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简单混凝土坝的ANSYS分析计算在上课和自习ANSYS之后，尝试用ANSYS建立一个简单的混凝土重力坝，并施加简单的约束和受力，最后尝试用ANSYS求解和后处理，查看大坝的变形，应力等情况，并做简要分析。由于笔者本科初学ANSYS时老师教的是命令流方法建立模型也施加力，所以本篇全部采用命令流形式建立大坝和施力。所建大坝喂混凝土重力坝，断面如下图，拔高180m,上游垂直，下游坝面洗漱0.75.坝基上游取270m，下游取360m，坝基深度取360m，坝顶长270m，坝顶宽1.8m，上游水位100m，下游水位80m。剖面图如下一.首先，尝试对大坝的材料和材料类型形状等做出说明/prep7et,1,mesh200,6！划分用et,2,solid65！混凝土单元et,3,solid45！岩石单元mp,ex,1,2.85e10！100m以下的材料弹性模量mp,prxy,1,0.167！泊松比mp,dens,1,2400！质量密度mp,ex,2,2.6e10！100m以上的材料特性mp,prxy,2,0.167mp,dens,2,2400mp,ex,3,2.9e10mp,prxy,3,0.3！基岩特性mp,dens,3,2600二：建立模型k,1k,2,139.5k,3,18,162k,4,0,162a,1,2,3,4rectng,0,18,162,180rectng,-270,0,-360,0rectng,0,139.5,-360,0rectng,139.5,481.5,-360,0rectng,-270,481.5,-360,180aovlap,allnummrg,allnumcmp,alllsel,s,,,3,5,2lesize,all,,,5lsel,s,,,12,13,1lesize,all,,,2amesh,3lsel,s,,,2,4,2lesize,all,,,18lsel,s,,,1lesize,all,,,5amesh,1eplotlsel,s,,,11lesize,all,,,5lsel,s,,,9,10,1lesize,all,,,8,4amesh,2lsel,s,,,14lesize,all,,,5,4lsel,s,,,7lesize,all,,,8,4lsel,s,,,6lesize,all,,,5,0.25amesh,4eplotlsel,s,,,15,16,1lesize,all,,,8,4lsel,s,,,8lesize,all,,,8,0.25amesh,5eplotlsel,s,,,4,13,9lccat,alllsel,s,,,19lesize,all,,,5,4lsel,s,,,20,21,1lesize,all,,,20amesh,7eplotlsel,s,,,2,12,10lccat,alllsel,s,,,17lesize,all,,,8,4lsel,s,,,18,22,4lesize,all,,,20amesh,6eplotallsellsel,r,lccaldele,allextopt,esize,8,0,type,2mat,1Vext,1,3,2,,,-135extopt,esize,8,0,type,3mat,3Vext,2,,,,,-135Vext,4,5,1,,,-135allselextopt,esize,5,4,extopt,aclear,1type,3mat,3Vext,1,7,1,,,180local,11,0,,,-135csys,11/psymb,cs,1dsys,11vsymm,z,allnummrg,allnummcmp,allesel,s,mat,,1eplotnsle,snplotnsel,r,loc,y,100,180nplotesln,seplotmpchg,2,all/solucsys,0dsys,0nsel,s,loc,x,481.5nsel,a,loc,x,-270d,all,uxnsel,s,loc,z,180nsel,a,loc,z,-450nplotd,all,uznsel,s,loc,y,-360d,all,uyesel,s,type,,2esel,s,type,,2nsel,s,loc,x,0nsel,r,loc,z,-270+0.1,-0.1nsel,r,loc,y,0.1,100-5esln,s（模型图）至此，已经初步把模型建立并且划分了单元格，也施加了边界条件。再进行接下来的步骤。三．对建立好的模型施加荷载并求解/psf,pres,norm,2,0,1！设定显示压力方向sfgrad,pres,0,y,0,-9.81！荷载梯度sfe,all,2,pres,,9.81*100allselesel,s,type,,2nsle,sfia2=36.9local,12,0,139.5,,,fia2csys,12nsel,s,loc,y,0.1,80*1.25-25nsel,r,loc,z,-270+0.1,-0.1nsel,u,loc,x,-1000,-2esln,s/psf,pres,norm,2,0,1sfgrad,pres,0,y,0,-9.81sfe,all,4,pres,,9.81*80csys,0allselnsel,s,loc,y,0nsel,r,loc,z,-135+0.1,0.1！选择esln,sesel,r,type,,2sfcum,pres,addsfe,all,5,pres,,9.81*80！下游浮托力p0=9.81*100/139.5sfgrad,pres,0,x,0,-p0！水压力荷载梯度sfe,all,5,pres,,9.81*100allseleplotsolve！直接求解（施加了约束和荷载的情况图，未求解）求解之后，可以绘制变形图，方法是点击MAINMANU---GeneralPostproc---PlotResults---DeformedShape有三个选择，我选择的是只查看变形图，当然也可以选择对比图。还有一个比较重要的是应力图。如图，颜色由深到浅表示应力由大到小。四：分析结果可以看出，在主要的上下游水施加的荷载和自重的影响下，坝体变形最严重的应该是坝体中部的上半部分。坝体最不利的“危险区域“是应力图中，红色显示的那一部分区域。但是，明显看出我做出的应力图坝体右岸基岩应力大于左岸，而实际上我认为应该荷载和变形是对称的，那么应力图也应该是对称的，所以我应该是在某处出现了错误，如果还有机会，希望老师能够指正。