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实义动词系动词助动词情态动词PatrickStariseatingahamburger.Theboystillstandshere.表示动作或者状态的词护法一号实义动词☆定义：能独立作谓语的动词及物动词（vt）〖延续性〗☆分类不及物动词（vi）〖非延续性〗及物动词后必须加宾语Ilikeverymuch.IlikeEnglishverymuch.Theycallme.TheycallmeMary.Pleasepassme.Pleasepassmethesalt.Horsesrunfast.Hejumpsveryhigh.不及物动词无需接宾语MikeisstudyingMaths.Mikestudieshard.有些动词既是及物动词又是不及物动词studyworkturnoffleavelikepickuplearnswimflykeepvtvi有些不及物动词与其他词构成短语时，作用相当于一个及物动词护法二号系动词感官类系动词动态系动词双谓语系动词状态类系动词系动词soundsmellfeeltastelook☆beIamastudent.☆seemTheyseemquitehappy.☆keepWeneedtokeepfit.☆stayThewindowstayedopenallthenight.描述状态变化过程Heisgettingworseandworse.Themanfellasleeptwohoursago.It'sgrowingwarm.Mapletreesturnredinautumn.☆Thesunrosered.Shestoppedandstoodquitestill.Thebooklayopenonthetable.Hemarriedyoung.用系动词的适当形式填空1.You_______veryyoung.2.Atfirstthosequestions________easy,butlaterIfoundthemdifficult.3.Afterthesportsmeeting,he________verytired.4.Myyoungerbrother________astudentlastyear.5.Whenwe________up,we'regoingtohelpbuildupourcountry.6.Theflowers__________verysweet.7.Herface________red.8.Jack________veryhappy.9.Themooncake________good.10.Themeat_________bad.looksseemedlookswasgrowsmellturnslookstastestastes护法三号助动词Iwasdoingmyhomeworkallafternoon.ManytreesareplantedintheparklastSunday.Theywillleaveintwohours.Ishallbe16yearsoldnextyear.IhavelearnedEnglishfor8years.助动词be助动词have/has/had助动词will/shall护法三号情态动词A表能力can/couldB表推测can/must/might/mayC表必要性need/havetoD表请求should/shall/mayE半情态动词need/dareHecanplaybasketball.MarywenttoShanghailastweek,soshecan'tbehere.IcouldswimwhenIwas7yearsold.表能力“能，会”表猜测、怀疑用于否定、疑问句can的过去式，表示过去的能力may&might☆可能，也许Hemay/mightcometomorrow.might语气更弱☆表请求（might语气更委婉）MayIcomein?---No,youmustn't/can't.（不可以，禁止）用法例句must必须Imustgonow.表推测“一定”---Someoneiskonckingthedoor.---ItmustbeTom.“must”在句首的疑问句---MustIfinishthehomeworktoday?---No,youneedn't/don'thaveto.答句不能用mustn't☆情态动词：表示“需要、必须”NeedIdotheexercisenow?---Yes,youmust./No,youneedn't.☆实义动词：sb.need(s)sth.某人需要某物sb.needtodosth.sth.needdoing某事需要被做=sth.needtobedone用need提问时，肯定回答为must，否定回答为needn’t或don’thavetoshouldvsshall☆should表示义务、责任Weshouldobeytrafficrules.☆shall征求意见（第一人称）Shallwegoshoppingtoday?警示、命令、允诺（第二、三人称）Youshallhandinyourhomeworkontime.willvswould用法例句will1.请求、询问（第二人称）2.意愿Willyoupassmethebook?Wewilldoanythingthingforyou.将来时Theywillhaveameetingtomorrow.wouldwill的过去式表示过去的意愿或委婉的询问Wouldyoutellmethewaytothestation.1.John___cometoseeustonight,butheisn'tverysureyet.A.mayB.canC.hastoD.must2.They___dowellintheexam.A.canbeabletoB.beabletoC.canabletoD.areableto3.—MayItakethisbookout?—No,you___.A.can'tB.maynotC.needn'tD.aren't4.You___goandseeadoctoratoncebecauseyou'regotafever.A.canB.mustC.dareD.would情态动词练习1.They________(visit)themuseumlastweek.2.ZhangHong________(make)manyfriendssinceshecametoParis.3.She________(go)tothecinemawithherclassmatestomorrowevening.4.Johnisalwaysbusy.He________(sleep)onlysixhoursverynight.5.Stayhere;boy;don'tgoout.It________(rain)now.visitedhasmadewillgosleepsisraining6.Sheoften________(do)herlessonsaftersupper.7.Hurryup!Thetrain________(leave)infiveminutes.8.They________(arrive)inLondononthenightofApril30,1989.9.Whilewe__________(talk)intheroom,thelightsuddenlywentout.10.They___________(learn)about200Englishwordssincethisterm.doeswillleavearrivedweretalkinghavelearned