初中英语语法非谓语动词

NO.4MiddleSchoolKongLiHaveatry•1Hetoldusthatwhere______apicnicwasnotdecidedyet.（包头）•AhavingBtohaveChaveDhad•2Ioftenhavehamburgersforlunch.（芜湖）•-----You’dbetternot.It’sbadforyou____toomuchjunkfood.•AeatBtoeatCeatingDate•3Howkindyouare!Youalwaysdowhatyoucan____me.（江西）•Ahelp.Bhelping.Ctohelp.Dhelps.–4Wehaveorganizedtwotalentshows_____moneyforthepeopleintroubleinyingjiang.（昭通）–Atogive.Bgive.Ctoraise.Draise.–5Tomoftenmakeshisbrother____,butyesterdayhewasmade_______byhisbrother.（三亚）–Acry,tocry.Btocry,cry.Ccry,cry.Dtocry,tocry–6Doyouknowwhyheleftsoearly?（绍兴）–-----_____fortheEnglishtest,Iguess.–ATostudy.Bstudy.Cstudied.Dstudying.非谓语动词动词不定式基本形式及特点用法注意事项（1）基本形式：to+动词原形（在某些情况下可以不带to）（2）特点：A.没有人称和数的变化C.有时态和语态的变化（被动语态的形式为tobe+动词过去分词）B.可以有自己的宾语和状语(3)用法：A、作主语，如Tolearnaforeignlanguageisnoteasy.=It’snoteasytolearnaforeignlanguage.注意：不定式短语作主语如果太长，常用it作形式主语，将不定式后置。除动词be外，常见的动词有take也常用于上述结构Ittookmetwohourstocleanmyhouseyesterday.B、作表语，如Theimportantthingistofinishtheworkontime.作宾语C、动词+todo动词+it(形式宾语）+宾补+todo常用的词有：want，wouldlike,hope，decide,prefer，等动词不定式和疑问词连用Wehaven’tdecidedwhentoleave..IfinditimportanttolearnEnglish.作宾补动词+宾语+todoLiMeiaskedmetoshowherthenewdictionary.•有以上结构的常用动词有等词tell，want，ask，order，teach，invite，wish，help，encourage等词动词+宾语+do(不带to的不定式)注：常用的动词是：感官动词see,hear,feel,watch,notice；使役动词have,make,let.作状语•A目的状语•放在go，come，use，live，Inorder等词的后面•例如：Icometovisityou•Hewenthometoaskformoney•Hestudieshardinordertohaveagoodjobinthefuture.•B原因状语•放在sorry，glad，surprised，excited等词的后面•I’mgladtoseeyou•I’msorrytohearthat.C结果状语•Theroomislargeenoughtohold1000people•Sheistooyoungtogotoschool作定语•动词不定式做定语放在修饰的名词或代词之后•例如：Hewasthefirststudenttogointotheclassroom.•Ihavesomethingimportanttotellyou•Icandonothingtohelpyou•提示：如果动词不定式和前面所修饰的词构成动宾关系，且动词是不及物动词，切记不要忘记后面的介词。•Ihaveasmallbedroomtolivein•Myparentshavemanyanimalstotakecareof.在学习动词不定式的时候还有两点要注意哦！1、在感官动词和使役动词后作宾补时，不定式可省略to,但以上词变为被动语态时，要加上to,如Ialwayssawherplayviolin.Hewasmadetowork12hoursaday.2、动词不定式的否定形式为：not+todoMr.Smithaskedtheboy___________(notplay)thiskindofgame.nottoplayPleasehavehim__________(notdo)somuchhousework.notdoHaveatest1.It’stimeforus_______(have)supper2.Heisoldenough(join)thearmy.3.Ittookusanhour（work）outtheproblem.4.Wouldyoulike(go)shoppingwithme.5.Theyprefer(stay)athomeratherthangoout.6.I’mveryglad(meet)youhere.7.Ifeelstrange(have)atwinsister.8.Isawthem(come)intotheroomjustnow.tohavetojointoworktogotostaytomeettohavecome9.Whathesaidmademe(feel)sorry.10Haveyougotanything(say)?11.Haveyoudecidedwhichone(choose)?12.Heistooweak(carry)thebigbox.13.Hisplanis(spend)afewdaysinthemountains.14.Doyouknowwhen(leave)?15.I’msorry,Iforgot(tell)youthenews.tochoosefeeltosaytocarrytospendtoleavetotell16Grannyoftentellsus——waterinourdailylifeA.saveB.savingC.tosaveD.saves17Ifpricesrisetoohigh,thegovernmenthastodosomething———it.AstopBstoppedCstoppingDtostop18--Whyareyousoexcited?--Peterinvitedme————onatriptoYuntaiMountain.A.togoB.goC.goingD.wentCCDAHaveatest19Thebossmadetheworkers______12hoursaday.A.worksB.toworkC.workD.working20Mygrandparentshavealotofanimals._______A.totakecareofB.takecareC.totakecareD.totakingcareof21Isawhim______hiscoatandranout.A.puttingonB.putonC.toputonD.putson22Theyoungmanusedto________towork,butheisusedto______toworknow.A.drive,walkingB.drove,walkedC.drive,walksD.driving,walkCABAHaveatest23Whydidyoubuyaradio?----IboughtaradioEnglish.A.learnB.learningC.tolearnD.belearning24.Ifpeoplecuttingdowntheforests,theywillhavenowhere———.A.keep,toliveinB.willkeep,toliveinC.keep,toliveD.willkeep,tolive25IttookusthreehoursthehouseA.toclean.B.clean.C.cleaned.D.cleaning26It’simportantourschoolclean.A.tokeepB.keepingC.keptD.keep27.It’srainingheavilyoutside,you’dbetteroutAnottogoB.notgoC.tonotgoD.notgoing.CCAABNO.4MiddleSchoolKongLi基本形式及特征用法注意Haveatry1.SheprefersTVtolisteningtomusiceveryday.A.watchingB.watchC.towatchingD.towatch2.Ifeelmyheartveryfastnow.A.beatenB.beatingC.beatD.tobeat3.---Whatisawritingbrushusedfor,doyouknow?---It’susedfor_________.A.writeB.towriteC.writingD.wrote4.---Ihavetrouble_________mathsthisterm.---Youshouldpaymoreattentiontoyourteacher’sadvice.A.learningB.learnC.tolearnD.learnt5.Ispentalotoftime_________.Englishlastweekend.A.topracticespeakingB.practicingtospeakC.practicingspeakingD.practicetospeaking•6ChinaandIndiaare____countries.(常德)Adeveloping.Bdeveloped.Cto,develop.Ddevelop.•7Nick,wouldyoumind____theseoldjeans?（杭州）-----Theylookterrible.Anottowear.Bnotwear.Cwearingnot.Dnotwearing.8Whenyouareintheforest,youcanhearsomebirds_____oboveyourhead.（德宏）Asings.Bsinging.Ctosing.Dsang.9Japanisa_____country.（河南）Adevelop.Bdeveloping.Cdeveloped.Ddevelops.10MyTVsetisbroken.I’llhaveit______tomorrow.（湘潭）Arepairs.Brepaired.Crepairing.Dtorepair.基本形式特点动词原形+ing1、具有名词、动词的一些特征。2、有时态和语态的变化用法1、作主语Pickingapplesismuchbetterthanhavingclasses.2、作宾语（1）只能接动名词做宾语的动词有finish,mind,keep,practice,enjoy,bebusy,beworth,dosome+Ving等。做介词的宾语：所有介词的后面都要接Ving形式做介词的宾语。（2）既可接动词不定式又可接动名词作宾语的动词有两类：意义区分不大：begin,start,like,love,hate,prefer等。意义不同：remember,forget,stop,goon,try,can’thelp等2、动名词的习惯用语：a.It’snoused