Narrative-Writing解读

NarrativeWritingWhatisNarrativeWriting?•Narrativewritingiswritingthattellsastoryorgivesanaccountofsomethingthathashappened.•Thepurposeistoretellastorybasedonpersonalexperienceorthewriter’simagination.MethodsUsedinNarrativeWriting•Usesasetting,characters,circumstancesorevents,aplot,apointofview,andasenseofresolutiontotellthestory•Descriptionoftheaboveelementsisakeyfactor•Mayuseflashback(倒叙）,foreshadowing（铺垫，预测）,dialogue,tension（紧张）,orsuspense（悬念）•Firstperson(I)orthirdperson(he/she)maybeusedWhatNarrativeWritingIS…•Tellsapersonalorimaginativestory•Includesdetailsrelatedtothestory•Containscharacters,plot,pointofview,setting,conflict,andevents•Containsstrategiessuchasflashback,foreshadowing,dialogue,tension,and/orsuspense•Ismulti-paragraphWhatNarrativeWritingIS(cont.)•Presentsastorythathasawelldevelopedbeginning,middle,andend•Usesalivelywritingvoicetoengagethereader•Usesvividsensorydetailsandspecificlanguage•Usesavarietyofsentences•Containscorrectsentences,usage,andmechanicsthatmakethewriter’sideasunderstandableWhatNarrativeWritingISNOT•Alistofeventsand/orfacts•Anabundanceoffactsorpersonalanecdotesthatareunrelatedtothetopic•Alistofreasons,opinions,orunrelatedepisodes•Formulaic,repetitivewriting•Asingleparagraph•Apaperwithoutaclearbeginning,middle,andendWhatNarrativeWritingISNOT(cont.)•Flat,uninterestingwriting•Astorythatcontainsimpreciselanguage•Astorywithlittlesentencevariety•Incorrectsentences,usage,grammar,andspellingthatpreventthereaderfromunderstandingthewriter’sideasUseyourcreativityandpowersofobservationtodevelopstoriesthatcancaptureareader’simagination.Task:StoryTellingSuggestedPrompts•OneAprilFool’sdayyouplayedasafebutterrificjokeonyourbestfriend.TalkaboutyourAprilFool’sjoketoyourclassmates.•Thinkaboutatimewhensomethingsignificantchangedinyourlife.Thiscouldbeanythingfromamoveacrosstowntostartingschoolorgoingonholiday.•Thinkofadayinyourlifewheneverythingseemedtobegoingwrong.Tellaboutit.Readasamplenarrativeessayandthinkaboutthefollowingquestions•Isthemainideaofthisnarrativecleartoyou?Whatisit?•Whatisusuallyintroducedatthebeginningofnarratinganevent?Inwhatorderisanarrativeusuallyorganized?•Willthescenesoftheauthorlearningswimmingappearinyourmindwhenyouarereading?Ifso,howdoestheauthorachievethis?•Whatdoesthefinalparagraphmainlytellus?Whatisthepurposeofwritingit?•Learningsomethingnewcanbeascaryexperience.OneofthehardestthingsI'veeverhadtodowaslearnhowtoswim.Iwasalwaysafraidofthewater,butIdecidedthatswimmingwasanimportantskillthatIshouldlearn.Ialsothoughtitwouldbegoodexerciseandhelpmetobecomephysicallystronger.WhatIdidn'trealizewasthatlearningtoswimwouldalsomakemeamoreconfidentperson.Anessaybeginswithageneralstatementlike,“Learningsomethingnewcanbeascaryexperience.Thisstatementintroducesthesubjectoftheessay,whichisaparticularlearningexperiencethattheauthorhad.TheuseofIintheessayindicatesthatwhatisbeingdescribedisapersonalexperience.Theessayisessentiallyastoryaboutsomethingthathappened.Theauthorgivessufficientdetailsaboutthepeople,place,andeventssothatthereadergetsaclearideaofhowtheauthorfeelsaboutthem.Theeventsinanarrativeareusuallyarrangedinchronologicalorder.•Newsituationsalwaysmakemeabitnervous,andmyfirstswimminglessonwasnoexception.AfterIchangedintomybathingsuitinthelockerroom,Istoodtimidlybythesideofthepoolwaitingfortheteacherandotherstudentstoshowup.Afteracoupleofminutestheteachercameover.Shesmiledandintroducedherself,andtwomorestudentsjoinedus.Althoughtheywerebotholderthanme,theydidn'tseemtobeembarrassedaboutnotknowinghowtoswim.Ibegantofeelmoreatease.•Wegotintothepool,andtheteacherhadusputonbrightlycoloredwaterwingstohelpusstayafloat.Oneoftheotherstudents,May,hadalreadytakenthebeginningclassoncebefore,soshetookakickboardandwentsplashingoffbyherself.Theotherstudent,Jerry,andIweretoldtoholdontothesideofthepoolandshownhowtokickforthebreaststroke（蛙泳）.Onebyone,theteacherhadusholdontoakickboardwhileshepulleditthroughthewaterandwekicked.PrettysoonJerrywasoffdoingthisbyhimself,travelingatafastclipacrosstheshortendofthepool.Thewritinginanessayshouldbelivelyandinteresting.Trytoengagethereader'sinterestbyaddingdetailsorpersonalobservations.Sharingpersonalthoughtsanddetailsinvitesthereaderintoauthor'sworldandmakesthestorymorepersonalandmoreinteresting.•Thingswerenotquitethateasyforme,buttheteacherwasverypatient.Afterafewmoreweeks,whenIseemedtohavecaughtonwithmylegs,shetaughtmethearmstrokes（手臂滑水动作）.NowIhadtwothingstoconcentrateon,myarmsandmylegs.Ifelthopelesslyuncoordinated.SoonerthanIimagined,however,thingsbegantofeelrightandIwasabletoswim!Itwasawonderfulfreefeeling-likeflying,maybe-tobeabletoshootacrossthewater.Inthefinalparagraphoftheessay,theauthorreflectsonthelargermeaningorimportanceoftheexperiencedescribed.Theauthorconcludesthatlearningtoswimhashelpedhertofeelmoreconfidentaboutherselfinothernewsituations.Theideathatself-confidencecomesfromconqueringyourfearsissomethingthatallpeoplecanrelateto.Thisisthepointofthestory.•Learningtoswimwasnoteasyforme,butintheendmypersistencepaidoff.NotonlydidIlearnhowtoswimandt