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SummaryWritingTipsonsummarywritingWhilereading1.What'sthestyleofthepassage?A.Narration记叙文B.Exposition说明文C.Argumentation议论文•Who?•When?•Where?•What?•Why?•How?TofindoutsixfactorsinNarration(记叙文)Towriteasummarywithaboutsixsentencesfromthesixfactors1)Touseyourownwords*•2)Topresenttheinformationfairly,donotgiveyourowncomments•3)Tousethethirdpersontoretell•4)Tense(narrationoftenusesthepasttense)•5)About60wordsWhilewritingWriteasummaryofAnne’sbestFriend•Whoisthemaincharacter?•Whendidthestoryhappen?•Wheredidthestoryhappen?•WhathappenedtoAnneandherfamily?•WhydidAnneandherfamilyhideaway?•HowdidAnnespendherlonelyandfrightenedlife?.Who?---AnneWhen?----DuringtheWorldWarIIWhere?---InAmsterdamWhat?---HideawayhereandthereWhy?---TheywereJewishHow?----Madeherdiaryherbestfriendwhomshecouldtelleverytingto,Inoneofherdiaries,shedescribed----•Polishyourwriting(content,coherent,logical,transitionalwords,differentstructures)•Hadwriting(neatandclear)Afterfirstwriting议论文概要写作：SummarywritingAboutArgumentationPassagestructure:Para1:TopicsentencesPara2:Mainsupportingpoints/evidencePara3：Conclusion/Suggestion.Languagerequirements:1)Touseyourownwords*2)Tobeconcise(leaveoutthedetails;Reducetheexamples;Simplifythedescriptions;Eliminateallrepetitions.)3)Topresenttheinformationfairly,donotgiveyourowncomments4)Tenses(narrationofteninthepasttense)少用长难句StepstowriteanargumentationsummaryStep1:Findoutkeysentence(s)ineachparagraphPara1:topicsentence?Gettingupearlyisofgreatimportancetousall.Para2-3:supportingsentences?WememorizethingsmorequicklyandaccuratelyWecanbecomemuchhealthier.Wehavetimetomakeaplanandgetreadyfortheday.Para4:conclusionsenetnce?Wewillcertainlybenefitalotfromit.Step2:Paraphrasethesentencesaboveinyourownwords方法点拨：改写句子时，理清要点之间的关系，不能简单地照搬原句，即用自己的话改写，做到“雁过不留痕”.不改变原意1.同意替换法.Wecanbenefitfromit=Itdoesgoodtous.2.正话反说或反话正说.1)Youwillnotsucceed=Youwillfail.2)Youcan’tbetoocarefulwhendriving=Youshouldbecarefulwhendriving.3)Ican’tagreemore=Iagreewithyou3.词性转换法Thephotoisofimportancetous=Thephotoisimportanttous.4.句式变化法Parentsshouldgivechildrenmorepraise=?ChildrenshouldbegivenmorepraisedPara1:Gettingupearlyplaysanimportantpartinourdailylife.Theimportanceofgettingupearlyinthemorningcanneverbeoveremphasized.Para2-3:Itenablesustohaveabettermemoryandahealthierbody.wewillhaveenoughtimetomakeagoodpreparationfortheday.Agoodpreparationforthedaycanbeachieved.Para4:Itwillbeofgreatbenefittous.Itwilldogreatgoodtous.Step3:writingasummarytransitionalwords,coherent,logic,strucureStep4:Polishyourwriting•Samplewriting:•Theimportanceofgettingupearlyinthemorningcanneverbeoveremphasized.Inthefirstplace,Itenablesustohaveabettermemory.What’smore,wecanbeincreasinglyhealthybybreathingfreshairandworkingoutinthemorning.Lastbutnottheleast,wewillhaveenoughtimetomakeagoodpreparationfortheday.•Inconclusion,gettingupearlywillbenefitusalot.(71words)Beginningsentences:1)Thepassage/authordiscussestheimportanceof---（本文/作者讨论了---的重要性）2)Thepassage/authorarguesthat---(本文/作者主张---)3)Thepassage/authorcompares---with---(本文/作者比较了—与----）当然,不一定每篇记叙文都包含这六个要素,但“某人做了某事,结果如何”是应当包括的。因此,要写好概要,须找到以下两个问题的答案：(1)谁做了什么？(whodidwhat)(2)结果如何？(whatwastheresult)如果是夹叙夹议的文章,还要加上这个故事给人们的启示或教育。［例1］(2011年广东)阅读下面短文,然后按要求写一篇150词左右的英语短文。WhenSamfirstgottohisboardingschoolwithhisparents,hewasveryhappy.Hethoughthewouldbeabletogohomeeveryweekend.Whenhewastoldhewouldnot,hestartedcryingbecausethethoughtofnotseeinghisparentswasdrivinghimcrazy.Hewasgivenuniformsandallotherthingsthathewouldneedfortheterm.Hestartedcryingwhenitwastimeforhisparentstoleave.Hewasthentakentothedorm,wherehesawotherchildrenhappy.Hetriedasmuchashecouldtofitinbutcouldnotbecausehismindwasathome.Hestartedfeelinghomesick(想家)andwantedtogohomesassoonaspossible.Hegotsicksoonbecausehecouldnoteattheschoolfood.Hecouldnotconcentrateintheclassroom.Allhecouldthinkwasbeingathomewithhisfamily.Hehadnomobilephoneorothermeanstogetintouchwithhisparents.Hewasangryandfeltlonely.Hethoughthisparentshatedhimandthatwaswhytheylefthiminaboardingschool.［写作内容］以约60词左右概括上文的主要内容；解题过程第一步,扫视材料可知是记叙文,于是可推知,本文的概要框架应是：Sam想家的时间、地点、原因、影响和结果。—串联要素法写作方法—串联要素法记叙文的概要,一般包括记叙文的六个要素(who;when;where;what;how;why),也就是考生应先通读阅读短文，找出这六个要素,然后用自己的话将这六个要素串成6句话即可。第二步：阅读材料，回答以下两个问题。(1)谁做了什么？Samgottoaboardingschoolandhefelthomesick.(2)结果如何？Hegotsick.Hewasangrywithhisparentsandfeltlonely.第三步：用自己的话将其串联起来。参考范文如下：范文1：Samcouldnotgetusedtothelifeoftheboardingschool,andhethoughthisparentshatedhimandlefthiminit,whichmadehimsick,angryandlonely.范文2：Inthepassage,thewritertalksaboutSam’sexperienceofhomesickness.Hesufferedalotandfeltdissatisfiedwithhisparentsafterbeingleftinaboardingschool.［例2］(2011年广州一模)阅读下面短文,然后按要求写一篇150词左右的英语短文。—内容略［写作内容］1.以约30个词概括这篇演讲稿的主要内容；2.然后以约120个词写一篇读后感,说明“诚信的重要性”。[解题过程]第一步,根据[写作内容2],快速获取大意。[写作内容2]说明“诚信的重要性”，扫读原文可以发现该文章是夹叙夹议的记叙文,那么我们可以形成概要框架:作者讲述了一个故事来说明诚信的重要性。这样,就有了方向和思路了。第二步：阅读材料,回答以下三个问题。(1)谁做了什么？ThewritertellsastoryofanoverseasChinesestudent.Thestudenthadbeencaughtwithoutaticketinthesubwaythreetimes.(2)结果如何？Hewasnotevenallowedthechanceforaninterview.(3)说明了什么？Honestyisthebestpolicy.第三步：用自己的话将其