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(建议用时：30分钟)Ⅰ阅读理解A(2019·陕西部分学校第一学期摸底)ThomasHardy,probablythemostsearchingandknowledgeablenovelistofhistime,wasbornonJune2,1840,inDorsetshire,England.HediedonJanuary11,1928.Inhisyouth,Hardyreadmuchanddreamtofbecomingapoet,buthestudiedandpracticedarchitectureasanassistanttoaLondonarchitect,winningaprizefordesign.Thefinedescriptionsofstructureinhisnovelswereprobablysomewhatduetohisarchitecturaltraining.ForfiveyearsHardyworkedhardtopracticewritingpoetry,butwhenhewastwentyseven,heturnedtofiction.Hisfirstnovelwasfinishedby1867,butaccordingtotheadviceofGeorgeMeredithhedecidednottopublishit.Afterheabandonedhisfirstnovel,hisanothernovelDesperateRemedies,appearedin1871.Duringthenexttwentyfiveyearshepublishedtenmorenovelsandtwocollectionsofshortstories.UndertheGreenwoodTree(1872)wasneversurpassed(超越)inhappyanddelicateperfectionofart.Thisandhisnextnovel,APairofBlueEyes(1873),begantoshowdeepirony(讽刺)whichissoobviousthroughoutHardy’swritings.FarfromtheMaddingCrowd(1874)washisfirstpopularsuccess.ItshowsHardy’samazingpowerofdescribingnatureassymbolicbackgroundforhischaracters,anorganicpartoftheactionofhisstory.Thiswastheearliestofwhathecalledhisnovelsofcharacterandenvironment,whichincludedTheReturnoftheNative,Tessofthed’Urbervilles,hismasterpiece,andJudetheObscure.Notuntilhewasfiftyeightyearsoldwashisfirstcollectionofpoemspublished,andhewassixtyfourwhenthefirstpartofhisdramaTheDynastssurprisedtheliteraryworld.【解题导语】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了作家ThomasHardy和他的一些作品。1．HowdidThomasHardybenefitfromhisarchitecturalcareer?A．Hecouldpracticewritingwhileworking.B．Hemadealotofmoneytosupporthiswriting.C．Hefoundmaterialforhisnovelsandpoems.D．Heappliedarchitecturalknowledgeinhisnovels.D解析：细节理解题。根据第一段最后一句“Thefinedescriptionsofstructureinhisnovelswereprobablysomewhatduetohisarchitecturaltraining．”可知，在他的小说中细腻的结构描述可能得益于他在建筑方面的学习训练，即他把建筑知识应用到了他的小说中。故选D项。2．WhatisThomasHardy’sUndertheGreenwoodTreeconsideredtobe?A．Oneofhismasterworks.B．Hisfirstpopularsuccess.C．Hisbestnovelinperfectionofart.D．Oneofhisbestcollectionsofpoems.C解析：细节理解题。根据第三段第一句“UndertheGreenwoodTree(1872)wasneversurpassed(超越)inhappyanddelicateperfectionofart．”可知，《绿树林下》在艺术的恰当和熟练方面从未被超越。3．Whichofthefollowingisoneofhisnovelsofcharacterandenvironment?A．DesperateRemedies.B．APairofBlueEyes.C．Tessofthed’Urbervilles.D．TheDynasts.C解析：细节理解题。根据第四段第三句“Thiswastheearliestofwhathecalledhisnovelsofcharacterandenvironment,whichincludedTheReturnoftheNative,Tessofthed’Urbervilles,hismasterpiece,andJudetheObscure．”可知，Tessofthed’Urbervilles是性格和环境小说，故选C。4．Whattypeofwritingisthistext?A．Anovel．B．Abiography.C．Abookreview.D．Anewsreport.B解析：推理判断题。通读全文可知，本文主要介绍了作家ThomasHardy和他的一些作品，属于人物传记，故选B。B(2019·昆明高三调研)Astudyof500，000songsreleased(发行)intheU．K.between1985and2015showedthatpopmusichaddecreasedinhappinessandincreasedinsadness.InareportpublishedinthejournalRoyalSocietyOpenScience,researchersattheUniversityofCaliforniaexaminedhundredsofthousandsofsongsandclassifiedthembytheirmood.“‘Happiness’isgoingdown,‘sadness’isgoingup,andatthesametime,thesongsarebecomingmore‘danceable’andmore‘partylike’，”coauthorNataliaL.KomarovatoldTheAssociatedPress.Thestudyfoundsongsin2014likeStayWithMebySamSmith,WhispersbyPassengerandUnmissablebyGorgonCityhavea“lowhappiness”trend.However,tracksfrom1984likeGloryDaysbyBruceSpringsteen,WouldILieToYou?byEurythmicsandFreedombyWhamhada“highhappiness”trend.“Thepublicseemstopreferhappiersongs,eventhoughmoreandmoreunhappysongsarebeingreleasedeachyear，”theresearcherswrote.Apartfromtheemotionaltrends,researchersdiscoveredthatdancesandpopwerethemostsuccessfulstylesofmusicandthattherewasa“cleardownward”trend,withthepopularityofrockbeginningintheearly2000s.“Soitlookslike,whiletheoverallmoodisbecominglesshappy,peopleseemtowanttoforgetitallanddance，”Komarovawroteinanemail.Itwasalsofoundthatthe“maleness”ofsongs—thefrequencyofmalesingersinpopularmusic—haddecreasedduringthelast30years.“Successfulsongsarecharacterisedbyalargerpercentageoffemaleartistscomparedtoallsongs，”theywrote.Thisdiscoveryappearsatatimewhentheconversationaroundsexequalityinthemusicindustryisatitsheight,withmoremaleartistsandsongwriters.【解题导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了流行音乐表达的情绪的变化趋势。5．Theresearchersexaminedlotsofsongsto________.A．findsongsfordancesandpartiesB．choosesongsforajournalC．releasemoresongsD．knowbetteraboutsongsD解析：推理判断题。文章第二段介绍了加州大学的研究者们调查了成千上万的歌曲并把它们按情绪分类，紧接着得出歌曲分类的结果，可见他们调查歌曲的目的是想对歌曲有更多的了解，故选D。A、C两项曲解文意；B项无中生有。6．Whosemusicstyletendstobringyoumorehappiness?A．NataliaL.Komarova’s.B．SamSmith’s.C．GorgonCity’s.D．BruceSpringsteen’s.D解析：细节理解题。根据第三段中的“However,tracksfrom1984likeGloryDaysbyBruceSpringsteen...hada‘highhappiness’trend．”可知D项正确。NataliaL.Komarova为报道的合著者，而非歌手；SamSmith、GorgonCity所演唱的歌曲有让人开心感降低的趋势，故排除。7．Whatdoweknowaboutsongsoverthepastthreedecades?A．Rockbecamepopularintheearly2000s.B．Fewerunhappysongscametolighteveryyear.C．Malesingerswerebetteratperformingpopmusic.D．Femaleartistswerelessskilledinwritingsongs.A解析：细节理解题。根据第四段中的“withthepopularityofrockbeginningintheearly2000s”可知，摇滚乐在21世纪初开始流行，故A项正确。其余三个选项的内容均与文意不符。8．Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext