M5 unit1 Great-Scientists Warming up & reading

ReadingWhoarethey?GuessinggameLet’shaveacompetition!Whoishe?Hehasmadeafamouskiteexperiment.Helearnedalotfromitandinventedlightningrod(避雷针).Heis…BenjaminFranklinNeverleavethatuntiltomorrow,whichyoucandotoday.今日事,今日毕。Whoishe?Heinventedelectricbulbs.Hemademorethan1,000inventionsduringhislife.Heis…ThomasEdisonThomasAlvaEdisonGeniusisonepercentinspirationandninety-ninepercentperspiration.天才就是百分之九十九的汗水加上百分之一的灵感.Whoishe?Heiscalledthegreatestscientistinthe20thcentury.HeisfamousfortheTheoryofRelativity.Heis…AlbertEinsteinImaginationismoreimportantthanknowledgeimaginativeWhoisshe?Sheisawomanscientist.Shediscoveredradium(镭)andpolonium(钋).Inherlife,shewontheNobelPrizetwice.Sheis…MarieCurieNothinginlifeistobefeared.Itisonlytobeunderstood.生活中没有什么可怕的东西,只有需要理解的东西.Whoishe?Hemadethefirsttelescopeintheworld.Hisobservationsshowthattheearthmovesaroundthesun.Heis…GalileoGalileiYoucannotteachamananything.Youcanonlyhelphimfinditwithinhimself.你不可能把一切都教给一个人，你只能帮助他从内心去发现（和了解）事物。1.Whichscientistdiscoveredthatobjectsinwaterareliftedupbyaforcethathelpsthemfloat?Archimedes(287-212BC)anancientGreekmathematician&physicist2.Whowroteabookexplaininghowanimalsandplantsdevelopedastheenvironmentchanged?CharlesDarwin(1808-1882)BritishauthorofTheOriginofSpecies3.Whoinventedthefirststeamengine?ThomasNewcomen4.Whousedpeastoshowhowphysicalcharacteristicsarepassedfromparentstotheirchildren?GregorMendel(1822-1884)Czech(捷克人)MarieCurieNothinginlifeistobefeared.Itisonlytobeunderstood.生活中没有什么可怕的东西,只有需要理解的东西。5.Whodiscoveredradium?ThepowerofradiumThomasAlvaEdisonGeniusisonepercentinspirationandninety-ninepercentperspiration.天才就是百分之九十九的汗水加上百分之一的灵感。6.Whoinventedthewayofgivingelectricitytoeverybodyinlargecities?TheInventionsofThomasEdisonPhonograph(留声机)Lightbulb(电灯泡)MotionPictures(电影)7.Whowasthepainterthatstudieddeadbodiestoimprovehispaintingofpeople?LeonardodaVinci(1452-1519)ItalianartistLastSupperMonaLisa8.Whoinventedalamptokeepminerssafeunderground?SirHumphryDavy(1778-1829)BritishMiniature(小型的)Miner'sSafetyLamptheSafetyLamp9.Whoinventedtheearliestinstrumenttotellpeoplewhereearthquakeshappened?ZhangHengseismograph10.Whoputforwardatheoryaboutblackhole?StephenHawking(1942---)BritishABriefHistoryofTimeBrainstormingmadeagreatcontributionmadegreatachievementssucceededintheirscientificcareerovercomemanydifficultiesJohnSnowdefeats“kingcholera”Whatcanyoulearnfromthetitle?人物：事件：defeatscholeraJohnSnowBritish(1813~1858)alegendary(传奇的)figureinthehistoryofpublichealth,epidemiology（流行病学）andanesthesiology（麻醉学）WhatisCholera?CholeraistheillnesscausedbyabacteriumcalledVibriacholerae.Itinfectspeople’sintestines(肠),causingdiarrhea(腹泻),vomiting(呕吐)andlegcramps(抽筋).KingCholeraisanusurper,andfilthistreason!Whodefeats“KingCholera“?Whathappenedin1854?Howmanypeoplediedin10days?WhyistherenodeathatNo.20and21BroadStreetaswellasatNo.8and9CambridgeStreet?JohnSnowCholeraoutbreakhitLondon.500ThesefamilieshadnotdrunkthewaterfromtheBroadStreetpump.AmapofBroadStreetWhatmethoddidheuse?Manydeathshappenedhere.Nodeathhappenedhere.Thewaterfromthepumpwastoblame.PublichouseTask2detailedreadingReadandanswer:Paragraph1:1Whycouldn’tthecholerabeundercontrolatfirst?Neitheritscause,notitscurewasunderstood.Trueorfalse:1.JohnSnowwasgladtohelpordinarypeople.2.JohnSnowthoughtcholerawouldneverbecontrolled.TFParagraph2What’sthetwotheories?Inyourwords.Whichoneismorereasonable?Choleramultipliedintheairwithoutreason.Acloudofdangerousgaswouldfloatarounduntilitfounditsvictims.Peopleabsorbeditwiththeirmeals.JohnSnowfinallyprovedthetheoryhebelievedby________.A.gatheringinformationwiththehelpofamapB.lookingintothesourceofthewaterforBroadStreetandCambridgeStreetC.separatingthosewhosufferedcholerafromthosewhodidn’tD.bothAandBE.bothAandCParagraph3&4Paragraph5Whenthecausewasfound,whatdidthepeopledo？Removethehandlefromthewaterpumpsoitcouldnotbeused.Paragraph6What’stheextraevidence?TwootherdeathsinanotherpartofLondonthatwerelinkedtotheBroadStreetoutbreak.Paragraph7WhatareJohnSnow’ssuggestions?①Thesourceofallwatersuppliesshouldbeexamined.②Newmethodsofdealingwithpollutedwatershouldbefound.③Thewatercompanieswerealsoinstructednottoexposepeopletopollutedwateranymore.Readthepassageandnumbertheseeventsintheorderthattheyhappened.JohnSnowbegantotesttwotheories.AnoutbreakofcholerahitLondonin1854.Heannouncedthatthewatercarriedthedisease.JohnSnowmarkedthedeathsonamap.2147ComprehendingKingCholerawasdefeated.Hefoundthatmostofthedeathswerenearawaterpump.Hehadthehandleremovedfromthewaterpump.JohnSnowinvestigatedtwostreetswheretheoutbreakwasverysevere.3856Task3MindMapofthetextParagraph1:IntroductionofJohnSnowandCholeraParagraph2:TwotheoryFindaProblem:Whatcausethecholera?Makeupaquestion:Whichisright?Paragraph3-6:Studyofthebreakoutin1854Paragraph3:Studyofthebreakoutin1854Thinkofamethod:TesttwotheoryCollecttheresult:MarkthedeathParagraph4:Studyofthebreakoutin1854Analysetheresult:ReasonfordeathandnodeathParagraph5:Studyofthebreakoutin1854Paragraph6:Studyofthebreakoutin1854Repeatifnecessary:Findmoreevidence.Drawaconclusion:Cholerawasspr