高中英语人教新课标必修五unit5_知识点

1.aid帮助,援助,赞助firstaid急救withtheaidof在…的帮助下aidsbwithsth帮助某人做某事aidsbindoingsth帮助某人做某事1．完成句子(1)Wearecollectingmoney(在许多好心人的帮助之下)______________________________________。(2)Theyencouragedand____________________________(帮助他搞科研)．Withtheaidofkindperson(2)aidedhiminhisscientificstudies2.fallill生病属短暂性动词,不与for+时间段连用beill指生病的状态,是持续性行为,可与for+时间段连用Hiswifesuddenlylastweek.Hehasforaweek.fall用作系动词,后常接形容词.fallasleep睡着fallsilent沉默不语fellillbeenill•hurt•injure•wound肉体，精神上的伤害（一般用语），疼痛意外或事故而受伤指外伤（刀、枪、剑伤）Hegot_________inthefighting.Hewasbadly_______inacaraccident.Herwords________medeeply.I_________mybackwhenIfell.Myfeet_______.woundedinjuredhurthurtinjured4bleed-blood-bloody(v.)(n.)(adj.)他在流鼻血。Hisnosewasbleeding.=Hewas__________________.=Hehasa_______nose.bleedingatthenosebloodybleedforbleedsb.whitebleedtodeath为…而流血,悲痛榨干血汗出血过多而死losebloodfleshandbloodnew/freshblood流血、失血血肉之躯新人Shechokedwithemotion.她激动得说不出话来。Thesmokealmostchokedme.烟呛得我几乎喘不出气来。Thehallwasfilledwithchokingcloudsofsmoke.大厅里充满了使人窒息的烟雾。5.chokevi.&vt.窒息;阻塞6.swellv.膨胀，隆起①她的腿肿得很厉害。②风鼓起了帆。③大雨使河水上涨了。Herleghasswollenbadly.Thewindswelledthesails.Theheavyrainswelledtheriver.swollen可作形容词，表示“肿胀的”Hereyeswereredandswollenwithweeping.她的眼睛哭得又红又肿。7.squeezeout榨出，挤出他们被年轻人挤出了就业市场。Theyhavebeensqueezedoutofthejobmarketbyyoungpeople.squeezemoneyfromsb向某人勒索钱财squeezemoneyoutofsb那个年轻人经常向那个小学生勒索钱财。Theyoungmanoftensqueezesmoneyfrom/outofthepupil.8.inplace适当；在适当的位置keep/hold...inplace保持……在适当的位置outofplace在错误的位置，在不当的位置完成句子(1)________________________(把绷带固定在合适的地方)withtape.(2)__________________(一切准备就绪)，shestartedtheslideshow.WitheverythinginplaceHoldthebandageinplace名师一线讲坛7．完成句子(1)________________________(把绷带固定在合适的地方)withtape.(2)__________________(一切准备就绪)，shestartedtheslideshow.名师一线讲坛(3)Ilikeeverything______________(都放在原来的地方)．答案：(1)Holdthebandageinplace(2)Witheverythinginplace(3)tobeinplace3saveone’slife救某人的命saveone’shonorsaveone’sfacesaveone’sskin保全名誉保全面子避免受伤4Didyouorsomeoneelsegivehelpinanyofthem?Ifso,…Ifso,=Ifitistrue,Doyouwanttobeasuperman?Ifso,comewithme!Ifso,=Ifyouwant,5bite(bit,bitten)biteoffmorethanonecanchew贪多嚼不烂Oncebitten,twiceshy.吃一堑，长一智。bitethehandthatfeedsone恩将仇报biteaperson’sheadoff严厉斥责，口气凶猛Reading1protect…against\fromdoingsth保护、维护prevent…fromdoingsth防止、妨碍Heputonhiscoattoprotecthimselffromcatchingcold.Nothingwillpreventusfromreachingouraim.2…anditgivesyouyoursenseoftouch.senseoftouch触觉senseofsight视觉senseofhearing听觉senseoftaste味觉Senseofhumor幽默感senseofbeauty美感3.treatment不可数名词“对待,待遇,处理;治疗工人们受到政府优厚的待遇.Theworkersreceivedgoodtreatmentfromthegovernment可数名词.“疗法”他们正在实验一种治疗癌症的新疗法.Theyaretrying_____________________________anewtreatmentforcancerbeundertreatment在治疗中beunderone’streatment接受某人的治疗fortreatment进行治疗treatmentfor+疾病的名词治…病的方法4dependon①取决于;Thepricedependsonthequality.②依赖、依靠;e.g他的一家人全靠他养活。Hisfamilydependsonhim.③信赖、信任；e.g我相信你们可以在星期五前完成你们的作业。IdependonyoutofinishyourhomeworkbyFriday.5healvt&vi(1)(尤指伤口)治愈；恢复健康healawound(2)使和解healer(cn)医治者；治疗物Timeisagreathealer.时间能够治好创伤。辨析：treat,heal,curetreat“治疗”，着重强调过程，不涉及结果，不一定治愈。heal多用于治疗外伤。cure“治愈”，强调结果。6.swellv.膨胀，隆起①她的腿肿得很厉害。②风鼓起了帆。③大雨使河水上涨了。Herleghasswollenbadly.Thewindswelledthesails.Theheavyrainswelledtheriver.swollen可作形容词，表示“肿胀的”Hereyeswereredandswollenwithweeping.她的眼睛哭得又红又肿。7damagev.损害，损坏n.损害，毁坏，破坏（不可数）①这场战争损害了两国之间的关系。②地震造成了重大破坏。Thewardamagedtherelationsbetweenthecountries.Theearthquakecausedgreatdamage.8jewellery和jewel的辨析：两者均有“珍宝首饰”之意，jewellery为集体名词，不可数；jewel为可数名词①SheappearedatthepartywearingsomeofHerfinest________.A.jewelsB.jewelleriesC.jewelD.jewellers②Iwanttobuy____asabirthdaygiftformydaughter.A.somejewelB.apieceofjewelC.ajewelleryD.apieceofjewelleryAD9.squeezeout榨出，挤出他们被年轻人挤出了就业市场。Theyhavebeensqueezedoutofthejobmarketbyyoungpeople.squeezemoneyfromsb向某人勒索钱财squeezemoneyoutofsb那个年轻人经常向那个小学生勒索钱财。Theyoungmanoftensqueezesmoneyfrom/outofthepupil.10.squeezeout榨出，挤出他们被年轻人挤出了就业市场。Theyhavebeensqueezedoutofthejobmarketbyyoungpeople.squeezemoneyfromsb向某人勒索钱财squeezemoneyoutofsb那个年轻人经常向那个小学生勒索钱财。Theyoungmanoftensqueezesmoneyfrom/outofthepupil.11.overandoveragainoverandoveragainandagainoverandagainmanytimesrepeatedlytimeandagaintimeandtimeagainfromtimetotimenowandthennowandagainsometimes多次有时他被年轻人挤出了人才市场(squeezeoutof)我一次又一次地警告过你不要再做那么傻的事。(overandoveragain)Hewassqueezedoutofthejobmarketbyyoungpeople.I’vewarnedyouoverandoveragainnottodosuchsillythings.12.Holdthebandageinplacewithtape.用胶布把绷带固定。inplace在适当的地方。如：•Thelibrarianputthereturnedbooksinplace.图书馆员把还回的图书放到原处。•You’dbetterputthingsbackinplace.你最好把你的东西放回原位。10.woundn.伤，创伤v.伤害，使受伤区别wound,injure,harm与hurt:wound指外伤，如枪伤，刀伤等，尤指在战场上受伤；也可指在感情上荣誉方面的创伤。injure指意外或事故造成损伤，强调功能的损失。harm指损害有生命或无生命的东西；也可指肉体上或精神上的损害。hurt（普通用语）指任何肉体或精神上的伤害。尤指打伤，刺伤；还可表示“疼痛”。Thebulletwoundedhiminhisarm.子弹打伤了他的手臂。Hewasinjuredinatrafficaccident.他在一次交通事故中受了伤。Wewon’tdoanythingthatwillharmthecauseofpeace.我们不会做任何危及和平事业的事。Hemeantnoharm.Hefellofftheladderandhurthisleg.他从梯子上摔下来，伤了腿。Thehurttohisfeelingsismoreseriousthanthehurtinhisbody.11.Inplace在适当的位置，适当outofplace不在适当的位置，不适当inplaceof代替taketheplaceof代替Shelikeseverything_______________beforeshestartswork