高考英语听力题型分析及解题指导讲解

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高考英语听力题型分析及解题指导南京师大附中赵洁提纲1.考查目的2.试卷构成3.典型题型4.解题技巧5.考前建议高考英语试卷的主要特点1、主要测试目标定位在信息的接受、处理和表达等语言交际能力的考查上。2、不仅考查了基本的英语语言运用能力,而且更加重视学生的逻辑推理等思维能力的考查。3、试题的取材密切联系当前政治、经济、科技、生活等各个方面,语言真实,贴近时代,贴近生活。听力测试考查什么?宏观上1.理解英语语音的能力。2.获取和处理语言信息的能力。3.思维能力。微观上1.能抓住听力材料的关键词,理解话语之间的逻辑关系,并能进行简单推断。2.能听懂日常的要求和指令,并能根据指令进行操作。3.能从听力材料中提取要点,理解讲话人的观点和意图。4.能听懂听力材料中对人和物的描写,情节发展及结果。5.能识别不同语气所表达的不同态度和情感。6.能听懂广播或电视中英语新闻,天气预报等的主题和大意。7.能听懂委婉的建议或劝告。8.能从言谈中判断对方的态度,喜好,立场及隐含的意思。9.能理解一般的幽默。试卷构成听力部分共20个小题,每小题1分,总分值为20分。分为两节,要求学生根据所听到的材料,从每题所给的三个选项中选出最佳选项。第一节为5段简短对话,共5小题,听力材料仅读一遍。第二节为5段较长对话或独白,共15小题,听力材料读两遍。往年试卷中,就听力材料来看,共有9段对话和1篇独白,语音纯正,语速适中,语言真实,贴近学生的生活实际。典型题型分析1.能抓住听力材料的关键词,理解话语之间的逻辑关系,并能进行简单推断。Whendidtheplanetakeoff?A.12:05.B.11:55.C.11:40.M:TheplaneforChicagoleft15minutesago.W:That’sright.Nowit’salreadyfivetotwelve.Wheredidtheconversationmostprobablytakeplace?A.Atabank.B.Atanairport.C.Atapostoffice.W:Sixairmailstampsandtworegularstamps,please.M:Hereyouare.Thatwillbeonedollarandeighteencents.2.能听懂日常的要求和指令,并能根据指令进行操作。Whichdirectiondoesthepostofficeface?A.Itfaceseast.B.Itfacessouth.C.Itfaceswest.M:Couldyoutellmehowtogettothepostoffice?W:Goeastwardalongthisstreet,thenturnleftandwalkforthreeminutes.You’resuretofinditonyourleft.3.能从听力材料中提取要点,理解讲话人的观点和意图。Whatdoesthemanmean?A.Annshouldbequiet.B.Annshouldn’thavestayedatthelibrary.C.Annshouldn’thavereturnedhome.W:Thepeoplenextdooraremakingsomuchnoise.Ican’treadthebook.M:Whydidn’tyoustayatthelibrary,Ann?It’smuchquieterthere.4.能听懂听力材料中对人和物的描写,情节发展及结果。WhatdoesthewomansayaboutRobbie?A.Heprobablywon’tlistentotheman’sadvice.B.Hehasmadeagooddecision.C.Hehasdonethesillything.M:I’llseeifIcanpersuadeRobbietogiveupdoingsuchasillything.W:Idoubtthatwilldoanygood.Hismindisalreadymadeup.Whatisthemostprobableresultoftheconversation?A.Themangothisradiorepaired.B.Themangotanewreceipt.C.Themangotanewradio.W:CanIhelpyou?M:Yes,Iboughtthisradiotwodaysago,butI’mafraiditdoesn’twork.I’dliketochangeitforanotherone.W:Yes,ofcourse.CanIseeyourreceipt?M:Yes,hereitis.W:Thankyou.Justamoment,please.5.能识别不同语气所表达的不同态度和情感。Whatistheman’sattitudeabouttheinterview?A.Heisworried.B.Heissatisfied.C.Heisangry.W:Howdidyourinterviewgo?M:Icouldn’tfeelbetter!Thequestionswerequitefair,andIseemedtofindanswerstoallofthem.6.能听懂广播或电视中英语新闻,天气预报等的主题和大意。Howmanypeoplewerehurtintheaccident?Aboutwhattimedidtheaccidenthappen?Howmanytrafficaccidentshavehappenedinthecitythismonthsofar?Whichsentencecanbestdescribestheaccident?Weinterruptedthisprogramtobringyouspecialnews.Thisafternoon,aschoolbusthatleftCentralJuniorHighschoolat3pm,wasstruckbyatruckthatranintothebackofthebus.Thestudentgettingoffandtenotherstudentshavebeenbadlyhurtintheaccident.Thetruckdriverwasalsohurt…7.能听懂委婉的建议或劝告Whatdoesthewomansuggesthimdoing?A.Callinghiscompany.B.Gettingtowork.C.Takingataxi.M:HowcanIgettoworkwithoutacar?W:Well,whydon’tyoucallforataxi?8.能从言谈中判断对方的态度,喜好,立场及隐含的意思。Whatdoesthemanmean?A.Therearetoomanyshoppingcentersalready.B.Theyaren’treallygoingtobuildanotherone.C.Hehasneverbeentothisshoppingcenter.W:They’vebuildinganewshoppingcenternearmyhouse.M:Notanotherone!听力解题技巧1.预测2.取舍3.记录1.预测快速浏览试卷上的问题和选项,预测将要听到的内容,以便集中注意力,敏锐地捕捉到和题干相关的信息。听第六段材料,回答第6-8题。6.HowdoesthemanfeelaboutDavid’swayofsleeping?A.Effective.B.Strange.C.Thebest.7.HowmanyhoursdoesDavidsleepaday?A.Four.B.Six.C.Seven.8.Whatdoesthewomansuggestattheendofthetalk?A.PeopleshoulddevelopahabitlikeDavid’s.B.Peopleneedlongerhoursofsleep.C.Peoplehavedifferentsleepinghabits.M:HowcomeDavidisalwayssofullofenergy?W:Hehasastrangebuthighlyeffectivewayofsleep.M:Whatisthat?W:Hetakesashortsleepforanhoureverysixhoursandhastotalfourhours’sleepeachday.M:Wheredidhegetthatstrangeidea?W:Hereaditfromabookwhichsaid…2.取舍不要过分苛求听懂每一个词,一些次要的或者和题干无关的信息没听懂也不要紧,要善于跳过难点,关注对听力材料的整体理解。关键是要在对整体内容理解的基础上抓住要点,抓住和题干相关的重要信息。听第10段材料,回答第17-20题。17.Whatistheaimoftheprogram?18.Whichofthefollowingwillthetraineebedoingduringtheprogram?19.Howlongwilltheprogramlast?20.Ifpeoplewanttojointheprogram,whatshouldtheydoafterthemeeting?Goodmorning,ladiesandgentleman.Iwanttotakealittleofyourtimetoletyouknowabouttheshorttrainingprogramthecompanyisnowplanning.Theprogramiscalledlearningfromadventureanditisdesignedtodevelopleadershipskills.Therewillbelecturesonpublicrelationsandmanagementaswellasoutdooractivitiessuchasclimbingmountains,longdistancerunningandcamping.Youdon’tneedanypastexperience.They’llbeknownattheprogramtest.However,thecompanywillreceiveafullreportonyourperformance.Youaresuretoimproveyourabilitytohelpotherstorealizetheirgoalsandtodealwithdifficulttasksunderdifficultconditions.Thetwelve-dayprogramwillbeinJuly.Ifyoulikeyoucanusepartofyourtwenty-daypaidholidays.Thereisnochargeforthisprogram.Ifyouareinterested,pleasewriteyounameonthispieceofpaperafterthemeeting.Thankyou.3.记录由于在短时间内不可能记住所有内容,所以有必要根据题干信息,有选择地对一些重要信息,如时间,地点,人名,数字等做简要记录。记录要使用自己认识的最迅速的符号,如可以使用字母,缩写,图画甚至中文等。WhendoesthedoctorNOThaveofficehours?A.FromonetofouronTuesday.B.AtsevenonFriday.C.AtthreeonWednesday.M:Whendoesthedoctorhaveo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