高中英文诗歌鉴赏入门

Takeasip玄武高中李珊Whatispoetrya.EmilyDickinson:“whenIreadsomethingIfeelsocoldthatnofirecanwarmme,Iknowitspoetry;whenIreadsomethingIfeelmyheadischoppedoff,Iknowit’spoetry.”b.Thepoethasfoundtheemotion,theemotionhasfoundtheword.c.Wordsworth:“Allgoodpoetryisthespontaneousoverflow(自然流露)ofpowerfulfeelings”.•Wedon'treadandwritepoetrybecauseit'scute.Wereadandwritepoetrybecausewearemembersofthehumanrace.Andthehumanraceisfilledwithpassion.Andmedicine,law,business,engineering,thesearenoblepursuitsandnecessarytosustainlife.Butpoetry,beauty,romance,love,thesearewhatwestayalivefor.——DeadPoetsSociety我们读诗写诗，非为它的灵巧。我们读诗写诗，因为我们是人类的一员。而人类充满了热情。医药，法律，商业，工程，这些都是高贵的理想，并且是维生的必需条件。但是诗，美，浪漫，爱，这些才是我们生存的原因。FamouspoetsWilliamWordsworth(1770-1850)wasamajorEnglishRomanticpoetwho,withSamuelTaylorColeridge,helpedtolaunchtheRomanticAgeinEnglishliteraturewiththe1798jointpublicationLyricalBallads(《抒情歌谣集》).SamuelTaylorColeridge(1772–1834)wasanEnglishpoet,Romantic,literarycriticandphilosopherwho,withhisfriendWilliamWordsworth,wasoneofthefoundersoftheRomanticMovementinEnglandandoneoftheLakePoets.ClementClarkeMoore(1779–1863)isthecreditedauthorofAVisitfromSt.Nicholas(morecommonlyknowntodayasTheNightBeforeChristmas).ClementClarkeMoorewasmostfamousinhisowndayasaprofessorofOrientalandGreekliteratureatColumbiaCollege(nowColumbiaUniversity).(1819---1892)•Oneofthemostimportantpoetsinthenineteenthcentury•Thefatheroffreeverse（自由诗体）.•America’sfirst“poetofdemocracy”•Createbothnewformsandnewsubjectmatterforpoetry•Works:LeavesofGrassWaltWhitman（沃尔特·惠特曼）TheNightbeforeChristmasBackgroundknowledge(setting)1882美国诗人Dr.ClementClarkeMoore第一次把SantaClause（圣诞老人）描写出亲切可爱的形象：面颊像玫瑰，鼻子似樱桃，常常欢乐笑靥，两鳃长满白胡子，每逢圣诞前便会驾着驯鹿雪橇来到村镇里，从民居烟囟爬下，送礼物给乖孩子。谁知这篇名为AvisitfromSaintClause的诗文一经发表便到处风行，使快乐的圣诞老人形象深入人心。很多小孩想知道他究竟来自何方。‘ItwasthenightbeforeChristmasandallthroughthehousenothingwasmovingnotevenamouse.这是圣诞的前夜整座屋子毫无声响没有一个人走动连老鼠也一样ThestockingshadbeenhungwithattentionandcareinthehopethatSantasoonwouldbethere.小心翼翼将长袜挂好满怀着希望盼圣诞老人来到Thechildrenweresleepingsafeintheirbeds,whilevaguedreamsofpresentsdancedintheirheads.孩子们都以安睡在各自的床上脑海中扇动着收到礼物的梦想Mywife,wearingascarfandI,wearingacap,hadjustsettledourselvesforalongwinternap,妻子带上围巾我带上帽子做好准备睡个冬天的长觉Andthen,inaninstant.Iheardontheroofthesteppingandscratchingofeachlittlehoof转眼之间在屋顶上传来小蹄子踢踏的声音AsIpulledinmyheadAndwasturningaroundDowncamestoutSantaInasinglebound等我缩回头再转过身从上方跳下健壮的圣诞老人Hisovaleyesshinedandhisfacelookedsomerry!Hischeekswerelikeroses-hisnoselikeacherry!他椭圆的眼睛闪了闪脸上满是欢喜他的脸颊像玫瑰鼻子像是樱桃Hiscutelittlemouthturneduplikeabow.Andthebeardandmoustachewereaswhiteasthesnow他那可爱的小嘴像只弯弯的弓他的胡须颜色和白雪相同Hedidn’tspeakawordandwentstraighttoworkhefilledallthestockingsandtheturnedwithajerk他一句话也不说赶忙开始干活把长袜都装满突然就把身转AfterlookingaroundAndscratchinghisnoseHegaveanodAndupthechimneytherose他向四周望望用手指挠挠鼻子又把头点点纵身跃上烟囱Hejumpedintohissleighandgavealoudwhistle.Andawayheflewliketheseedsofathistle他跳上雪橇大声吹个口哨然后起飞好像蓟花的绒毛ButIheardhimshoutbeforehedroveoutofsight“MerryChristmastoall.Andtoallagoodnight”在离开之前我听见他高喊圣诞快乐各位晚安Readingstrategies:ReadingStrategy1:Readapoemfirsttogetthegeneralfeeling.Don’tworryifyoudon’tunderstandeveryword.WhatisPoemabout?A.It’sabouttheexcitingtimeatChristmaswheneveryoneopenstheirpresents.B.It’saboutthenightbeforeChristmaswhenSantavisitseachhouse.C.It’saboutafamilygettingreadyforbedatChristmastime.D.It’sabouttheChristmascelebration.BMainideaReadingStrategy2:Readthepoemagainmoreslowly.Thinkabouttheactionsandfeelingsdescribedinthepoem.ReadingStrategy3:Identifywordsthatyoustilldon’tunderstand.Readthemagainusingadictionarytohelpyou.Language:WordschosenHappy:1.InthehopethatSantasoonwouldbethere.2.Vaguedreamsofpresentsdancedintheirheads.3.Hisovaleyesshined,andhisfacelookedsomerry,hischeekswerelikeroses,hisnoselikeacherry.4.Hiscutelittlemouthturneduplikeabow.5.Hefilledallthestockingsandthenturnedwithajerk.6.Hejumpedintohissleighandgavealoudwhistle,andawayheflewliketheseedsofathistle.7.Beforehedroveoutofsight,“MerryChristmastoall,andtoallagoodnight.”Language:Rhymebeds/headscap/naproof/hoofaround/boundmerry/cherrybow/snowwork/jerknose/rosewhistle/thistlesight/nightReadingStrategy4:Identifythekeyimagesinthepoems,Poemsoftenuseimagesanddescriptionsratherthansimplyexplainingasituation.Lookattheexplanationontheleftandwritetheimageordescriptionontheright.ImagesanddescriptionEverythingwasquiet.Thechildrenwereexcitedaboutgettingpresents.Whilevaguedreamsofpresentsdancedintheirheads.Nothingwasmoving,notevenamouse.ImagesanddescriptionHewashard-workinganddidn’twanttowasteanytime.Heflewawayquicklyandwasgone.Hedidn’tspeakawordandwentstraighttowork.Andawayheflewliketheseedsofathistle.ByWaltWhitmanThebackgroundofthepoemTohonorAbrahamLincoln,the16thpresidentoftheUnitedStates.FivedaysafterthedeclarationofvictoryoftheAmericanCivilWar,AbrahamLincolnwasassassinatedinatheater.Themainpoliticalandsocialissue:slaveryandtherightsofAfricanAmericans.HishopeforAmerica:seetheendofslavery.Heurgedpeopletopursueandfightforfreedomanddemocracy.AmourningpoeminhonorofAbrahamLincoln.OCaptain!myCaptain!ourfearfultripisdone