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RelatedConception(相关概念)1.名词:表示人或事物的名称的词叫名词。2.名词在句子当中一般可以作什么成分?名词在句中主要作主语、宾语、表语和同位语。TheboyisliMing.主语表语Mr.Liang,a24-year-oldboy,teachesusEnglish.主语同位语宾语在英语的句子结构中，本来该由名词充当的主语、宾语、表语和同位语，由一个句子来充当,这个句子就叫名词性从句。什么是名词性从句?名词性从句主语从句(TheSubjectClause)宾语从句(TheObjectClause)表语从句(ThePredicativeClause)同位语从句(TheAppositiveClause)请判断出下列的句子哪部分是从句,并判断属于哪种从句:1.WhatIwanttodoistakingabath.2.Thenewsthattheywonthegamespreadthewholeschool.3.Idon’tthink(that)heisanhonestboy.4.Thefactisthathestolethecar.5.Doyouknowthefactthathestolethecar?6.Doyouknowthemanwhoisstandingoverthere?7.Itissaidthattheywonthegame.(主从)(同位语从句)(宾从)(表从)(同位语从句)(定从)(主从)引导名词性从句的连接词1.Ireallyfeelthatheneedsmoreexperience.2.Iwanttoknowwhether/ifshestillliveshere.3.Whatshesaidisnottrue.4.Whobrokethewindowhasnotbeenfoundout.5.Heaskedwhosehandwritingisthebestinourclass.6.Thatiswhyshelefthomeyesterday.7.HaveyouheardthenewsthatMarywillbebacksoon?8.Iwillgiveittowhoeverneedsit.9.Itisunwisetogiveyourchildwhateverhewants.10.I’vejustboughtfivenewbooks;youcantakewhicheverbookyoulike.•Shesaid(that)sheisgoingtolearnEnglish.•Iwanttoknowwhether/ifshestilllivesthere.•Idon’tknowwhoallthesepeopleare.•ShewantstoknowwhichfilmIlikebest.•Pleasetellmewhereshelives.•Iamnotinterestedinwhatheisdoing.•Iamcertainthatheisathomenow.•Iamafraidhewon’tcomeontime.宾语从句在句中充当及物动词,介词或某些形容词宾语的句子叫做宾语从句。宾语从句•Idon’tknow（that）youwillcomehere.注意：that在从句中不充当任何成分，在口语或非正式的文体中常常被省去。但如果从句是并列句时,第二个及以后的分句前that不可省.•Weallagreed(that)itwouldbeamistakenottotakehisadvise.•Weallthink(that)sheisworkinghardandthatshewillsurelygotoagoodcollege.我不知道他来不来。我想知道他来还是不来。你们是在谈论着他来还是不来吗？他不在乎天气是否好。Idon’tknowwhether/ifhewillcome.Iwanttoknowwhetherhewillcomeornot.Areyoutalkingaboutwhetherhewillcome?Hedoesn’tcareifitisn’tafineday.注意：在宾语从句中，表示“是否”既可以用whether,也可以用if.但是，whether常与ornot连用；作介词宾语只用whether;从句是否定句时一般用if。用合适的连接词填空1.WangHaitoldme_____hedidn'tgocyclingyesterdayafternoon.（how,why）2.Canyoutellme______elseisgoingtobeondutytoday?（who,whom）3.Shesaid_____itwouldn'tmattermuch.（that,if）4.Healwaysthinks______hecandobetter.（how,who）5.Ireallydon'tknow________thebridgewillbefinished.（howlong,howsoon）whywhothathowhowsoon6.Theydon'tknow__________wearegoinghiking.7.Shewantedtoknow___________hercoatwouldbereadythenextday.8.Iwasreallysurprisedat______Isaw.9.Idon'tknow______somanypeoplecrowdingroundhim10.Doyouknow_________shirtitis?if/whetherif/whetherwhatwhywhose宾语从句中的否定转移我认为他不会来这里.Ithinkhewon’tcomehere.()Idon’tthinkhewillcomehere.()注意：如果宾语从句是由think,believe,imagine,suppose等词引导的时候，要将从句中的否定形式转移到主句中去。√我认为他不会对我撒谎的.Idon’tthinkhewilllietome.我认为我们不应该借钱给他.Idon’tthinkweshouldlendhimmoney.宾语从句中用it作形式宾语•Wethinkitourdutythatweshouldhelpothers.•Ifinditimpossiblethatheshouldfinishtheworkintwodays.注意：如果主句中有形容词或名词作宾语补足语时，一般用it来作形式宾语，把从句放在宾补后面。that不能省.believe,consider,feel,find,make,think他们觉得要在两天内完成工作是困难的.我们认为每个人都保护环境是重要的.他把每天早上锻炼身体做为一个规定.宾语从句的时态和语序1.Couldyoutellmeifit_____tomorrow?A.rainsB.israiningC.willrainD.rain2.Theteachertoldhisstudentsthesun_____intheeast.A.riseB.risesC.roseD.risen3.Peterknew_______.A.whetherhehasfinishedreadingthebookB.whytheboyhadsomanyquestionsC.therewere12monthsinayearD.whentheywillleaveforParis4.Couldyoutellme______?A.whereisthenearestrailwaystationB.wherethenearestrailwaystationwasC.wherethenearestrailwaystationisD.wherewasthenearestrailwaystation5.Ireallydon'tknowifshe_______itwhenshe________.A.finds/arrivesB.finds/willarriveC.willfind/willarriveD.willfind/arrives6.─Wheredoyouthink_____he____theTVset?─Sorry,I'venoidea.A./,boughtB.has,boughtC.did,buyD.didbought7.Canyoutellme______?A.what'sthematterwithhimB.whatthematterwithhimisC.whathappenedwithhimD.whatwithhimhappened宾语从句中谓语用shoulddo的情况:•Thegeneralorderedthattroops(should)setoffatonce.•Hesuggestedthatwe(should)allbuydictionaries.•Iinsistedthathe(should)apologizetome.句型转换1.Whendoesthetrainarrive?Pleasetellme.（改为宾语从句）→Pleasetellme__________________________________.2.Whatdoeshedo?Doyouknow?（改为宾语从句）→Doyouknow_______he_______?3.Dotheywantfriedchicken?Heaskedtheboys.（改为宾语从句）→Heaskedtheboys___________they_______friedchicken.whenthetrainarriveswhatdoesif/whetherwanted4.WasthewatchmadeinShanghai?Idon'tknow.（改为宾语从句）→Idon'tknow__________thewatch_______madeinShanghai.5.“Doyouwanttotrysomethingnew?”Tom'smotheraskedhim.（同义句）→Tom'smotheraskedhim_________________________totrysomethingnew.if/whetherwasif/whetherhewanted6.Ithinkthisisagoodidea.（改为否定句）→I_______________this________agoodidea.7.Lucyhasn'tdecidedwhichtrouserstobuy.（改为复合句）→Lucyhasn'tdecided________________________________buy.8.Idon'tknowhowIcangettothehospital.（改为简单句）→Idon'tknow________________________tothehospital.don’tthinkiswhichtrousersshewillhowtoget表语从句在句中充当表语的从句(即放在be动词后面)叫做表语从句。我们的目的是他能认识到错误。Ourpurposeisthathecanrealizehisfaults.注意：引导表语从句的连接词一般不省略。问题是它是否值得做。Thequestioniswhetheritisworthdoing.注意：表语从句表示“是否”只用“whether”而不用“if”试区分以下句子Isthismuseumwhatyouvisited?Isthisthemuseumthatyouvisited?Isthismuseumtheonethatyouvisited?注意：这种句子考试时一定要记住这句话：名词前（尤其是单数可数名词前）一定要有限定词。然后把句子变换成陈述句，接着判断句子是属于哪种从句再完成。(表从)(定从)(定从)•Itappearsthattheyareinneedofhelp.•Ith