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Unit5NelsonMandela语言知识点与运用例:Modestyisoneofhisgoodqualities.谦虚是他的美德之一.Weshouldkeepthefinequalitiesoftheworkingpeople.我们应该保持劳动人民的优良品质。1.qualityn.品质(用于人)2.meanadj.1.吝啬的,小气的[(+about/over/with)]Herhusbandisverymeanaboutmoney.她的丈夫在金钱上很吝啬。2.卑鄙的,心地不好的[(+to)]Thatwasameantrick!那是一个卑劣的诡计!3.activeadj.1.活跃的;活泼的Mrs.Brownisover80andnotveryactivenow.布朗太太已八十多岁,现在不大活动了。2.积极的;勤奋的Hebecameanactivesocialreformer.他成了一位积极的社会改革家。3.在活动中的;在进展中的MountVesuviusisanactivevolcano.维苏威是一座活火山。4.generousadj.①.慷慨的,大方的[(+with/in/to)]Sheisgenerousingivinghelp.她乐于助人.Hewasgeneroustoeverybodywithmoney.他在金钱上对每个人都很大方.②.宽宏大量的,宽厚的[(+to/towards)]Heisgeneroustowardshissubordinates.他待部属很宽厚.③.大量的;丰富的;丰盛的Shegavemeagenerouslunch.她请我吃了一顿丰盛的午餐.自私的,利己主义的;只顾自己的Sheisaselfishgirl.她是个自私自利的女孩。5.selfishadj.6.devotedadj.1.献身的;虔诚的;专心致志的Hewasstilldevotedtothestudyofchemistry.他仍专心研究化学.2.忠实的;挚爱的Mrs.Joneshadaverydevotedhusband.琼斯太太有一位忠实的丈夫.7.diefor为某种事业或目的而死dieforone’scountry/thepeople/thecause.dieof死于内因diefrom死于外因diefromacaraccident.由于车祸而死dieby死于暴力,刀或剑等凶器diebythesword/hanging.bedyingfor极想得到...Sheisdyingforacupofwater.diethroughcarelessness因过失而死die…down凋落,消失dieaway消失（渐渐远去）Thesounddiedaway.声音渐渐远去。dieout绝种Thiskindofanimalisdyingout.8.foundvt.1.建立;建造ThepilgrimsfoundedacolonyinPlymouth.清教徒们在普利茅斯创建了一个殖民地.2.创立,创办Theyfoundedacollege.他们创办了一所大学.9.believein1.信仰ChristiansbelieveinJesus.基督徒信仰耶稣。2.信任Webelieveinhim.我们信任他。3.相信...的效用Jimbelievesinfreshairandmorningexercises.吉姆坚信新鲜空气及早操有益处。Hewon’tgiveuptheexperimentevenifhehasfailedmanytimes.Hisfatherhasgivenupsmoking.Thisisagoodidea.Youshouldn’tgiveitup.Shegaveupherjobtolookafterhermother．10.giveup+n./pron/v-ing只能接动名词作宾语的动词avoid,consider,dislike,enjoy,excuse,finish,imagine,mind,miss,suggest,stop,feellike,giveup,can’thelp,can’tstandDonottalk(in)thatway.(In)thisway,youcanrememberthespelling.Don’tstandinthe/myway.Heisbetterinsomeway(s).Hepickedapenonthewaytoschool.11.inapeacefulway以和平的方式那样这样碍事在某些方面在往…的路上12.fightagainst/for/withThesoldiersfoughtbravely_______theenemy___theliberation____theircomrades.againstforwith13.be…away有…远(指距离、时间)1)我家离这里只有两条街。Myhouseisonly2blocksawayfromhere.2)他的生日在两周以后。Hisbirthdayistwoweeksaway.intwoweeks.1)她整天往外跑你不担心吗？Doesn’titworryyouthatshespendssomuchtimeawayfromhome?2)不要发愁。Don’tworryyourself.14.worryvt.worrysb.that使某人担心worryoneself使自己担心worryvi.worryabout=beworriedabout担心worryoversth.因某事担心1)他担心考试不及格？Heworriedthathewouldfailtheexam.2)因为担心孩子的病，她瘦了。Shelostweightbecausesheworriedaboutherson’sillness.1)I’mworried______herdrivingthecartonightonthewetroad.A.ofB.aboutC.onD.at2)Hisdangerousdrivingalways_______me.A.worryaboutB.worriesaboutC.worriedaboutD.worries15.beoutofwork/job=loseone’sjob=beunemployed失业,没有工作Hismotherhasbeenoutofworkforhalfayear.inwork有工作Isherhusbandinwork?outof意为“在…之外”,“向…外”;表示失去,没有,用完;不再处于某种状况。反义词为into或in。①Thelittleboyranoutoftheroom.②Hetookmybooksoutofmyschoolbag.③Don’trunintotheroom.④Canyouputyourraincoatinyourpocket?outofbreath上气不接下气outofpatience不耐烦outofpetrol汽油用完了outofuse没用了outoforder出故障了outofcontrol失控了outofdanger脱离危险了outofsight看不见了outoffashion不时兴outofdate过时outofrepair无法修葺Outofsight,outofmind.眼不见,心不烦。16.as…as+主语+can/could尽可能,尽量=as…as+possibleHewasrunningasfastashecould.=Hewasrunningasfastaspossible.YoumustspeakEnglishasoftenasyoucan.=YoumustspeakEnglish_________________.asoftenaspossibleTheydidtheexperimentascarefullyastheycould.=Theydidtheexperiment___________________.Trytomakeasfewmistakesasyoucan.=Trytomake_______________________.ascarefullyaspossibleasfewmistakesaspossible某些动词(see,find,witness等)主语有时不是人而是物,即拟人用法,使句子生动。1)Thisoldhousehasseengooddays.2)Dusk(黄昏)foundaboycryinginthestreet.17.Thelastthirtyyearshaveseenthegreatestnumberof…3)Oct1,1949,saw/witnessedthefoundationofthePeople’sRepublicofChina.18.putsb.in(into)prison把……关进监狱besenttoprison(被送进监狱)beinprison(在监狱里)bethrownintoprison(被投入监狱)breakprison(越狱)prison表示蹲监狱时,其前不用冠词throwsb.intoprison=send/takesb.toprisonHehadbeeninprisonfor20years.Themanwasputinprisonforstealingacar.Anyonewhobreaksthelawshouldbethrownintoprison.Theyallwenttotheprisontovisittheprisoners.类似:bed,church,class,college,hospital,school,university,market19.either...or...(两者之中)…或…(之一)Youmaystayeitherinahotelorinaprivatehouse.IwanttovisiteitherParisorLondon.EitheryouorIamwrong.Eitheroftheboyslikessinging.EitherdayisOK.neither…nor…Hehasneithermoneynorsocialposition.Neitherparentcareswhathappenstothechild.Neitheroftheboyslikestoplaysuchagame.both…and…BothheandIarewrong.Bothoftheboyslikesinging.①accept(接受)表示主观上乐意接受。receive(收到,得到),表示客观收到,还不能断定是否接受。Ireceivedhisletterofinvitation,butIdidn'tacceptit.20.accept与receive的区别：②accept还表示“答应”、“同意”、Heaskedhertomarryhimandsheaccepted.③receive还表示“接待”、“接收”、“欢迎”Shewasreceivedintotheclub.---Haveyou_____theinvitationtotheparty?---Yes,Ihave.AndI've________it.A.accepted,receivedB.received,acceptedC.received,receivedD.accepted,accepted21.attackvt.1.进攻,袭击Theenemyattackedourairportallnight.敌人彻夜都在攻击我们的机场。2.(努力地)着手干Hetriedtoattacktheproblemfromdifferentangles.他试着从各个角度来着手解决这个问题.22.asamatteroffact事实上Asamatteroffact,I'veneverbeentherebefore.事实上我从未到过那儿。23.introuble处于困境与