汽车产业论文：安徽汽车产业国际竞争力分析

仅供个人参考不得用于商业用途汽车产业论文：安徽汽车产业国际竞争力分析【中文摘要】汽车产业作为我国经济的支柱产业之一,它能带动与之相关的一系列产业的发展,在整个国民经济中发挥着重要作用。改革开放以后,我国的汽车产业有了长足的发展。尤其是经历了近20年的快速发展之后,中国与世界的汽车产业已经融入一体,中国汽车市场已经成为世界汽车市场最重要和最有潜力的部分。近年来更是出现了一批以奇瑞、吉利为代表的自主品牌企业,随着这些自主品牌生产规模的不断扩大,其产品开始逐步走向国际市场,出口的规模正在日益扩大。安徽虽然经济并不发达,汽车产业却在全国拥有一定的地位,汽车产业被安徽定位为第一支柱产业,对推动安徽经济发展具有显著作用。安徽汽车产业这些年来发展势头比较好,已经占据了全省机械工业的半壁江山,涌现出奇瑞、江汽、昌河等颇具竞争力的汽车企业,且加强自主研发,带动相关产业的发展,更是全国唯一一个拥有奇瑞、江淮两大汽车自主品牌的省份。即便如此,与发达国家的汽车产业相比,安徽汽车产业还仅在研发中低端汽车产品,高档的知名品牌有待于进一步研发,整体而言,安徽汽车的综合竞争力还有待进一步提高。本文在简述国内外相关文献的基础上,对汽车产业竞争力的形成机理进行了较为系统的阐述,对产业竞争力、产品竞争力以及国际竞争力的形成以及他们之间的联系有了进一步的说明。搜集世界主要几个汽车生产国,美国、德国、日本、韩国的近几年汽车产销的数据来说明各个国家的汽车产业竞争力,同时也简要的对安徽省这几年仅供个人参考不得用于商业用途来的汽车产业的发展情况进行了概述,比较了安徽省与世界先进水平之间的区别,采用贸易竞争力指数,即TC指数来比较各国以及各地的汽车产业国际竞争力,通过贸易竞争力指数的计算可以得出,日韩汽车产业非常发达,而且相对人口数量较少,国产车就基本满足了国内的需求,只有少量的高端车型需要进口,因此,日韩的TC指数稳定的非常高。而美国作为一个多文化的名族,日本车在美国也占有了很大的一部分地位,但是由于美国自身的出口额也比较大,相对抵消了较大的进口额,导致美国的TC指数也是比较高的。德国汽车行业更是如此,由于其出口多,进口少,因此其TC指数是最高的,最具有竞争力。之后,本文基于钻石模型对安徽汽车产业的国际竞争力进行了定性分析,即分别从要素条件、需求条件、相关及支持产业、企业战略结构和同业竞争、机遇和政府六个方面客观、全面的分析安徽省汽车产业的影响因素,并运用了具体的案例分析,用奇瑞汽车这一安徽省汽车产业的典型来作为案例,对奇瑞汽车的发展历程,国际化的道路,以及奇瑞汽车的优劣势分析,列举具体的数字说明奇瑞汽车的国际竞争力,近几年来奇瑞汽车的发展速度很快,并且创造了我国自主汽车品牌的—个神话,但其在品牌、设计等方面还存在很大的弊端。最后,本文针对前文分析的基础上,立足安徽汽车产业的发展现状,在汲取其他国家或地区汽车产业发展经验的基础上,从规模经济、技术创新、扩大出口、人才培养以及政府导向五个角度提出了全面提升安徽省汽车产业国际竞争力的对策与建议。【英文摘要】Automotiveindustryasoneofthepillar仅供个人参考不得用于商业用途industriesofoureconomy,itcanbringarangeofrelatedindustries.Itplaysanimportantroleinthenationaleconomy.China’sautoindustryhasmadegreatprogressafterreformandopeningup.Especiallyafternearly20years’development,Chineseautomarkethasbecomeoneofthemostimportantandmostpromisingpartsoftheworld’sautomotivemarket.Inrecentyears,astheemergenceofagroupofautocompanies,likeChery,Geely,theChina’sindependentbrandshasrepresented,Asthesecompaniescontinueexpandingtheirproductionscale,theproductsbegantograduallyentertheinternationalmarket,andthesizeofexportsisgrowing.AlthoughtheeconomyofAnhuiisnotdeveloped,theautomobileindustryhasacertainstatusintheprovince.TheautomobileindustryispositionedasthefirstpillarindustryinpromotingthedevelopmentofAnhui’seconomic.Anhuiautomobileindustryhasdevelopedbetterintheseyears,andoccupiedhalfoftheprovince’smachineryindustry.TheemergenceofsomecompetitiveAutomobilecompanieslikeChery,JAC,Changhe,hasstrengthenindependentresearchandthedevelopmentofrelatedindustries.AnhuiistheonlyoneprovincehasChery,JACtwomajorautobrandsinChina.Evenso,comparedwiththeautomobileindustryindevelopedcountries,仅供个人参考不得用于商业用途Anhuiautomobileindustryhasdevelopedonlyinthelow-endautomotiveproducts,high-endbrandstobefurtherdeveloped.Onthewhole,theoverallcompetitivenessofAnhuiautomobileindustryhastobefurtherimproved.Thispaperonthebasisofrelevantliterature,hasasystematicexpositionofthecompetitivenessoftheautomotiveindustry,andtheformationandthelinkbetweenindustrialcompetitiveness,productcompetitivenessandtheinternationalcompetitivenesshasbeenfurtherinstructions.Examplifytheworld’smajorautomobilecountries,liketheUnitedStates,Germany,Japan,SouthKoreainrecentyears,tocollectautomobileproductionandsalesdatatoillustratethecompetitivenessoftheautoindustryinthesecountries.AlsobrieflythedevelopmentoftheautoindustryinAnhuiProvinceinrecentyears,andcomparetheworldadvancedlevelwithAnhuiProvincetofindthedifferencebetweenthem.Usethetradecompetitivenessindex,theTCindexisusedtocomparetheinternationalcompetitivenessoftheautoindustryofdifferentcountries,uponcalculationoftradeindex,JapaneseandKoreanautomobileindustryiswelldeveloped,andrelativelysmallpopulation,domesticcarisbasicallytomeetthedomesticdemand,onlyasmallnumberofhigh-endmodelshastobeimported.Therefore,仅供个人参考不得用于商业用途theTCofJapanandSouthKoreaisveryhigh.Asthenameofamulti-culturalfamily,TheUnitedStateshasalotofJapanesecarstooccupyalargepartoftheposition.FortheexportsoftheUnitedStatesisrelativelylarge,relativelyoffsetthelargeramountofimports,leadingtotheU.S.TCindexisrelativelyhigh.EspeciallytheGermanautomotiveindustry,duetoitsexportmore,importless,sotheTCIndexisthehighest,themostcompetitivecountry.Then,BasedontheDiamondModel,makequalitativeanalysisaboutAnhuiautomobileindustry’sinternationalcompetitiveness,respectively,fromthefactorconditions,demandconditions,relatedandsupportingindustries,businessstrategyandindustrystructureandcompetition,opportunitiesandthegovernmentsixobjectiveandcomprehensivefactorsaffectingtheautoindustryinAnhuiProvince.AnduseCheryAutomobileasatypicalautomotiveindustry,toanalysisthehistoryofthedevelopmentofCheryAutomobile,andtheadvantagesanddisadvantagesofCheryAutomobile,citingspecificfigurestoillustratetheinternationalcompetitivenessofCheryAutomobile.Chery.Eventhoughtherearestillsignificantshortcomingsaboutitsbrandanddesign.Finally,thispaperbasedontheprecedinganalysis,basedonthecurrent仅供个人参考不得用于商业用途developmentofAnhuiautomobileindustry,learnfromexperiencesofothercountriesinthedevelopmentofautomobileindustry,fromeconomiesofscale,technologicalinnovation,expandingexports,trainingandgovernmentorientationthesefiveaspectstoproposemeasuresandsuggestionstoenhancetheinternationalcompetitiv