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:10018220(2003)03034705杨秀培(,637002):,;;.:;;;:TQ132:B1前言,.(1-100nm),,,,.ZnO,,.,ZnO[1-9]..ZnO,;ZnO,();ZnO,Bi2O3,Pb6O11,BaO,;ZnO,ZnO,,.3:()().,,,,,,;,ZnO,,,;,,,.,,,20[10,11].2纳米氧化锌的制备方法2.1.,.[12],-Al2O3,ZnO,MgSiO3,0.1m.,,,,.1-100nm;,.,.:2002-10-14:(1970-),,,,,243()20039Vol24No3JournalofChinaWestNormalUniversity(NaturalSciences)Sep20032.22.2.1化学气相氧化法Mitarai[13]O2,,(823-1300K),N2,:2Zn+O2823-1300K2ZnOYokoSuyama1123-1343KZnO,TEM,.,10-20nm.,,.,.2.2.2激光诱导化学气相沉积法(LICVD)[14]EI-shallM.S.,,.ZnO,,CWCO2,.LICVD,,,.,,.2.2.3气相冷凝法[15],,,.,..2.2.4喷雾热解法[16],ZnO.,,,.LiuTianquan100nmZnO,,,.,,,.2.32.3.1溶胶-凝胶法Zn(OR)2,,,[17-18].,,.:Zn(OR)2+2H2OROHZn(OH)2+2ROHZn(OH)2ZnO+H2O2.3.2醇盐水解法,,[19].,,,.:Zn(OC2H5)2,:Zn(OC2H5)2+2H2OZn(OH)2+2C2H5OHZn(OH)2ZnO+H2O2.3.3直接沉淀法.,,,.,.,,:(1)NH3OH2OZn2++2NH3H2OZn(OH)2+2NH+4Zn(OH)2ZnO+H2O(2)2Zn2++2NH4HCO3Zn2(OH)2CO3+2NH+4348()2003Zn2(OH)2CO3637~1073K2ZnO+CO2+H2O(3)Zn2++(NH4)2C2O4+2H2OZnC2O42H2O+2NH+4ZnC2O42H2O513KZnC2O4(s)+H2OZnC2O4637~823KZnO(s)+CO2+CO[20,21]ZnSO47H2ONaOH,Na2CO3,10-35nmZnO;[22],,2005.7nmZnO.,,,,,.,,.ZnO,10nm,,ZnO.2.3.4均匀沉淀法.,.,,.:(1),pH,;(2).,,,.,.,,,:CO(NH2)2+3H2OCO2+2NH3H2OZn2++2NH3H2OZn(OH)2+2NH+4Zn(OH)2ZnO+H2O[23],450,15-80nmZnO.2.3.5固相配位化学法,,:,.[24]8-,8-,40010nmZnO;[25]ZnSO47H2ONa2CO3ZnO6.0-12.7nm;[26]20nmZnO.,,,,.2.3.6有机液相合成法,[27].,,.,.2.3.7水热合成法[28-29]..:..,.,:(1);(2);(3)(RESA),.243:3493纳米氧化锌的研究现状,[30-36]..(BayerCo.,Ltd.),,,..,,863,.2090,.1,2.1ZnOTable1Theforeignresearchgeneralsituationofnano-ZnO(nm)()Techol.Univ.126-1361983MitsubishiCorp.20-501992ToHoKuUniv.Zn(NO3)210-1001992NiccoAenCorp.Zn,O2CVD10-201988Techollnst.401986PCTInst.Appl.1001993CammonwealthUniv.LICVD10-201994Inst.WerkstoffwissUniv.1001992HarcrosCorp.Zn(NO3)250-6019972ZnOTable2Thedomesticresearchgeneralsituationofnano-ZnO(nm)(),501995,20-401991CWCO21001994,1201993,8-601995201999,10-201999,60-1272000ICP5019984结束语,,.,,,.(1),.(2).(3),,,,.(4),.(5).350()2003:[1]REEDMA,FRENSLYWR,MATYIRJ.RealizationofaThreeTerminalResonantTunnelingDevice:theBipolarQuantumResonantTunnelingTransistor[J].ApplPhysLett,1989,54(11):1034-1036.[2]UEHARAM,BARBARAB,DIENYB.StaircaseBehaviorintheMagnetizationReversalofaChemicallyDisorderedMagnetatLowTemperature[J].PhysLett,1986,114A(1):23-26.[3]HAYASHIC.UltrafineParticles[J].Phys.Today,1987,(12):44-51.[4]KUBOR.ElectronicPropertiesofMetallicFineParticles[J].Phys.Soc.ofJap.,1962,17(6):975-986.[5].[J].,1985,(1):1-6.[6].[J].,1995,(7):12-14.[7]FRENAYJ.LeachingofOxidedZincOresinVariousMedia[J].Hydrometallurgy,1985,(15):243-253.[8]RABINIJB.QuenchingofAqueousColloidalZnOFluorescencebyElectronandHoleScavengersEffectOgaPositivePolyElectrolyte[J].J.Phys.Chem.,1989,(93):2559-2561.[9]CHITTR,MATIJ.UniformParticlesZincOxideofDifferentMorphologies[J].ColloidsandSurfaces,1990,(48):65-67.[10],,,.[J].,1998,14(3):355-359.[11],,.ZnO[J].,2002,14(3):366-368.[12],.[J].,1997,28(5):511-513.[13],.[J].,1997,16(2):21-24.[14],,.[J].,1997,(8):11-15.[15],,,.[J].,1999,16(1):8-10.[16],,,.ZnO[J].,1996,11(4):612-616.[17].-WO3-SiO2[J].,1998,29(3):276-281.[18],,,.--P(VDF/TEFE)-SiO2[J].,1998,29(3):327-329.[19],,,.[J].,2000,8(3):103-108.[20],,,.[J].,1999,16(2):26-28.[21],.ZnO[J].,1997,(2):43-45.[22],,,.()[J].,2000,21(2):9-11.[23],,.[J].,1999,14(3):391-396.[24],,.ZnO[J].,2001,16(4):625-629.[25],,,.[J].,2000,17(6):343-344.[26],,,.[J].,1999,15(1):8-10.[27],.PZT[J].,1995,17(2):39-44.[28]DAWSONWJ.HydrothemalSynthesisofAdvancedCeramicPowder[J].AmCeramSocBull,1988,67(10):1673.[29].[J].,1995,10(1):1-6.[30],,.TiCl4-O2TiO2[J].,1999,(5):718-725.[31],,.[J].,1995,(4):332-336.[32],,.-[J].,1998,(5):5-8.[33],,.TiO2[J].,1997,(1):110-114.[34],,.[J].,1998,(2):129-137.[35],,.[J].,1998,(2):136-139.[36],,.TiO2[J].,1999,(1):2-9.ThePreparationandScientificDevelopmentofNano-ZincOxideYANGXiupei(DepartmentofChemistry,ChinaWestNormalUniversity,Nanchong637002,China)Abstract:Nanocrystallinezincoxideparticleshavemanyspecificmicroscopicproperties.Thispaperhasintroducedtheapplicationsituationsinmanyaspects,summarizedthepreparationandscientificdevelopmentofnanocrystallinezincoxide,andintheenddiscussedtheproblemsinpreparationtechniques.Keywords:nano-particle;zincoxide;preparation;scientificdevelopment243:351