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(,510275):,,:,;;,,,,,:;;;;:DF0-059:A:1001-9839(2006)03-0033-10OnLogicalFoundationofLegalArgumentinCriminalTrialXIONGMingOhui(InstituteofLogicandCognition,SunYatOsenUniversity,Guangzhou510275,P.R.China)Abstract:Legalsyllogismisthebasicmodelwhichisusedbytheaccuser,thedefenderandthejudgeincriminaltrial.Whatisitslogicalfoundation?Therearemainlythreekindsofviewpointsuptonow.Accordingtotraditionaltheory,itiscategoricalsyllogism,anddeductiviststhinkitiswholedeductivelogic,whileantiOdeductivistsdenythatlogicplaysanimportantroleinatrial.Inthispaper,ourcon2clusionisthatlegalsyllogismmusthaveitslogicalfoundation,sowecriticizeantiOdeductiviststand2pointofrealism.Inconclusion,weinvestigatethelogicalfoundationoflegalargumentincriminaltrial,andthenrevisethetraditionallegalargumenttheoryonthebasisofnonOmonotoniclogicbyrepresentingtheruleofpresumedinnocentinthedefaultrule.Keywords:Syllogism;legalsyllogism;criminaltrial;legalargument;nonOmonotoniclogic,,,:2006-02-11:(1968-),,,33,1::::,,,,,:,,,,,,,,,12,,2::::,,:,,,,:,,,[1](253)19,,3AAA4EAE3::MAP:SAM:SAP4::MEP:SAM:SEP,(RichardA.Posner):,:,;;,,,[2][54],,,,,,,AAAEAE,,,,,AAAEAE,AAA,EAE,AAAEAE,,43:1,,2,,12,12AAAEAE12,,AAAEAE,:,SaP,,,SaPSeP;,12,:(1);(2);(3),,:,,,11,,,,3:,,,,;,,;,,,,:SX,SH,,WQ,Jw,GY,LG,EN,CS,HZ,:,,,,,((2000)1484)4,,,,,,,,53,,,,,,,,lv,lw,,,lxlylz()l{l|,:l},l~,mu,mv2000731,,,,,,,,,21,(H.L.A.Hart),,,[2](128),,,,,,:?,,:(opentexture)63l{,,,,:?,,,:,,,,,,,,[3][58-61],:5,,,,?,,,():,,[4][29],,:,:,,;,,,,,,,,:;;,,,,,,:,,,:,,,AAAEAE:73,83,,,,4?,,,,5?;,,:6204:,:();,,,,,,,:,,,[6]:23-5,(O.W.Holmes),,(K.N.Llewellyn):,,(KarlEngisch),,,,(SpirosSimitis)(nonformal)(TheodorHeller),,[8](53-78)(ChaimPerelman),,;[7](107)(StephenToulmin),,[8](133):,,,,,:(93,),,,[3][71-72],,,,,(J.E.Hutchesen),,[4](32),1-5,,6?,?,,,,,,,,,[9](B.Cardozo):(),,,[10](17-18),,:,1,4,,,,,,24,,,:7,,,AAA:1::MAP:SAM:SAP2,,,2:2::(x)(LxFx):La:Fa04,,14:[1].[M].:,1984.[2].[M]..:,2003.[3]A.[M].:,2002.[4],,.[M].:,2002.[5].[J].,2003,(05):86-89.[6].[A]..(1)[C].:2005.[7]JosephHorovitz,LawandLogic:ACriticalAccountofLegalArgument,Spinger-Verlag/Wien,1972.[8]Cf.FransH.vanEemerenatel,FundamentalsofArgumentationTheory,LawrenceErlbaum,1996.[9].[J]..,1991,(05).[10].[M].:,1998.[11]DonaldNute,Defeasiblelogic,O.Bartenstcinetal.(Eds.):INAP20012543,pp.151-169,2003.SpringerOVerlagHeidelberg.(:)24