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薛进堂家用洗菜机的改进设计家用洗菜机的改进设计专业：机械设计制造及其自动化学生：薛进堂指导教师：赵晴完成日期：2012.5.26扬州大学机械学院薛进堂家用洗菜机的改进设计--I中文摘要本毕业设计说明书主要介绍了家用洗菜机各功能部件的设计，包括进水、排水、刹车机构各部分机构设计.洗菜机外箱体的设计等等。洗菜方式为洗菜筒轴摆动带动洗菜桶左右晃动。洗菜桶振荡带动洗菜筒内的水一起振荡，使水流与蔬菜表面产生相对运动的方式去除蔬菜表面的赃物。传动系统采用带传动和齿轮传动，同时利用不完全齿轮传动达到机械式激振的目的，使洗菜筒往复摆动带动筒内水的振荡。为了使洗菜机在工作过程中完成进水、洗涤、排水一整套的动作，还设计了洗菜机的进水机构、曲柄滑块刹车机构、排水机构等。考虑到洗菜机整体结构的要求，还进行了包括底板、菜筒支架、传动机构侧板、传动机构盖板、外箱体的设计。根据毕业设计的成果要求，还对洗菜筒、洗菜篮进行了设计。为了使洗菜机正常工作，还进行了基本电路的设计，包括进水电磁阀、排水电磁阀、顶杆机构、水位开关、时间控制等设计。关键词：洗菜机，机械式激振，带传动，不完全齿轮传动，箱体设计，电路设计。薛进堂家用洗菜机的改进设计--IIAbstractThisgraduationdesignspecificationismainlyaboutthedesignofeveryfunctionalpartinthehouseholdvegetablewasher,thisdesigncontainsthetransmission,wateragency,drainageagencyandotherparts;thedesignofoutercabinetofthevegetablewasher,etc.Themethodofwashingvegetablesistheoscillationofthewatercontainersandthewaterinit,makethesurfacerelativemotionaboutwaterandvegetablescometrue,andthenremovedirtythings.Byusingthemethodsofbeltandgeartransmission,atthesametime,usingtheincompletegeartransmissioninordertoachievethepurposeofmechanicalvibrationtomakewatercontainerreciprocatingswingandwateroscillationcometrue.Inordertocompleteasetofmovements,suchaswatering,washing,drainage,wealsodevisethefillagency,plungerbrakeinstitutionsanddrainageinstitutions,etc;consideringtheoverrallstructueofvegetablewasher,toarrangetheplaceofeverypart,thedesignoftheslab,thestintsofthecontainer,thesideboardsofthetransmissionmechanism,thecoverboardandthewholebodyissoimportant.Accordingtotherequirementsoftheresultsofthegraduationdesign,thedesignofwashcontainerandthebasketisalsoneeded.Inordertomakethismachineregularwork,basiccircuitdesignismade,includingfillelectromagneticvalve,waterdrainageelectromagneticvalve,plungerinstitutions,waterleveltestingswitchesandthedesignoftimecontrol.Keywords:mechanicalvibration,belttransmission,incompletegearstransmission,cabinetdesign,circuitdesign.薛进堂家用洗菜机的改进设计--III目录中文摘要··························································ⅠAbstract··························································Ⅱ第一章绪论·······················································11.1机械创新的涵·····················································11.2创新方法的发展··················································11.3机械创新设计特点·················································1第二章家用洗菜机的创新设计·····································32.1洗菜机工作当中所运用的技术·······································32.2洗菜机的发明在人们生活中的意义···································4第三章洗菜机电路及其相关部件的选择····························53.1洗菜机设计的相关内容和要求········································53.2电磁阀的基本结构、原理与选择···································63.2.1电磁阀结构及其选择··············································63.2.2进水电磁阀的选择················································73.2.3排水电磁阀的选择···············································83.2.4顶杆电磁阀的选择·················································93.2.5单向阀的选择····················································103.3洗菜机电路设计方案的拟定······································113.4水位开关的选择及其原理········································133.5．臭氧发生器的选择······································14薛进堂家用洗菜机的改进设计--IV第四章各个部件的设计············································154.1洗菜桶及菜篮的设计··············································154.1.1洗菜桶的基本尺寸···············································154.1.2洗菜桶材料的选择···············································164.1.3摆捅轴的设计与计算的选择·······································174.1.4洗菜篮的选择····················································174.2排水机构的功能设计················································184.3刹车机构的设计···················································204.4桶托架设计·······················································224.5密封盖设计·························································23第五章总结························································23总结··································································23致谢·································································24参考文献附录薛进堂家用洗菜机的改进设计--1第一章绪论1机械创新的内涵机械创新设计是指充分发挥设计者的创造力,利用人类已有的相关科学技术成果(包括理论、方法、技术、原理等),进行创新构思,设计出有新颖性、创造性、实用性的机构(结构)或机械产品(装置)的一种实践性活动,它是建立在现有机械设计理论基础上,吸收科技哲学、认识科学、思维科学、设计方法学、发明学、创造学等相关学科的有益成分,经过交流而成的一种新的设计技术和方法。创新设计是一种创造性的智力活动,是设计者充分发挥自己的创造力,利用人类已有的科学技术成果,进行创新构思,应用新技术，新原理，新方法进行产品分析和设计的过程。2创新方法的发展创新是一个及其复杂的过程,人类对创新本质的认识与研究还远远达不到科学的层次.但是众多创新学者,经数十年的研究发现,科学技术的发明创造有一定的规律可循,他们大多是以原则、诀窍、思路形式指导人们克服心理和思维的障碍,改善思维的灵活性的过程。自20世纪30年代至80年代,世界上出现了300多种创新技法,10多种创造原理这些创新技法,各自从不同的角度，在一定程度上突破了制约创新的相关因素的限制。所谓创新技法就是在创造心理。创造性思维方法和认识规律基础上的技巧｡这些创新技法不存在科学的逻辑关系,大多数目前在理论上处于“初生期”,还远远未达到纯粹的科学水平。3机械创新设计特点机械创新设计与常规机械设计相比,特别注重设计者在设计过程中,尤其是在总体方案结构设计阶段中的主导性及创造性作用,探索机构或机械产品创新发明的机理、模式和方法,具体描述机械产品创新设计过程,并将其清晰、准确地用工程图样等技术文件表达出来。机械创新设计的特点是:3.1独特性应追求与前人、众人不同的方案,善于打破常规设计思维、惯例,提出新功能、薛进堂家用洗菜机的改进设计--2新原理、新结构,在求异和突破中体现创新;这就涉及多种学科的交集,这就要求学生对知识有全面的掌握如机械、液压、电力、气动、热力、电子、光电、电磁及控制等。3.1.1实用性应从产品的市场适应性和可生产性两方面出发,设计产品的新功能、新结构,没有实用性的产品或无法加工的新结构都是纸上谈兵,不是真正的创新;这就要求学生在日常的生活中多观察和发现。3.1.2多方案选优应从多方面、多角度、多层次寻求多种解决问题的方案,在多方案中求新、求异、选优。机械创新设计的目标是由所要求的机械功能出发,改进、完善现有机械或发明新机械,实现预期的功能,并使其具有良好的工作品质及经济性;这就要求在设计中要注意思维的扩散。根据不同的设计对象,必须对采取哪种创新设计方法做出比较和判断。创新