高中英语定语从句复习课件

定语从句专题十七——定语从句备战高考英语一轮复习考纲解读………………………………………知识要点………………………………………考点诠释………………………………………高考链接………………………………………定语从句1.定语从句及其相关概念;2.关系代词引导的定语从句;3.由as引导的定语从句;4.关系副词引导的定语从句;5.使用定语从句的注意事项3.区别几种句型1.定义及术语2.比较关系词学习目标1.定语从句及相关概念•定语：可由形容词、名词、代词、数词、介词短语、不定式、分词等充当。•如果是一个句子充当定语，那么这个句子就是定语从句。•ThegirlwhoisstandingthereisMary.定语从句(1).概念：在复合句中，修饰某一名词或代词的从句，叫定语从句。•ThegirlwhoisstandingthereisMary.•先行词关系词(2).先行词：被定语从句所修饰的词。关系词：引导定语从句的词。(3).关系词关系词关系代词关系副词thatwhichwhowhomwhoseas等whenwherewhy等关系词先行词所指关系词在从句中作用关系代词that人/物主、宾、表which物主、宾、表、定（偶尔）who人主、宾whom人宾whose人/物定as人/物主、宾、表关系副词when时间时间状语where地点地点状语why原因原因状语4).关系词(4).定语从句的分类：（1）限定性定从：与先行词关系密切，必不可少,它与先行词之间无逗号。（2）非限定性定从：是先行词的一个附加说明，去掉也不影响主句的意思，它与主句之间通常用逗号分开。Hewasreadingabook,whichwasaboutwar.HissonwhoworksinShanghaihascomeback.Hisson,whoworksinShanghai,hascomeback.(就一个)(5).各关系代词的使用方法（A）who,whom,that代替先行词指人的名或代词，who代人，在从句做主语，也可代替作宾语的whom，前不能有介词，如有介词则必用whom（指人结构：介词+whom）。如:Thegirlwho/thatisdressedinredismysister.(做主语)Idon’tknowtheman(who/whom/that)youtalkedwith.(做宾,省)注：以下情况时，who不与that通用a.先行词为one(s)/anyone/those时,用who.b.当先行词有较长定语时用whoImetaforeignerinthestreetyesterdaywhocouldaskmequestionsinChinese.c.一个句子中带有两个定语从句，其中一个定从的关代词是that另一个用who.Theboythatyoumetlastnightisthegroupleaderwhostudiesveryhard.d.在therebe开头的句中用whoThereisamanwho……1.Women____drinkmorethantwocupsofcoffeeadayhaveagreaterchanceofhavingheartdiseasethanthose_____don’t.A.who;/B./;whoC.who;whoD./;/(06BJ)2.Heistheonlyoneofthestudentswho______awinnerofscholarshipforthreeyears.A.isB.areC.havebeenD.hasbeen3.Inthedarkstreet,therewasn’tasingleperson_____shecouldturnforhelp.A.thatB.whoC.fromwhomD.towhom(B)whose指人或物，只做定语.若指物，还可用ofwhich互换。Isawawomanwhosebagwasstolen.（＝her）Pleaseshowmethebagwhosecoverisred.Theboywhosefatherisaworkerstudiesveryhard.Thebookwhosecoverisgreenbelongstome.(=ofwhichthecover=thecoverofwhich)1.GeorgeOrwell,_____wasEricArthur,wrotemanypoliticalnovelsandessays.(04Beijing)A.therealnameB.whathisrealnameC.hisrealnameD.whoserealname2.Lookout!Don’tgettooclosetothehouse_____roofisunderrepair.A.whoseB.whichc.ofwhichD.what3.HaveyouseenthefilmTitanic,____leadingactorisworld-famous?A.itsB.it’sC.whoseD.which4.Lastmonth,partofSoutheastAsiawasstruckbyfloods,from_____effectsthepeoplearestillsuffering.(05Tianjin)A.thatB.whoseC.thoseD.what5.Ihavemanyfriends,____somearebusinessman.(05)A.ofthemB.fromwhichC.whoD.ofwhom6.Iwastoldthattherewereabout50foreignstudents_____Chineseintheschool,most____werefromGermany.(06Liaoning)A.study;ofwhomB.study;ofthemC.studying;ofthemD.studying;ofwhom7.Wesawseveralnativesadvancingtowardsourparty,andoneofthemcameuptous,____wegavesomebellsandglasses.(06Hunan)A.towhichB.towhomC.withwhomD.withwhich(C)关代which，that它们所代替的先行词指事物的名或代词．在从句中可做主，宾语等，that还可做表语．介词后不能跟that，而跟which.Hismotherdoesmorningexerciseseveryday,whichisgoodforherhealth.在限定性定从中,which和that都指物时，可通用。Thisisthehousewhich/thatbelongstome.Ilostthebook(that/which)yougiveme.(可省）★Thecityisnolongertheonethatitusedtobe.(表）（必背经典句）D.as指人，物.常用固定搭配中，用在thesame…as…,such…as…,as…as…,so…as…做主，宾和表语等,as不可省．“像．．．一样的／之类的”Suchmenasknowhimpraisehim./=Thosewhoknowhim…(S)Suchfilmsasyoudescribecan’tbeshownatall.(O)Iwillbuythesamebikeasyou.(O)Asisknowntoall,sheisthebeststudentinourclass.Thisisthesamemuseumthatyouoncevisited.(E).which与as引导非限制性定从区别:(a).as放在句末,句首和句中都可,而which引导非限定从不能放在句首.Asweknow,smokingisharmfultoone’shealth.(b).as引导非限从具有“正如；正像”的含义，其与主句关系是一致的，常与see，know，hear,watch，remember，say，tell，show，expect，guess等连用表看法，态度，解释或评论．(c)asiswellknownasweallseeasoftenhappensashasbeensaidbeforeDorothywasalwaysspeakinghighlyofherroleintheplay,______,ofcourse,madetheothersunhappy.A.whoB.whichC.thisD.whatTheweatherturnedouttobeverygood,____wasmorethanwecouldexpect.A.whatB.whichC.thatD.itsuch/so…that…和such/so…as…的区别Thisissuchadifficultquestion_____noonecananswerit.Thisissuchadifficultquestion____noonecananswer.A.thatB.asC.whichD.whatAB定语从句和并列句的区别Theoldmanhastwosons,bothof______arecollegestudents.Theoldmanhastwosons,andbothof____arecollegestudents.A.whoB.whomC.themD.theyBC_____Iexplainedonthephone,yourequestwillbeconsideredatthenextmeeting.(05Zhejiang)A.WhenB.AfterC.AsD.Since_____isreportedinthenewspapers,talksbetweenthetwocountriesaremakingprogress.(04Beijing)A.ItB.AsC.ThatD.What_____hasbeenannounced,weshallhaveourfinalexamsnextmonth.(03Shanghaispring)A.ThatB.AsC.ItD.WhatAftergraduatingfromcollege，Itooksometimeofftogotravelling,turnedouttobeawisedecision.(10Sichuan)A．thatB．whichC．whenD．where____isknowntoeverybody,themoontravelsroundtheearthonceeverymonth.A.ItB.AsC.ThatD.WhatAsachild,Jackstudiedinavillageschool，____isnamedafterhisgrandfather．（2010I)AwhichBwhereCwhatD.thatF.关副when,where,why引导定从1)分别在从句中做时状，地状，原状.相当于“prep＋which”结构互换.ThisistheofficewhereIworked．Idon’tknowthereasonwhyhecamesolate.IrememberthedayswhenIwaseducatedatthatschool.I’llneverforgetthedayImetmyfavoritepopstar.(Time)IstillrememberthedayIfirstmetJennifer.Ialsoenjoyedthesummerholidaywhen?wespenttogether.(which)ShanghaiistheplaceIwasborn.(Pla