofvertical，horizontalpermeability竖向、水平向渗透系数khcoefficientofvertical，horizontal，tangentialadditionalstressbeneathauniformstripload均布条形荷载下竖向、水平向、切向附加应力系数sz、sx、sxzcoefficientofverticaladditional,averageadditionalstressbeneathauniformroundloadatcentrepoint均布圆形荷载中点下竖向、平均附加应力系数r、rcoefficientofverticaladditional,averageadditionalstressbeneathatriangulardistributedrectangleloadatcornerpoint三角形分布矩形荷载角点下竖向、附加、平均附加应力系数t1、t2、1t、2tcoefficientofverticaladditional,averageadditionalstressofbeneathauniformrectangleloadatcornerpoint均布矩形荷载角点下竖向、附加、平均附加应力系数c、ccoefficientofverticaladditionalstressbeneathaconcentrationload集中应力系数αcoefficientofviscosity粘滞系数coefficientofvolumecompression体积压缩系数mVcoefficientofweathering风化系数cohesionlesssoils无粘性土cohesivesoils粘性土collapsibility湿陷性compactibility压实性compactionbyrolling碾压法compactiontest击实试验compactionfactor压实系数ccompactness密实度compositeground复合地基compressibility压缩性compressionindex压缩指数Cccompression(constrainedmodulus)压缩（侧限）模量Escompressionzone受力层，压缩层compression-curves压缩曲线（e-p和e-logp曲线）compressivestrength抗压强度concentratedload集中力P[static]conepenetrationtest[CPT]静力触探试验confinedwaterhead承压水头confiningpressure［周］围压[力]consistency稠度consistencylimit稠度界限consolidatedquick(direct)sheartest固结快剪（直剪）试验consolidatedquickshearcohesion、angleofinternalfriction固结快剪粘聚力、内摩擦4角ccq、cqconsolidatedundrainedtriaxialcompressiontest[CU-test]固结不排水三轴压缩试验consolidated-undrainedcohesion、angleofinternalfriction固结不排水粘聚力、内摩擦角ccu、cuconsolidationapparatus固结仪、压缩仪、渗压仪consolidationcurve固结(d-t和d-logt曲线)consolidationsettlement固结沉降scconsolidationtest(containcompressiontest)固结(压密)试验（含有压缩试验）constraineddiameterofsoilpartical限制粒径d60constrainedmodulus侧限模量Escontactstress(pressure)接触应力（压力）contaminatedsoil污染土corner-pointmethod角点法Coulomb’stheoryofearthpressure库伦土压力理论creep蠕变criticaledge、critical,ultimateloadofsubsoilbearingcapacity地基承载力的临塑荷载pcr、临界荷载p1/3p1/4、极限荷载pucriticalheightofslope（土坡）临界高度criticalhydraulicgradient临界水力梯度icrcriticalvoidraio临界孔隙比crushedstone,brokenstone碎石culvert涵洞cushion垫层cyclictriaxialtest周期三轴试验Ddampingratio阻尼比Darcy’slaw达西定律Debrisflow泥石流deepfoundation深基础deepmixingmethod深层搅拌法degreeofcompaction压实度cdegreeofconsolidation固结度Udegreeofsaturation饱和度Srdensificationbysandpile挤密砂桩density密度depthfactoroffoundation基础深度系数dc、dq、ddifferentialsettlement沉降差dike,levee堤dilatancy剪胀性diluvialfan洪积扇diluvialsoils洪积土directsheartest直[接]剪[切]试验dispersiveclay分散性粘土disturbedsamples扰动土样doublelayer双电层drainagecohesion,angleofinternalfriction排水［剪］粘聚力、内摩擦角cd、ddrainedshearstrength排水抗剪强度d［consolidated］drainedtriaxial［compression］test[CD-test]［固结］排水三轴［压缩］试验drift-sand流砂［现象］drydensity干密度ddrygravitydensity(unitweight)干重度(容重)ddynamicelasticmodulus动弹性模量Eddynamicload动荷载dynamicpenetrationtest动力触探试验dynamictriaxialtest动三轴试验dynamicshearmodulus动剪切模量Gddynamicstrain，stress动应变d、动应力dEEarthdam土坝Earthmaterial土料earthpressureatrest静止土压力E0earthquakeengineer