高中英语冠词的用法 精讲精练

Articles冠词Page2我们要学习:1.冠词的介绍2.不定冠词a/an的用法3.定冠词the的用法4.零冠词的用法2Page3冠词articles冠词本身没有词义，也不单独使用。冠词+名词，帮助指明名词的含义。冠词的分类：1.不定冠词a/an2.定冠词the3.零冠词(即不用冠词)eg.aboy,anapple,thesun,bybus冠词Articles——不定冠词a/anPage5不定冠词a/an的区别规则：a用在辅音音素之前，an用在元音音素前eg.anapple,aboy____usefulbook____umbrella____hourand____half看首字母是元音发音，还是辅音发音aananaPage6Page748个国际音标7Page8Practice:用a或an填空1.Thisis____pearandthatis____apple.2.Thisis___orange.Itis___smallorange.3.Myteachergiveme___usefulbook.4.Ihave___hourtodomyhomework.5.Doyouhave___umbrella?6.Shewear___uniform.Page9不定冠词a/an的基本用法1.表示“一”或“一个”eg.auniversityanumbrella2.表示第一次提到eg.Ilookedupandsawaplane.我向上看，看到了一架飞机。Page10不定冠词a/an的用法3.表示度量，用在时间，速度，价格等名词前面，译作“每...,每一...”eg.40kilometersanhour40千米/小时threemealsaday一天三顿饭一周两次100米/秒twiceaweek100metersasecondPage11Practice:1.Takethemedicinethreetimes____day.A./B.aC.anD.the2.Franceis____EuropeancountryandChinais_____Asiancountry.Italyisalsoacountryin_____Europe.A.a;a;aB.an;an;anC.a;an;theD.a;an;/Page12不定冠词a/an的用法4.a/an+序数词，表示“再一，又一”eg.Ifailedthreetimes.I'lltryafourthtime.我失败了三次。我会再试一次。如果你失败了，你可以再试一次。Youcantryasecondtimeifyoufail.比较:the+序数词Marchisthethirdmonthofayear.强调次序。Page13Practice:1.Thecakesaredelicious.He’dliketohave___thirdonebecause____secondoneisrathertoosmall.A.a;aB.the;theC.a;theD.the;a2.Huangshanis____mostbeautifultouristsiteandIwanttovisitit____secondtimenextmonth.A.the;theB.the;aC.a;aD.a;thePage14不定冠词a/an的用法5.a/an+形容词最高级，等于averyeg.Hangzhouisamostbeautifulcity.=Hangzhouisaverybeautifulcity.杭州是一个非常漂亮的城市。比较：a/themostinterestingbook非常有趣/最有趣的书Page15不定冠词a/an的用法6.a/an+人名，表示不确定的某人eg.ASmithcalledyoujustnow.刚才有个叫史密斯的人给你打了电话。(不认识，并不清楚是哪个人，只知道叫史密斯)AMarycametovisityouwhenyouwereout.你出门的时候，有个叫玛丽的人来拜访你过了。Page16不定冠词a/an的用法7.用在少数不可数名词前，表示“一点，一种，一场，一顿，一阵等”eg.Readingisajoytome.阅读对我来说是一种乐趣。asmile一丝微笑acoffee一杯咖啡aheavyrain一场大雨makeanoise制造一些噪音Page17不定冠词a/an的用法8.用在一些固定词组中eg.inaword总而言之acoupleof一对allofasudden=suddenly突然asamatterofafact=infact事实上dosbafavor=helpsb帮助某人inadayortwo一两天后catchacold感冒haveawordwith和谁说话takeabreak休息一下Page181.-Hello,couldIspeaktoMr.Smith?-Sorry,wrongnumber.Thereisn’t____Mr.Smithhere.A./B.aC.theD.anPage19不定冠词a/an的一些搭配1.such/whata/an(+形容词)+名词eg.I'venevermetsuchagoodgirl.Whatacolddayitis!感叹句Whatapity!比较：so/howeg.Howcoldadayitis!Page20不定冠词a/an的一些搭配2.so/as/too/how+形容词+a/an+名词eg.Sheissogoodagirl!=suchagoodgirlHowcoldadayitis!BobisascleveraboyasJohn.Heistoooldamantocarrythetable.Page21不定冠词a/an的一些搭配3.quite/rather(相当)a/an+(形容词)+名词eg.Itisquiteadifficultproblem.这真是相当难的问题。=averydifficultproblemItseemsratheragoodidea.这看起来是一个相当不错的主意。4.manya+单数名词=many+复数名词eg.manyaboy=manyboys很多男孩子Page22Practice:1.What____finedayitistoday!Let’sgototheSummerPalace.A.theB.aC.anD./2.______terribleweatherwe’vebeenhavingthesedays!A.HowaB.WhataC.HowD.What冠词Articles——定冠词thePage24定冠词the的用法1.基本用法：确定特指，指特定的人或事物，或上文已经提到过的人或事物，或谈话双方都明确的人或事物。eg.Closethedoor.(谈话双方都明确的那个门)Iborrowedabooklastweek.Thebookisinteresting.(第一次提用a，第二次用the)Page25定冠词the的用法2.the+单数名词，泛指一类人或物eg.Thehorseisausefulanimal.(thehorse表示马这一类动物，而不是某一匹马)Thetraingoesfasterthanthecar.火车比汽车快。“一类”的其他方式：Atraingoesfasterthanacar.Trainsgofasterthancars.Page26定冠词the的用法3.the+序数词，the+形容词最高级，theonly,thevery,thesameeg.Iliveonthesecondfloor.ThisisthebestpresentI'veevergot.ThisistheverythingI'vebeenlookingfor.这正是我一直在找的东西。比较：a/themostinterestingbook非常有趣/最有趣的书Page27定冠词the的用法4.表示世界上独一无二的自然现象eg.theearththesunthemoontheworldtheuniverse宇宙5.表示方位、左右intheeast/westinthemiddleontherightontheleftThesunrisesintheeast.太阳从东边升起。比较:afullmoonablueskyinspacePage28定冠词the的用法6.the+乐器eg.playthepiano/violin/guitar7.the+形容词，表示一类人eg.therich/poor/young/old/sick/dead/woudedTherichgetricher,andthepoorgetpoorer.Theyounghavetolearnfromtheold.比较：playfootball/basketballPage29定冠词the的用法8.用在表示时间的词组中eg.inthemorning/afternoon/eveninginthedaytime在白天inthepast在过去inthe1980's/1980s在20世纪80年代inthe20thcentury比较：atnight/noon/dusk黄昏/midnightPage30定冠词the的用法9.the+姓氏复数，表示一家子(谓语动词用复数)eg.theSmiths史密斯一家TheJohnsaremovingtoShanghai.10.动词+sb.+介词+the+人体部位或衣物eg.Shecaughtmebythearm.她抓住了我的手臂。Aballhithimonthehead.Hekickedhiminthebelly.Page31定冠词the的用法11.the+专有名词，用在国家、组织、会议、江河湖海等地理名称前面(少数除外，如MoutainTai)eg.theUSA=theUnitedStatesofAmericathePeople'sRepublicofChinatheUnitedNations联合国thePacificOceantheNationalPeople'sCongress全国人大theWestLaketheChangjiangRivertheTaiwanStrait台湾海峡theGreatWallPage32定冠词the的用法12.句型“越...,越...”:The+比较级，the+比较级eg.Themore,thebetter.TheolderIget,thehappierIam.Theearlieryougo,thesooneryouwillbeback.Themorecarefulyouare,thefewermistakesyouwillmake.→口诀在书本P10Page33Practice:1._____moonmovesaround_____sun.A./;/B.The;theC.A;aD.The;/2.Welivein_____southofChina.A.aB.theC./D.an3._____Browns_____watchingTV.A.The;isB.The;areC./;isD./;are4.Whetherearlyin____morningorlateat___night,hemaybeinhisoffice.A.the;theB.the;/C．/;theD．/;/Page344._____oldmanunderthetreeis____teacherfrom____USA.A.An;a;theB.The;a;theC.An;a;/D.The;a;/5.Hehithissisterin____face.A.herB./C.theD.theher6.Asisknowntoall,____People'sRepublicofChinais____biggestdevelopingcountryintheworld.A.the;/B./;theC.the;theD./;/7.____singe