短文改错

[感悟高考]A(2016·全国卷Ⅰ)MyuncleistheownerofarestaurantclosetothatIlive.Thoughnotverybig,buttherestaurantispopularinourarea.Itisalwayscrowdedwithcustomersatmealtimes.Somepeopleevenhadtowaitoutside.Myuncletellsmethatthekeytohissuccessishonest.Everydayhemakessurethatfreshvegetablesorhighqualityoilareusingforcooking.Myunclesaysthatheneverdreamsbecomingrichintheshortperiodoftime.Instead,hehopesthatourbusinesswillgrowsteady.答案：第一句：that→where第二句：去掉but第四句：had→have第五句：honest→honesty第六句：or→and;using→used第七句：dreams后加of;the→a第八句：our→his;steady→steadilyB(2016·全国卷Ⅱ)Thesummerholidayiscoming.MyclassmatesandIaretalkingabouthowtododuringtheholiday.Wecanchosebetweenstayingathomeandtakeatrip.Ifwestayathome,itiscomfortablebutthereisnoneedtospendmoney.Butinthatcase,wewilllearnlittleaboutworld.Ifwegoonatripabroad,wecanbroadenyourviewandgainknowledgeswecannotgetfrombooks.Someclassmatessuggestwecangotoplacesofinterestnearby.Ithoughtthatitisagoodidea.Itdoesnotcostmany,yetwecanstilllearnalot.答案：第二句：how→what第三句：chose→choose;take→taking第四句：but→and第五句：world前加the第六句：your→our;knowledges→knowledge第七句：去掉can或can→should第八句：thought→think第九句：many→muchC(2016·全国卷Ⅲ)Theteenageyearfrom13to19werethemostdifficulttimeforme.Theywerealsothebestandworseyearsinmylife.Atthefirst,IthoughtIkneweverythingandcouldmakedecisionsbyyourself.However,myparentsdidn'tseemtothinksuch.Theyalwaystellmewhattodoandhowtodoit.Atonetime,Ievenfeltmyparentscouldn'tunderstandmesoIhopedIcouldbefreelyfromthem.IshowedthemIwasindependentbywearstrangeclothes.NowIamleavinghometocollege.Atlast,Iwillbeonmyown,butIstillwanttohavemyparentstoturntowheneverneedhelp.答案：第一句：year→years第二句：worse→worst第三句：去掉first前面的the;yourself→myself第四句：such→so第五句：tell→told第六句：freely→free第七句：wear→wearing第八句：college前面的to→for第九句：need前加I一、短文改错命题原则表——高考就考这些点着眼点具体思考点词法动词时态、语态、非谓语动词、情态动词与虚拟语气名词可数不可数、单数还是复数、是否需用所有格代词主格与宾格、人称与物主、人称与反身、各种不定代词形容词、副词原级、比较级、最高级着眼点具体思考点词法冠词不定冠词、定冠词还是零冠词介词基本用法、固定搭配词性误用形容词与副词、形容词与名词、名词与动词句法连词(并列连词和从句引导词)、主谓一致，therebe句型与特殊句式行文逻辑时态一致、指代一致、逻辑一致一、冠词1．冠词的错用(2016·全国卷Ⅰ)Myunclesaysthatheneverdreamsofbecomingrichintheshortperiodoftime.________________分析：此处表示“在一段短暂的时间内”，并没有特指在哪一段时间，所以应该把the改为a。2.冠词的缺失与多余(2015·浙江高考)Iwasalwaysinterestedtoseethedriversinhurryinthemorning.________________分析：inahurry为固定词组，意为“匆忙”，故在hurry前加a。(2014·全国卷Ⅱ)Thereareallkindsoftheflowersandtreesaroundtheclassroombuildings.________________分析：表示“各种各样的花和树”时flowersandtrees应为泛指，前面不能加定冠词。故把flowers前面的the去掉。二、介词1．介词的错用(2016·全国卷Ⅲ)NowIamleavinghometocollege.________________分析：leave...for...“离开某地到另外一个地方”。故to改为for。(2014·四川高考)Today,Iamgoingtotalkwithwhatyoushoulddowhenafirealarmgoesoff.________________分析：句意：今天，我想谈一下火警响后你们应该做什么。talkaboutsth.意为“谈论某事”，talkwithsb.意为“与某人谈话”，故with改为about。2.介词的缺失与多余(2015·陕西高考)Mysoccercoachretiredinlastweek.________________分析：当用作时间状语的词前有last，next时，其前不用介词。故去掉介词in。(2014·全国卷Ⅱ)Wecanlieonthegrassforarest,orsitbythelakelisteningmusic.________________分析：listen是不及物动词，后接宾语时要跟介词to，故listening后加to。三、名词1．名词数的错用[单句改错](2016·全国卷Ⅲ)Theteenageyearfrom13to19werethemostdifficulttimeforme.________________分析：13至19岁的那几年，year当然要用复数形式。故year改为years。2．名词与形容词、名词与动词的错用(2016·全国卷Ⅰ)Myuncletellsmethatthekeytohissuccessishonest.________________分析：主语是key，表语与其构成同位关系，并非对主语的描述，应用名词。故honest改为honesty。(2013·全国卷Ⅱ)Thismadeforthegrowintheporcelainindustry.________________分析：此处grow要作介词for的宾语，应用名词形式。故grow改为growth。四、代词1.代词错用：人称代词、物主代词、不定代词以及反身代词(2016·全国卷Ⅱ)Ifwegoonatripabroad,wecanbroadenyourviewandgainknowledgewecannotgetfrombooks.________________分析：由前面的“wegoonatrip”和“wecanbroaden”可知，应把your改为our。(2016·全国卷Ⅱ)Itdoesnotcostmany,yetwecanstilllearnalot.________________分析：本句中代词much代替不可数名词muchmoney作动词cost的宾语，而many通常代替可数名词的复数形式。故many改为much。(2016·太原五中模拟)Ineedtotakesomeexerciseeverydayandfindwaystorelaxme.________________分析：句意：我需要每天锻炼，并想法放松自己。与主语I相对应的反身代词是myself。故me改为myself。2．代词的缺失与多余(2015·全国卷Ⅱ)Fiveminuteslater,Tonysawparents.分析：这里指Tony的父母，因此saw后面需加his。(2016·银川市质检)SometimeswemayfinddifficulttofollowtheteacherandsomestudentsmayevengiveuplearningEnglish.分析：本句中find为谓语动词，difficult作宾补，中间缺少形式宾语it。故find后加it。(2016·洛阳市模拟)ThatisthemanImethiminBeijinglastyear.分析：theman后为定语从句，引导词在从句中作met的宾语，可以省略。此处作met宾语的引导词whom/who/that已省略，him就不能再作met的宾语。故去掉him。五、形容词和副词1．形容词之间、副词之间的错用(2015·全国卷Ⅰ)Muchrareanimalsaredyingout.________________分析：much修饰不可数名词，rareanimals为复数形式，故把Much改为Many。2．形容词和副词比较等级的错用[单句改错]①(2016·全国卷Ⅲ)Theywerealsothebestandworseyearsinmylife.________________分析：and之前用了best，与之并列也应用最高级，故worse改为worst表示“最糟的”。3．形容词与副词、形容词与名词的错用(2015·全国卷Ⅱ)DadandIwereterribleworried.________________分析：修饰形容词worried应用副词。故terrible改为terribly。(2014·全国卷Ⅰ)Thefruitsaresmallinsize,butjuicyandtaste.________________分析：juicy为形容词，与之并列也应用形容词，tasty表示“美味的，可口的”。故taste改为tasty。六、动词1．谓语动词的错用(2016·全国卷Ⅰ)Everydayhemakessurethatfreshvegetablesandhighqualityoilareusingforcooking.________________分析：句意：每天他保证用新鲜的蔬菜和优质食用油来烹制食物。freshvegetablesandhighqualityoil与use之间为动宾关系，应用被动语态，故using改为used。(2015·四川高考)AsItellyoulasttime,Imadethreenewfriendshere.________________分析：由句中的lasttime可判定此处应用一般过去时。故tell改为told。(2015·陕西高考)Imighthavetoretireagainnextyearjustgetsomemo