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被动语态和动词不定式的被动语态Unit2GrammarDiscoveringusefulstructuresGooverthepassivevoiceMyhamburgerwaseatenbythedog.Anewhospitalwillbebuiltinourcity.被动语态由be+过去分词构成，be随时态的变化而变化。一般现在时：am/is/are+P.PTheclassroomiscleaned.一、被动语态的构成一般过去时：was/were+p.pThesecomputersweremadeinourowncountry.一般将来时：will/shallbe+p.pShallwebeaskedtoattendtheopeningceremony?过去将来时：wouldbe+p.pThenewswouldbesenttothesoldier'smotherassoonasitarrived.现在进行时：am/is/arebeing+p.pTreesarebeingplantedovertherebythem.过去进行时：was/werebeing+p.pThefeastwasbeingpreparedwhenthebirdsarrivedinthesky.现在完成时：have/hasbeen+p.pSwiftprogresshasalsobeenmadeincultureandeducation.过去完成时：hadbeen+p.pThehugebridgehadbeendamagedbeforetheWorldWarII.将来完成时：will/shallhavebeen+p.pThebookwillhavebeenpublishedbytheendofnextmonth.含有情态动词的动词变成被动语态：情态动词+be+过去分词Thisproblemcanbesolved.这问题可解决。What’sdonecannotbeundone.覆水难收。二、动词不定式的被动语态一般时tobedone完成时tohavebeendoneIperfertobeleftathomeratherthangoshopping.Theriverisreportedtohavebeenpolluted.1.Thedishesneed2.Themailneedsrightaway.washsendtobewashed.tobesent三、不定式的主动形式表示被动1.在therebe结构中。Thereisalotofhomeworktodo.(也可用tobedone)Thereisnotimetolose(tobelost).2.在“n.／pron+be+adj.+todo”结构中。常用的形容词有easy，difficult，hard，impossible，nice，pleasant，light，heavy，interesting，important，expensive，cheap，fit，dangerous等。Heishardtoconvince.3.在“too…todo;enough…to…”结构中。如：Theproblemistoodifficulttoworkout(tobeworkedout).Thehouseisbigenoughtolivein.4.在“with+n.+todo”结构中。Withnothingtodo,helayinbed.Withsomanyexercisestodo,Ican’tgotothecinema.5.一些作表语用的不定式的主动形式。常见的这类动词有let(出租),rent，hire,blame等。Thehouseistolet.IfeltIwastoblame.用被动语态改换下列各句。1.Myfatherwillrepairmybikeforme.Mybikewillberepairedbymyfatherforme.2.Ihavefoundmywallet.Mywallethasbeenfound.3.Shetoldmetowaithereforher.Iwastoldtowaithereforher.4.Thepolicewillsurelyarrestthemurderer.Themurdererwillsurelybearrestedbythepolice.5.TheyinvitedMr.Greentomakeaspeech.Mr.Greenwasinvitedtomakeaspeech.6.Thestudentscleantheirclassroomeveryday.Theirclassroomiscleanedbythestudentseveryday.7.Youmustn’ttakethosebooksoutofthereading-room.Thosebooksmustn’tbetakenoutofthereading-room.8.Ididn’ttellyouthegirlcoulddothejob.Youweren’ttoldbymethatthegirlcoulddothejob.9.DopeoplespeakEnglishinyourcountry?IsEnglishspokeninyourcountry?10.Hegavemeapresent.Iwasgivenapresent.Apresentwasgiventome.11.Motheroftentellsherchildrenastoryatbedtime.Childrenareoftentoldastoryatbedtimebymother.Astoryisoftentoldbymothertochildrenatbedtime.1.Knives_______(use)forcuttingthings.2.Thebuilding________(build)in1987.3.Nuclearenergy____________(use)toproduceelectricitybyus.4.Severalbigmodernpowerplants___________(build)inourcitynextyear.5.Yourmistakes____________________(correct)rightnow.6.Mybike_______________(repair)byTomnow.用被动语态填空。areusedwasbuilthasbeenusedwillbebuiltshouldbecorrectedisbeingrepaired